Abstract
Pollution in the water bodies has been on the rise for several decades. To address this issue, many technologies involving physical, chemical, biological, and electrochemical processes are being utilised. Nevertheless, their commercial use is limited by a number of inherent drawbacks. Here, nanotechnology combined with material science has offered practical and economical ways to remove organic pollutants from the wastewater. This review will provide a detailed overview of the efficiency and applicability of various carbon-metal nanoparticle adsorbents such as heavy metals (mercury, lead, and cadmium), organic contaminants (benzene, insecticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon), and nitrogen and sulfur compounds from the wastewater by the adsorption process. The future research direction and the encouraging future of carbon composites loaded with metal nanoparticles for environmental applications are also discussed.
-
Research ethics: Not applicable.
-
Author contributions: RVK – Conceived work, Original draft preparation, Review and Editing; NK – Original draft preparation; GP –Conceived work, Review and Editing. The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Data availability: Not applicable.
References
1. Mehndiratta, P, Jain, A, Srivastava, S, Gupta, N. Environmental pollution and nanotechnology. Environ Pollut 2013;2:49. https://doi.org/10.5539/ep.v2n2p49.Search in Google Scholar
2. Baby, R, Saifullah, B, Hussein, MZ. Carbon nanomaterials for the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water and environmental remediation. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019;14:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-019-3167-8.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
3. Chua, SF, Nouri, A, Ang, WL, Mahmoudi, E, Mohammad, AW, Benamor, A, et al.. The emergence of multifunctional adsorbents and their role in environmental remediation. J Environ Chem Eng 2021;9:104793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104793.Search in Google Scholar
4. Dhangar, K, Kumar, M. Tricks and tracks in removal of emerging contaminants from the wastewater through hybrid treatment systems: a review. Sci Total Environ 2020;738:140320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140320.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
5. Ratnam, MV, Akilamudhan, P, Kumar, KS, Reddy, SN, Rao, KN, Shaik, F, et al.. Carbon-based nanoadsorbents for the removal of emerging pollutants. Adsorpt Sci Technol 2023;2023:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3579165.Search in Google Scholar
6. Mahesh, N, Balakumar, S, Shyamalagowri, S, Manjunathan, J, Pavithra, MKS, Babu, PS, et al.. Carbon-based adsorbents as proficient tools for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution: a state of art-review emphasizing recent progress and prospects. Environ Res 2022;213:113723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113723.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
7. Balakumar, S, Mahesh, N, Kamaraj, M, Saranya, T, Babu, PS, Aravind, J, et al.. Customized carbon composite nanomaterials for the mitigation of emerging contaminants: a review of recent trends. Carbon Lett 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-024-00715-3.Search in Google Scholar
8. Shyamalagowri, S, Bhavithra, HA, Akila, N, Jeyaraj, SSG, Aravind, J, Kamaraj, M, et al.. Carbon-based adsorbents for the mitigation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon: a review of recent research. Environ Geochem Health 2024;46:108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-024-01915-6.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
9. Isaeva, VI, Vedenyapina, MD, Kurmysheva, AY, Weichgrebe, D, Nair, RR, Nguyen, NPT, et al.. Modern carbon–based materials for adsorptive removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from water and wastewater. Molecules 2021;26:6628. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216628.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
10. Araújo, ES, Pereira, MF, da Silva, GM, Tavares, GF, Oliveira, CY, Faia, PM. A review on the use of metal oxide-based nanocomposites for the remediation of organics-contaminated water via photocatalysis: fundamentals, bibliometric study and recent advances. Toxics 2023;11:658. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080658.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
11. Ningthoujam, R, Singh, YD, Babu, PJ, Tirkey, A, Pradhan, S, Sarma, M. Nanocatalyst in remediating environmental pollutants. Chem Phys Impact 2022;4:100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chphi.2022.100064.Search in Google Scholar
12. Ramos-Guivar, JA, Flores-Cano, DA, Caetano Passamani, E. Differentiating nanomaghemite and nanomagnetite and discussing their importance in arsenic and lead removal from contaminated effluents: a critical review. Nanomaterials 2021;11:2310. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11092310.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
13. Shi, J, Teng, W, Deng, Z, Koel, BE, Zhang, WX. Pollutants transformation by metal nanoparticles in confined nanospaces. Environ Sci Nano 2021;8:3435–9. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1en00538c.Search in Google Scholar
14. Bichave, MS, Kature, AY, Koranne, SV, Shinde, RS, Gongle, AS, Choudhari, VP, et al.. Nano-metal oxides-activated carbons for dyes removal: a review. Mater Today Proc 2023;77:19–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.08.451.Search in Google Scholar
15. Kamaraj, M, Srinivasan, NR, Assefa, G, Adugna, AT, Kebede, M. Facile development of sunlit ZnO nanoparticles-activated carbon hybrid from pernicious weed as an operative nano-adsorbent for removal of methylene blue and chromium from aqueous solution: extended application in tannery industrial wastewater. Environ Technol Innov 2020;17:100540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2019.100540.Search in Google Scholar
16. Frackowiak, E, Beguin, F. Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in capacitors. Carbon 2001;39:937–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6223(00)00183-4.Search in Google Scholar
17. Yang, T, Ling, H, Lamonier, JF, Jaroniec, M, Huang, J, Monteiro, MJ, et al.. A synthetic strategy for carbon nanospheres impregnated with highly monodispersed metal nanoparticles. NPG Asia Mater 2016;8:e240. https://doi.org/10.1038/am.2015.145.Search in Google Scholar
18. Yi, L, Zuo, L, Wei, C, Fu, H, Qu, X, Zheng, S, et al.. Enhanced adsorption of bisphenol A, tylosin, and tetracycline from aqueous solution to nitrogen-doped multiwall carbon nanotubes via cation-π and π-π electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) interactions. Sci Total Environ 2020;719:137389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137389.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
19. Poudel, R, Li, W. Synthesis, properties, and applications of carbon nanotubes filled with foreign materials: a review. Mater Today Phys 2018;7:7–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2018.10.002.Search in Google Scholar
20. Fritea, L, Banica, F, Costea, TO, Moldovan, L, Dobjanschi, L, Muresan, M, et al.. Metal Nanoparticles and carbon-based nanomaterials for improved performances of electrochemical (bio)sensors with biomedical applications. Materials 2021;14:6319. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216319.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
21. Chandrakala, V, Aruna, V, Angajala, G. Review on metal nanoparticles as nanocarriers: current challenges and perspectives in drug delivery systems. Emerg Mater Res 2022;5:1593–615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-021-00335-x.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
22. Qasim, M, Clarkson, AN, Hinkley, SFR. Green synthesis of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) from biomass for biomedical applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023;24:1023. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021023.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
23. Singh, H, Desimone, MF, Pandya, S, Jasani, S, George, N, Adnan, M, et al.. Revisiting the green synthesis of nanoparticles: uncovering influences of plant extracts as reducing agents for enhanced synthesis efficiency and its biomedical applications. Int J Nanomed 2023;18:4727–50. https://doi.org/10.2147/ijn.s419369.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
24. Yu, X, Pham, JT, Subramani, C, Creran, B, Yeh, YC, Du, K, et al.. Direct patterning of engineered ionic gold nanoparticles via nanoimprint lithography. Adv Mater 2012;24:6330–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201202776.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
25. Mirzaei, A, Neri, G. Microwave-assisted synthesis of metal oxide nanostructures for gas sensing application: a review. Sensors Actuators B Chem 2016;237:749–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.06.114.Search in Google Scholar
26. Davies, GL, O’Brien, J, Gunko, YK. Rare earth doped silica nanoparticles via thermolysis of a single source metallasilsesquioxane precursor. Sci Rep 2017;7:45862. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45862.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
27. Kosevic, MG, Zaric, MM, Stopic, SR, Stevanovic, JS, Weirich, TE, Friedrich, BG, et al.. Structural and electrochemical properties of nesting and core/shell Pt/TiO2 spherical particles synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. Metals 2020;10:11. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10010011.Search in Google Scholar
28. Alosime, EM. A review on surface functionalization of carbon nanotubes: methods and applications. Discover Nano 2023;18:12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-023-03789-6.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
29. Pareek, V, Bhargava, A, Gupta, R, Jain, N, Panwar, J. Synthesis and applications of noble metal nanoparticles: a review. Adv Sci Eng Med 2017;9:527–44. https://doi.org/10.1166/asem.2017.2027.Search in Google Scholar
30. Sharma, D, Kanchi, S, Bisetty, K. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles: a review. Arab J Chem 2019;12:3576–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.11.002.Search in Google Scholar
31. De Oliveira, PFM, Torresi, RM, Emmerling, F, Camargo, PHC. Challenges and opportunities in the bottom-up mechanochemical synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles. J Mater Chem A 2020;8:16114–41. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ta05183g.Search in Google Scholar
32. Noman, MT, Petru, M, Militký, J, Azeem, M, Ashraf, MA. One-Pot Sonochemical synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalytic applications, modelling and optimization. Materials 2020;13:14. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13010014.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
33. Habibullah, G, Viktorova, J, Ruml, T. Current strategies for noble metal nanoparticle synthesis. Nanoscale Res Lett 2021;16:47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-021-03480-8.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
34. Rodrigues, TS, da Silva, AGM, Camargo, PHC. Nanocatalysis by noble metal nanoparticles: controlled synthesis for the optimization and understanding of activities. J Mater Chem A 2019;7:5857–74. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta00074g.Search in Google Scholar
35. Speranza, G. Carbon Nanomaterials: synthesis, functionalization and sensing applications. Nanomaterials 2021;11:967. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040967.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
36. Reverberi, A, Kuznetsov, N, Meshalkin, V, Salerno, M, Fabiano, B. Systematical analysis of chemical methods in metal nanoparticles synthesis. Theor Found Chem Eng 2016;50:59–66. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0040579516010127.Search in Google Scholar
37. Dubey, R, Dutta, D, Sarkar, A, Chattopadhyay, P. Functionalized carbon nanotubes: synthesis, properties and applications in water purification, drug delivery, and material and biomedical sciences. Nanoscale Adv 2021;3:5722–44. https://doi.org/10.1039/d1na00293g.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
38. Salah, LS, Ouslimani, N, Bousba, D, Huynen, I, Danlée, Y, Aksas, H. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from synthesis to functionalized (CNTs) using conventional and new chemical approaches. J Nanomater 2021;14:1–31. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4972770.Search in Google Scholar
39. Singh, MV, Tiwari, AK, Gupta, R. Catalytic chemical vapor deposition methodology for carbon nanotubes synthesis. Chem Select 2023;8:e202204715. https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202204715.Search in Google Scholar
40. Yadav, R, Kumar, K, Venkatesu, P. Covalent functionalization of carbon nanotube. In: Abraham, J, Thomas, S, Kalarikkal, N, editors. Handbook of Carbon Nanotubes. Cham: Springer; 2022:1–28 pp.10.1007/978-3-319-70614-6_65-1Search in Google Scholar
41. Zhang, S, Malik, S, Ali, N, Khan, A, Bilal, M, Rasool, K. Covalent and non-covalent functionalized nanomaterials for environmental restoration. Top Curr Chem 2022;380:44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-022-00397-3.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
42. Huang, H, Wang, X. Recent progress on carbon-based support materials for electrocatalysts of direct methanol fuel cells. J Mater Chem A 2014;2:6266–91. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta14754a.Search in Google Scholar
43. Maya-Cornejo, J, Garcia-Bernabé, A, Compañ, V. Bimetallic Pt-M electrocatalysts supported on single-wall carbon nanotubes for hydrogen and methanol electrooxidation in fuel cells applications. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2018;43:872–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.10.097.Search in Google Scholar
44. Fan, JJ, Fan, YJ, Wang, RX, Xiang, S, Tang, HG, Sun, SG. A novel strategy for the synthesis of sulfur-doped carbon nanotubes as a highly efficient Pt catalyst support toward the methanol oxidation reaction. J Mater Chem A 2017;5:19467–75. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ta05102f.Search in Google Scholar
45. Hsieh, CT, Hung, WM, Chen, WY, Lin, JY. Microwave-assisted polyol synthesis of Pt–Zn electrocatalysts on carbon nanotube electrodes for methanol oxidation. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2011;6:2765–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.11.030.Search in Google Scholar
46. Gu, K, Kim, E, Sharma, S, Sharma, P, Bliznakov, S, Hsiao, B, et al.. Mesoporous carbon aerogel with tunable porosity as the catalyst support for enhanced proton-exchange membrane fuel cell performance. Mater Today Energy 2021;19:100560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2020.100560.Search in Google Scholar
47. Su, F, Tian, Z, Poh, CK, Wang, Z, Lim, SH, Liu, Z, et al.. Pt nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped porous carbon nanospheres as an electrocatalyst for fuel cells. Chem Mater 2010;22:832–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/cm901542w.Search in Google Scholar
48. Ott, S, Orfanidi, A, Schmies, H, Anke, B, Nong, HN, Hübner, J, et al.. Ionomer distribution control in porous carbon-supported catalyst layers for high-power and low Pt-loaded proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Nat Mater 2020;19:77–85. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-019-0487-0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
49. Zhang, X, Yang, P, Jiang, SP. Pd nanoparticles assembled on Ni- and N-doped carbon nanotubes towards superior electrochemical activity. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2021;46:2065–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.096.Search in Google Scholar
50. Deng, Y, Xie, Y, Zou, K, Ji, X. Review on recent advances in nitrogen-doped carbons: preparations and applications in supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 2016;4:1144–73. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ta08620e.Search in Google Scholar
51. Wang, H, Maiyalagan, T, Wang, X. Review on recent progress in nitrogen-doped graphene: synthesis, characterization, and its potential applications. ACS Catal 2012;2:781–94. https://doi.org/10.1021/cs200652y.Search in Google Scholar
52. Fiorio, JL, Garcia, MAS, Gothe, ML, Galvan, D, Troise, PC, Conte-Junior, CA, et al.. Recent advances in the use of nitrogen-doped carbon materials for the design of noble metal catalysts. Coord Chem Rev 2023;481:215053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215053.Search in Google Scholar
53. Nie, R, Yang, H, Zhang, H, Yu, X, Lu, X, Zhou, D, et al.. Mild-temperature hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin over porous nitrogen-doped carbon black supported nickel nanoparticles. Green Chem 2017;19:3126–34. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7gc00531h.Search in Google Scholar
54. Manawi, YM, Ihsanullah Samara, A, Al-Ansari, T, Atieh, MA. A review of carbon nanomaterials’ synthesis via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Materials 2018;11:822. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11050822.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
55. Arai, S. Fabrication of metal/carbon nanotube composites by electrochemical deposition. Electrochem 2021;2:563–89. https://doi.org/10.3390/electrochem2040036.Search in Google Scholar
56. Marchewka, J, Kołodziejczyk, E, Bezkosty, P, Sitarz, M. Characterization of electrochemical deposition of copper and copper(I) oxide on the carbon nanotubes coated stainless steel substrates. Sci Rep 2023;13:6786. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33963-w.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
57. He, Z, Chen, J, Liu, D, Zhou, H, Kuang, Y. Electrodeposition of Pt–Ru nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes and their electrocatalytic properties for methanol electrooxidation. Diam Relat Mater 2004;13:1764–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diamond.2004.03.004.Search in Google Scholar
58. Tsai, MC, Yeh, TK, Tsai, CH. An improved electrodeposition technique for preparing platinum and platinum–ruthenium nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes directly grown on carbon cloth for methanol oxidation. Electrochem Commun 2006;8:1445–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.07.003.Search in Google Scholar
59. Chen, XH, Chen, CS, Xiao, HN, Cheng, FQ, Zhang, G, Yi, GJ. Corrosion behavior of carbon nanotube-Ni composite coating. Surf Coat Technol 2005;191:351–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.04.055.Search in Google Scholar
60. Chen, XH, Cheng, FQ, Li, SL, Zhou, LP, Li, DY. Electrodeposited nickel composites containing carbon nanotubes. Surf Coat Technol 2002;155:274–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(02)00118-4.Search in Google Scholar
61. Choi, HC, Shim, M, Bangsaruntip, S, Dai, H. Spontaneous reduction of metal ions on the sidewalls of carbon nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 2002;124:9058–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja026824t.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
62. Lin, Y, Watson, KA, Fallbach, MJ, Ghose, S, Smith, JG, Delozier, MD, et al.. Rapid, solventless, bulk preparation of metal nanoparticle-decorated carbon nanotubes. ACS Nano 2009;3:871–84. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn8009097.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
63. Lin, Y, Watson, KA, Ghose, S, Smith, JG, Williams, TV, Crooks, RE, et al.. Direct mechanochemical formation of metal nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem C 2009;113:14858–62. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp905076u.Search in Google Scholar
64. Zhang, P, Shao, C, Zhang, Z, Zhang, M, Mu, J, Guo, Z, et al.. In situ assembly of well-dispersed Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) on electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Nanoscale 2011;3:3357–63. https://doi.org/10.1039/c1nr10405e.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
65. Wang, X, Fu, J, Wang, M, Wang, Y, Chen, Z, Zhang, J, et al.. Facile synthesis of Au nanoparticles supported on polyphosphazene functionalized carbon nanotubes for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. J Mater Sci 2014;49:5056–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8212-5.Search in Google Scholar
66. Patiño, Y, Díaz, E, Ordóñez, S, Gallegos-Suarez, E, Guerrero-Ruiz, A, Rodríguez- Ramos, I. Adsorption of emerging pollutants on functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes. Chemosphere 2015;136:174–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.089.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
67. Mirsalari, H, Maleki, A, Raissi, H, Soltanabadi, A. Investigation of the pristine and functionalized carbon nanotubes as a delivery system for the anticancer drug dacarbazine: drug encapsulation. J Pharm Sci 2020;110:2005–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.062.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
68. Saxena, M, Sharma, N, Saxena, R. Highly efficient and rapid removal of a toxic dye: adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and mechanism studies on functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Surface Interfac 2020;21:100639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100639.Search in Google Scholar
69. Agasti, N, Gautam, V, Priyanka, M, Pandey, N, Genwa, M, Meena, PL, et al.. Carbon nanotube based magnetic composites for decontamination of organic chemical pollutants in water: a review. Appl Surf Sci Adv 2022;10:100270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsadv.2022.100270.Search in Google Scholar
70. Chen, W, Duan, L, Zhu, D. Adsorption of polar and nonpolar organic chemicals to carbon nanotubes. Environ Sci Technol 2007;41:8295–300. https://doi.org/10.1021/es071230h.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
71. Deng, Y, Ok, YS, Mohan, D, Pittman, CUJr, Dou, X. Carbamazepine removal from water by carbon dot-modified magnetic carbon nanotubes. Environ Res 2019;169:434–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.035.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
72. Zhao, H, Liu, X, Cao, Z, Zhan, Y, Shi, X, Yang, Y, et al.. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of chloramphenicols, sulfonamides, and non-antibiotic pharmaceuticals on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. J Hazard Mater 2016;310:235–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.02.045.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
73. Anzar, N, Hasan, R, Tyagi, M, Yadav, N, Narang, J. Carbon nanotube—a review on Synthesis, properties and plethora of applications in the field of biomedical science. Sens Int 2020;1:100003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100003.Search in Google Scholar
74. Liang, Y, Yuan, F, Xu, X, Wang, X, Hu, H, Ou, JZ. Bioinspired polydopamine-sheathed carbon nanotubes as environmentally safe, efficient, and durable adsorbents for organic pollutant capturing via hydrogen bonding. Carbon 2023;214:118354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118354.Search in Google Scholar
75. Kozbial, A, Zhou, F, Li, Z, Liu, H, Li, L. Are graphitic surfaces hydrophobic? Acc Chem Res 2016;49:2765–73. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00447.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
76. Al-Khateeb, LA, Al-zahrani, MA, El Hamd, MA, El-Maghrabey, M, Dahas, FA, El-Shaheny, R. High-temperature liquid chromatography for evaluation of the efficiency of multiwalled carbon nanotubes as nano extraction beds for removal of acidic drugs fro. from wastewater. Greenness profiling and comprehensive kinetics and thermodynamics studies. J Chromatogr A 2021;1639:461891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.461891.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
77. Hadavifar, M, Bahramifar, N, Younesi, H, Li, Q. Adsorption of mercury ions from synthetic and real wastewater aqueous solution by functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube with both amino and thiolated groups. Chem Eng J 2014;237:217–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.10.014.Search in Google Scholar
78. Kaur, M, Kaur, M, Singh, D, Feng, M, Sharma, VK. Magnesium ferrite-nitrogen–doped graphene oxide nanocomposite: effective adsorptive removal of lead (II) and arsenic (III). Environ Sci Pollut Res 2022;29:48260–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19314-8.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
79. Egbosiuba, TC, Egwunyenga, MC, Tijani, JO, Mustapha, S, Abdulkareem, AS, Kovo, AS, et al.. Activated multi-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with zero valent nickel nanoparticles for arsenic, cadmium and lead adsorption from wastewater in a batch and continuous flow modes. J Hazard Mater 2022;423:126993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126993.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
80. Wan, S, Ding, W, Wang, Y, Wu, J, Gu, Y, He, F. Manganese oxide nanoparticles impregnated graphene oxide aggregates for cadmium and copper remediation. Chem Eng J 2018;350:1135–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.06.068.Search in Google Scholar
81. Joshi, A, Nagaiah, TC. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes for sensitive and selective determination of heavy metals. RSC Adv 2015;5:105119–27. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra15944j.Search in Google Scholar
82. Yu, L, Wang, L, Xu, W, Chen, L, Fu, M, Wu, J, et al.. Adsorption of VOCs on reduced graphene oxide. J Environ Sci (China) 2018;67:171–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.08.022.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
83. Raad, MT, Behnejad, H, MEl, J. Equilibrium and kinetic studies for the adsorption of benzene and toluene by graphene nanosheets: a comparison with carbon nanotubes. Surf Interface Anal 2016;48:117–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5877.Search in Google Scholar
84. Liu, G, Li, L, Huang, X, Zheng, S, Xu, X, Liu, Z, et al.. Adsorption and removal of organophosphorus pesticides from environmental water and soil samples by using magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes @ organic framework ZIF-8. J Mater Sci 2018;53:10772–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2352-y.Search in Google Scholar
85. Thakur, K, Kandasubramanian, B. Graphene and graphene oxide-based composites for removal of organic pollutants: a review. J Chem Eng Data 2019;64:833–67. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.8b01057.Search in Google Scholar
86. Sun, Y, Yang, S, Zhao, G, Wang, Q, Wang, X. Adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on graphene oxides and reduced graphene oxides. Chem Asian J 2013;8:2755–61. https://doi.org/10.1002/asia.201300496.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
87. Yan, T, Li, TX, Li, H, Wang, RZ. Experimental study of the ammonia adsorption characteristics on the composite sorbent of CaCl2 and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Int J Refrigeration 2014;46:165–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2014.02.014.Search in Google Scholar
88. Rezaei, E, Schlageter, B, Nemati, M, Predicala, B. Evaluation of metal oxide nanoparticles for adsorption of gas phase ammonia. J Environ Chem Eng 2017;5:422–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.12.026.Search in Google Scholar
89. Rezaei Kalantary, R, Dehghanifard, E, Mohseni-Bandpi, A, Rezaei, L, Esrafili, A, Kakavandi, B, et al.. Nitrate adsorption by synthetic activated carbon magnetic nanoparticles: kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies. Desalination Water Treat 2014;57:16445–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1079251.Search in Google Scholar
90. Mehrabi, N, Soleimani, M, Yeganeh, MM, Sharififard, H. Parameter optimization for nitrate removal from water using activated carbon and composite of activated carbon and Fe2O3 nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015;5:51470–82. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03920g.Search in Google Scholar
91. Zhu, X, Zhang, L, Zhang, M, Ma, C. Effect of N-doping on NO2 adsorption and reduction over activated carbon: an experimental and computational study. Fuel 2019;258:116109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116109.Search in Google Scholar
92. Daraee, M, Ghasemy, E, Rashidi, A. Effective adsorption of hydrogen sulfide by intercalation of TiO2 and N-doped TiO2 in graphene oxide. J Environ Chem Eng 2020;8:103836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.103836.Search in Google Scholar
93. Babu, DJ, Kühl, FG, Yadav, S, Markert, D, Bruns, M, Hampe, MJ, et al.. Adsorption of pure SO2 on nanoscaled graphene oxide. RSC Adv 2016;6:36834–9. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra07518e.Search in Google Scholar
94. Saha, D, Kienbaum, MJ. Role of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur functionalities on the surface of nanoporous carbons in CO2 adsorption: a critical review. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 2019;287:29–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2019.05.051.Search in Google Scholar
95. Khaled, M. Adsorption performance of multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide for removal of thiophene and dibenzothiophene from model diesel fuel. Res Chem Intermed 2015;41:9817–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-015-1986-5.Search in Google Scholar
96. Xu, J, Zhu, YF. Elimination of bisphenol A from water via graphene oxide adsorption. Acta Phys Chim Sin 2013;29:829–36. https://doi.org/10.3866/pku.whxb201301211.Search in Google Scholar
97. Zhang, Y, Cheng, Y, Chen, N, Zhou, Y, Li, B, Gu, W, et al.. Recyclable removal of bisphenol A from aqueous solution by reduced graphene oxide-magnetic nanoparticles: adsorption and desorption. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014;421:85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2014.01.022.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
98. Liao, Q, Sun, J, Gao, L. Adsorption of chlorophenols by multi-walled carbon nanotubes treated with HNO3 and NH3. Carbon 2008;46:553–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2007.12.009.Search in Google Scholar
99. Mubarak, NM, Sazila, N, Nizamuddin, S, Abdullah, EC, Sahu, JN. Adsorptive removal of phenol from aqueous solution by using carbon nanotubes and magnetic biochar. NanoWorld J 2017;3:32–7. https://doi.org/10.17756/nwj.2017-043.Search in Google Scholar
100. Yao, YX, Li, HB, Liu, JY, Tan, XL, Yu, JG, Peng, ZG. Removal and adsorption of p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions using carbon nanotubes and their composites. J Nanomater 2014;464:78–88.10.1155/2014/571745Search in Google Scholar
101. Zhang, B, Li, F, Wu, T, Sun, D, Li, Y. Adsorption of p-nitrophenol from aqueous solutions using nanographite oxide. Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp 2015;464:78–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.10.020.Search in Google Scholar
102. Wu, Z, Yuan, X, Zhong, H, Wang, H, Zeng, G, Chen, X, et al.. Enhanced adsorptive removal of p-nitrophenol from water by aluminum metal-organic framework/reduced graphene oxide composite. Sci Rep 2016;6:25638. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25638.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
103. Arasteh, R, Masoumi, M, Rashidi, AM, Moradi, L, Samimi, V, Mostafavi, ST. Adsorption of 2-nitrophenol by multi-wall carbon nanotubes from aqueous solutions. Appl Surf Sci 2010;256:4447–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.01.057.Search in Google Scholar
104. Eslami, A, Mehralian, M, Moheb, A. A study of 4-chlorophenol continuous adsorption on nano graphene oxide column: model comparison and breakthrough behaviors. J Water Reuse Desalin 2017;7:272–9. https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2016.044.Search in Google Scholar
105. Liu, W, Liu, X, Yang, Y, Zhang, Y, Xu, B. Selective removal of benzothiophene and dibenzothiophene from gasoline using double-template molecularly imprinted polymers on the surface of carbon microspheres. Fuel 2014;117:184–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.09.031.Search in Google Scholar
106. Nazal, MK, Khaled, M, Atieh, MA, Aljundi, IH, Oweimreen, GA, Abulkibash, AM. The nature and kinetics of the adsorption of dibenzothiophene in model diesel fuel on carbonaceous materials loaded with aluminum oxide particles. Arab J Chem 2019;12:3678–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.12.003.Search in Google Scholar
107. Anbia, M, Karami, S. Desulfurization of gasoline using novel mesoporous carbon adsorbents. J Nanostruct Chem 2015;5:131–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40097-014-0144-8.Search in Google Scholar
108. Srivastav, A, Srivastava, VC. Adsorptive desulfurization by activated alumina. J Hazard Mater 2009;170:1133–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.05.088.Search in Google Scholar PubMed
109. Moosavi, ES, Dastgheib, SA, Karimzadeh, R. Adsorption of thiophenic compounds from model diesel fuel using copper and nickel impregnated activated carbons. Energies 2012:4233–50. https://doi.org/10.3390/en5104233.Search in Google Scholar
110. Palomino, JM, Tran, DT, Hauser, JL, Dong, H, Oliver, SRJ. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for high capacity adsorptive desulfurization. J Mater Chem A 2014;2:14890–5. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ta02570a.Search in Google Scholar
111. Hauser, JL, Tran, DT, Conley, ET, Saunders, JM, Bustillo, KC, Oliver, SRJ. Plasma treatment of silver impregnated mesoporous aluminosilicate nanoparticles for adsorptive desulfurization. Chem Mater 2016;28:474–9. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03018.Search in Google Scholar
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Production strategies for carbon composites and carbon-based adsorbents
- Role of carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibres and nano-gels in eliminating pollutants from aqueous solution
- Utilization of graphene and rGO membranes for water and wastewater treatments
- Characterization techniques for carbon-based adsorbents and carbon composites
- Biochar-mediated removal of various pollutants from the environment
- Carbon-polymer composites for environmental applications
- Carbon composites in the mitigation of micro and nanoplastics
- Carbon composites as an Avante garde material in mitigating dyes and heavy metal pollution
- Carbon metal nanoparticle composites for the removal of pollutants
- Activated carbon-mediated adsorption of emerging contaminants
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Production strategies for carbon composites and carbon-based adsorbents
- Role of carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibres and nano-gels in eliminating pollutants from aqueous solution
- Utilization of graphene and rGO membranes for water and wastewater treatments
- Characterization techniques for carbon-based adsorbents and carbon composites
- Biochar-mediated removal of various pollutants from the environment
- Carbon-polymer composites for environmental applications
- Carbon composites in the mitigation of micro and nanoplastics
- Carbon composites as an Avante garde material in mitigating dyes and heavy metal pollution
- Carbon metal nanoparticle composites for the removal of pollutants
- Activated carbon-mediated adsorption of emerging contaminants