Shape-controlled metal nanoparticles for electrocatalytic applications

References

[1] Wieckowski A. Interfacial electrochemistry: theory, experiment, and applications. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1999.Search in Google Scholar

[2] Climent V, Feliu JM. Thirty years of platinum single crystal electrochemistry. J Solid State Electrochem. 2011;15:1297–315.10.1007/s10008-011-1372-1Search in Google Scholar

[3] Martínez-Hincapié R, Sebastián-Pascual P, Climent V, Feliu JM. Investigating interfacial parameters with platinum single crystal electrodes. Russ J Electrochem. 2017;53:227–36.10.1134/S1023193517030107Search in Google Scholar

[4] Wieckowski A, Savinova ER, Vayenas CG. Catalysis and electrocatalysis at nanoparticle surfaces. New York: CRC Press, 2003.10.1201/9780203912713Search in Google Scholar

[5] Koper MT. Fuel cell catalysis: a surface science approach. electrocatalysis and electrochemistry. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 2009.10.1002/9780470463772Search in Google Scholar

[6] Koper MT. Structure sensitivity and nanoscale effects in electrocatalysis. Nanoscale. 2001;3:2054–73.10.1039/c0nr00857eSearch in Google Scholar

[7] Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Feliu JM. Shape dependent electrocatalysis, annual reports on the progress of chemistry. Section C: Phys Chem. 2011;107:263–97.10.1039/c1pc90010bSearch in Google Scholar

[8] Tian N, Zhou ZY, Sun SG. Platinum metal catalysts of high-index surfaces: from single-crystal planes to electrochemically shape-controlled nanoparticles. J Phys Chem C. 2008;112:19801–17.10.1021/jp804051eSearch in Google Scholar

[9] Zhou Z-Y, Tian N, Huang -Z-Z, Chen D-J, Sun S-G. Nanoparticle catalysts with high energy surfaces and enhanced activity synthesized by electrochemical method. Faraday Discuss. 2009;140:81–92.10.1039/B803716GSearch in Google Scholar

[10] Proussevitch AA, Sahagian DL. Recognition and separation of discrete objects within complex 3D voxelized structures. Comput Geosci. 2001;27:441–54.10.1016/S0098-3004(00)00141-2Search in Google Scholar

[11] Baletto F, Ferrando R. Structural properties of nanoclusters: energetic, thermodynamic, and kinetic effects. Rev Mod Phys. 2005;77:371–423.10.1103/RevModPhys.77.371Search in Google Scholar

[12] Wang T, Lee C, Schmidt LD. Shape and orientation of supported platinum particles. Surf Sci. 1985;163:181–97.10.1016/0039-6028(85)90857-XSearch in Google Scholar

[13] Harris PJ. Sulphur-induced faceting of platinum catalyst particles. Nature. 1986;323:792–4.10.1038/323792a0Search in Google Scholar

[14] Ahmadi TS, Wang ZL, Green TC, Henglein A, El-Sayed MA. Shape-controlled synthesis of colloidal platinum nanoparticles. Science. 1996;272:1924–6.10.1126/science.272.5270.1924Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[15] Burda C, Chen X, Narayanan R, El-Sayed MA. Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes. Chem Rev. 2005;105:1025–102. (Washington, DC, United States).10.1021/cr030063aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[16] Tao AR, Habas S, Yang P. Shape control of colloidal metal nanocrystals. Small. 2008;4:310–25.10.1002/smll.200701295Search in Google Scholar

[17] Xia Y, Xiong Y, Lim B, Skrabalak SE. Shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals: simple chemistry meets complex physics? Angew Chem Int Ed. 2009;48:60–103.10.1002/anie.200802248Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[18] Sau K, Rogach AL. Non-spherical noble metal nanoparticles: colloid-chemical synthesis and morphology control. Adv Mater. 2010;22:1781–804. (Weinheim, Germany).10.1002/adma.200901271Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[19] Gu J, Zhang YW, Tao F. Shape control of bimetallic nanocatalysts through well-designed colloidal chemistry approaches. Chem Soc Rev. 2012;41:8050–65.10.1039/c2cs35184fSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[20] You H, Yang S, Ding B, Yang H. Synthesis of colloidal metal and metal alloy nanoparticles for electrochemical energy applications. Chem Soc Rev. 2013;42:2880–904.10.1039/C2CS35319ASearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[21] Quan Z, Wang Y, Fang J. High-index faceted noble metal nanocrystals. Acc Chem Res. 2013;46:191–202.10.1021/ar200293nSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[22] Leong GJ, Schulze MC, Strand MB, Maloney D, Frisco SL, Dinh HN, et al. Shape-directed platinum nanoparticle synthesis: nanoscale design of novel catalysts. Appl Organomet Chem. 2014;28:1–17.10.1002/aoc.3048Search in Google Scholar

[23] Xia Y, Xia X, Peng HC. Shape-controlled synthesis of colloidal metal nanocrystals: thermodynamic versus kinetic products. J Am Chem Soc. 2015;137:7947–66.10.1021/jacs.5b04641Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[24] Gilroy KD, Ruditskiy A, Peng HC, Qin D, Xia Y. Bimetallic nanocrystals: syntheses, properties, and applications. Chem Rev. 2016;116:10414–72.10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00211Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[25] Chen Q, Jia Y, Xie S, Xie Z. Well-faceted noble-metal nanocrystals with nonconvex polyhedral shapes. Chem Soc Rev. 2016;45:3207–20.10.1039/C6CS00039HSearch in Google Scholar

[26] Yang TH, Gilroy KD, Xia Y. Reduction rate as a quantitative knob for achieving deterministic synthesis of colloidal metal nanocrystals. Chem Sci. 2017;8:6730–49.10.1039/C7SC02833DSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[27] Xia Y, Gilroy KD, Peng H‐C, Xia X. Seed‐mediated growth of colloidal metal nanocrystals. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2017;56:60–95.10.1002/anie.201604731Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[28] Gilroy KD, Yang X, Xie S, Zhao M, Qin D, Xia Y. Shape‐controlled synthesis of colloidal metal nanocrystals by replicating the surface atomic structure on the seed. Adv Mater. 2018;1706312. DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706312Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[29] Tian N, Zhou Z-Y, Sun S-G, Ding Y, Wang ZL. Synthesis of tetrahexahedral platinum nanocrystals with high-index facets and high electro-oxidation activity. Science. 2007;316:732–35.10.1126/science.1140484Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[30] Tian N, Xiao J, Zhou Z-Y, Liu H-X, Deng Y-J, Huang L, et al. Pt-group bimetallic nanocrystals with high-index facets as high performance electrocatalysts. Faraday Discuss. 2013;162:77–89.10.1039/c3fd20146eSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[31] Wei L, Tian N, Zhou ZY, Sun SG. Electrochemically shape‐controlled nanoparticles in advances in electrochemical science and engineering:nanopatterned and nanoparticle-modified electrode. In: Alkire RC, Bartlett PN, Lipkowski J, editors. Wiley‐VCH, 2017:59–95.10.1002/9783527340934.ch2Search in Google Scholar

[32] Carpenter MK, Moylan TE, Kukreja RS, Atwan MH, Tessema MM. Solvothermal synthesis of platinum alloy nanoparticles for oxygen reduction electrocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc. 2012;134:8535–42.10.1021/ja300756ySearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[33] Cui C, Gan L, Li HH, Yu SH, Heggen M, Strasser P. Octahedral PtNi nanoparticle catalysts: exceptional oxygen reduction activity by tuning the alloy particle surface composition. Nano Lett. 2012;12:5885–9.10.1021/nl3032795Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[34] Gumeci C, Marathe A, Behrens RL, Chaudhuri J, Korzeniewski C. Solvothermal synthesis and electrochemical characterization of shape-controlled Pt nanocrystals. J Phys Chem C. 2014;118:14433–40.10.1021/jp5037525Search in Google Scholar

[35] Zhang N, Tsao KC, Pan YT, Yang H. Control of the composition of Pt–ni electrocatalysts in surfactant-free synthesis using neat N-formylpiperidine. Nanoscale. 2016;8:2548–53.10.1039/C5NR08362ASearch in Google Scholar

[36] Duca M, Rodriguez P, Yanson AI, Koper MT. Selective electrocatalysis on platinum nanoparticles with preferential (100) orientation prepared by cathodic corrosion. Top Catal. 2014;57:255–64.10.1007/s11244-013-0180-5Search in Google Scholar

[37] Zhang C, Hwang SY, Trout A, Peng Z. Solid-state chemistry-enabled scalable production of octahedral Pt-Ni alloy electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136:7805–8.10.1021/ja501293xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[38] Choi J, Jang JH, Roh CW, Yang S, Kim J, Lim J, et al. Gram-scale synthesis of highly active and durable octahedral PtNi nanoparticle catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Appl Catal B: Environ. 2018;225:530–7.10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.12.016Search in Google Scholar

[39] Clavilier J, Faure R, Guinet G, Durand R. Preparation of monocrystalline Pt microelectrodes and electrochemical study of the plane surfaces cut in the direction of the {111} and {110} planes. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1980;107:205–9.10.1016/S0022-0728(79)80022-4Search in Google Scholar

[40] Clavilier J. Flame-annealing and cleaning technique in interfacial electrochemistry. Interfacial Electrochemistry: Theory: Experiment, and Applications. In: Wieckowski A, editor. Marcel Dekker, 1999:231–48.Search in Google Scholar

[41] Montiel MA, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Montiel V, Solla-Gullón J. Electrocatalysis on shape-controlled metal nanoparticles: progress in surface cleaning methodologies. Curr Opin Electrochem. 2017;1:34–9.10.1016/j.coelec.2016.12.007Search in Google Scholar

[42] Climent V, Feliu JM. Surface electrochemistry with Pt single‐crystal electrodes. In: Alkire RC, Bartlett PN, Lipkowski J, editors. Advances in electrochemical science and engineering: nanopatternedand nanoparticle-modified electrode. Wiley‐VCH, 2017:1–57.10.1002/9783527340934.ch1Search in Google Scholar

[43] Hoshi N, Kagaya K, Hori Y. Voltammograms of the single-crystal electrodes of palladium in aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte: pd(S)-[n(111)×(111)] and Pd(S)-[n(100)×(111)]. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2000;485:55–60.10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00098-XSearch in Google Scholar

[44] Hoshi N, Kuroda M, Hori Y. Voltammograms of stepped and kinked stepped surfaces of palladium: pd(S)-[n(111)×(100)] and Pd(S)-[n(100)×(110)]. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2002;521:155–60.10.1016/S0022-0728(02)00687-3Search in Google Scholar

[45] Hara M, Linke U, Wandlowski T. Preparation and electrochemical characterization of palladium single crystal electrodes in 0.1 M H₂SO₄ and HClO₄ part I.Low-index phases. Electrochim Acta. 2007;52:5733–48.10.1016/j.electacta.2006.11.048Search in Google Scholar

[46] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Arán-Ais RM, Solla-Gullon J, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Electrochemical characterization of shape-controlled pt nanoparticles in different supporting electrolytes. ACS Catal. 2012;2:901–10.10.1021/cs200681xSearch in Google Scholar

[47] Susut C, Chapman GB, Samjeské G, Osawa M, Tong Y. An unexpected enhancement in methanol electro-oxidation on an ensemble of Pt(111) nanofacets: A case of nanoscale single crystal ensemble electrocatalysis. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2008;10:3712–21.10.1039/b802708kSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[48] Van Der Vliet DF, Wang C, Li D, Paulikas AP, Greeley J, Rankin RB, et al. Unique electrochemical adsorption properties of Pt-skin surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2012;51:3139–42.10.1002/anie.201107668Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[49] Shao M, Odell JH, Choi SI, Xia Y. Electrochemical surface area measurements of platinum- and palladium-based nanoparticles. Electrochem commun. 2013;31:46–8.10.1016/j.elecom.2013.03.011Search in Google Scholar

[50] Rudi S, Cui C, Gan L, Strasser P. Comparative study of the electrocatalytically active surface areas (ECSAs) of Pt alloy nanoparticles evaluated by hupd and CO-stripping voltammetry. Electrocatalysis. 2014;5:408–18.10.1007/s12678-014-0205-2Search in Google Scholar

[51] Hamelin A. Cyclic voltammetry at gold single-crystal surfaces 0.1. Behaviour at low-index faces. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1996;407:1–11.10.1016/0022-0728(95)04499-XSearch in Google Scholar

[52] Hamelin A. Cyclic voltammetry at gold single-crystal surfaces 0.2. Behaviour of high-index faces. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1996;407:13–21.10.1016/0022-0728(95)04500-7Search in Google Scholar

[53] Ke F-S, Solomon B, Ding Y, Xu G-L, Sun S-G, Wang ZL, et al. Enhanced electrocatalytic activity on gold nanocrystals enclosed by high-index facets for oxygen reduction. Nano Energy. 2014;7:179–88.10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.01.003Search in Google Scholar

[54] Yang S, Lee H. Atomically dispersed platinum on gold nano-octahedra with high catalytic activity on formic acid oxidation. ACS Catal. 2013;3:437–43.10.1021/cs300809jSearch in Google Scholar

[55] Monzó J, Malewski Y, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Rodriguez P. Electrochemical oxidation of small organic molecules on Au nanoparticles with preferential surface orientation. Chem Electro Chem. 2015;2:958–62.10.1002/celc.201500084Search in Google Scholar

[56] Nichols RJ, Magnussen OM, Hotlos J, Twomey T, Behm RJ, Kolb DM. An in-situ STM study of potential-induced changes in the surface topography of Au(100) electrodes. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1990;290:21–31.10.1016/0022-0728(90)87417-ISearch in Google Scholar

[57] Schneeweiss MA, Kolb DM. Oxide formation on Au(111) - An in situ STM study. Solid State Ionics. 1997;94:171–9.10.1016/S0167-2738(96)00587-5Search in Google Scholar

[58] Itaya K, Sugawara S, Sashikata K, Furuya N. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy of platinum (111) surface with the observation of monatomic steps. J Vac Sci Technol, A-Vacuum Surf Films. 1990;8:515–9.10.1116/1.576378Search in Google Scholar

[59] Hamelin A. Lead adsorption on gold single crystal stepped surfaces. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1979;101:285–90.10.1016/S0022-0728(79)80242-9Search in Google Scholar

[60] Hamelin A, Katayama A. Lead underpotential deposition on gold single-crystal surfaces: the (100) face and its vicinal faces. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1981;117:221–32.10.1016/S0022-0728(81)80084-8Search in Google Scholar

[61] Hamelin A. Underpotential deposition of lead on single crystal faces of gold. Part I. The influence of crystallographic orientation of the substrate. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1984;165:167–80.10.1016/S0022-0728(84)80095-9Search in Google Scholar

[62] Hamelin A, Lipkowski J. Underpotential deposition of lead on gold single crystal faces. Part II. General discussion. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1984;171:317–30.10.1016/0022-0728(84)80123-0Search in Google Scholar

[63] Hernández J, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E. Gold nanoparticles synthesized in a water-in-oil microemulsion: electrochemical characterization and effect of the surface structure on the oxygen reduction reaction. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2004;574:185–96.10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.10.039Search in Google Scholar

[64] Hernández J, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Electrochemistry of shape-controlled catalysts: oxygen reduction reaction on cubic gold nanoparticles. J Phys Chem C. 2007;111:14078–83.10.1021/jp0749726Search in Google Scholar

[65] Hernández J, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Feliu JM, Aldaz A. In situ surface characterization and oxygen reduction reaction on shape-controlled gold nanoparticles. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2009;9:2256–73.10.1166/jnn.2009.SE38Search in Google Scholar

[66] Chierchie T, Mayer C. Voltammetric study of the underpotential deposition of copper on polycrystalline and single crystal palladium surfaces. Electrochim Acta. 1988;33:341–5.10.1016/0013-4686(88)85026-6Search in Google Scholar

[67] Cuesta A, Kibler LA, Kolb DM. A method to prepare single crystal electrodes of reactive metals: application to Pd(hkl). J Electroanalytical Chem. 1999;466:165–8.10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00135-7Search in Google Scholar

[68] Fang LL, Tao Q, Li MF, Liao LW, Chen D, Chen YX. Determination of the real surface area of palladium electrode. Chin J Chem Phys. 2010;23:543–8.10.1088/1674-0068/23/05/543-548Search in Google Scholar

[69] Francke R, Climent V, Baltruschat H, Feliu JM. Electrochemical deposition of copper on stepped platinum surfaces in the 01 (1)over-barzone vicinal to the (100) plane. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2008;624:228–40.10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.09.012Search in Google Scholar

[70] Danilov AI, Molodkina EB, Rudnev AV, Polukarov YM, Feliu JM. Kinetics of copper deposition on Pt(111) and Au(111) electrodes in solutions of different acidities. Electrochim Acta. 2005;50:5032–43.10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.078Search in Google Scholar

[71] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Montiel V, Feliu JM, et al. Shape-dependent electrocatalysis: ammonia oxidation on platinum nanoparticles with preferential (100) surfaces. Electrochem commun. 2004;6:1080–4.10.1016/j.elecom.2004.08.010Search in Google Scholar

[72] Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Feliu JM, Clavilier J, et al. In situ surface characterization of preferentially oriented platinum nanoparticles by using electrochemical structure sensitive adsorption reactions. J Phys Chem B. 2004;108:13573–5.10.1021/jp0471453Search in Google Scholar

[73] Erikson H, Sarapuu A, Tammeveski K, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM. Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of cubic Pd nanoparticles towards the oxygen reduction reaction in acid media. Electrochem commun. 2011;13:734–7.10.1016/j.elecom.2011.04.024Search in Google Scholar

[74] Erikson H, Sarapuu A, Alexeyeva N, Tammeveski K, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM. Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on palladium nanocubes in acid and alkaline solutions. Electrochim Acta. 2012;59:329–35.10.1016/j.electacta.2011.10.074Search in Google Scholar

[75] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Arán-Ais RM, Solla-Gullon J, Garnier E, Herrero E, Aldaz A, et al. Shape-dependent electrocatalysis: formic acid electrooxidation on cubic Pd nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2012;14:10258–65.10.1039/c2cp40992eSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[76] Coutanceau C, Urchaga P, Brimaud S, Baranton S. Colloidal syntheses of shape- and size-controlled Pt nanoparticles for electrocatalysis. Electrocatalysis. 2012;3:75–87.10.1007/s12678-012-0079-0Search in Google Scholar

[77] Urchaga P, Baranton S, Napporn TW, Coutanceau C. Selective syntheses and electrochemical characterization of platinum nanocubes and nanotetrahedrons/octahedrons. Electrocatalysis. 2010;1:3–6.10.1007/s12678-009-0002-5Search in Google Scholar

[78] Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, López-Cudero A, Garnier E, Feliu JM, Aldaz A. Shape-dependent electrocatalysis: methanol and formic acid electrooxidation on preferentially oriented Pt nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2008;10:3689–98.10.1039/b802703jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[79] Brimaud S, Jusys Z, Behm RJ. Controlled surface structure for in situ ATR-FTIRS studies using preferentially shaped Pt nanocrystals. Electrocatalysis. 2011;2:69–74.10.1007/s12678-011-0040-7Search in Google Scholar

[80] Brimaud S, Jusys Z, Behm RJ. Shape-selected nanocrystals for in situ spectro-electrochemistry studies on structurally well-defined surfaces under controlled electrolyte transport: A combined in situ ATR-FTIR/online DEMS investigation of CO electrooxidation on Pt, Beilstein. J Nanotechnol. 2014;5:735–46.10.3762/bjnano.5.86Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[81] Susut C, Nguyen TD, Chapman GB, Tong Y. Shape and size stability of Pt nanoparticles for MeOH electro-oxidation. Electrochim Acta. 2008;53:6135–42.10.1016/j.electacta.2007.12.016Search in Google Scholar

[82] Susut C, Tong Y. Size-dependent methanol electro-oxidation activity of Pt nanoparticles with different shapes. Electrocatalysis. 2011;2:75–81.10.1007/s12678-011-0041-6Search in Google Scholar

[83] Levendorf A, Sun SG, Tong Y. In situ FT-IR investigation of methanol and CO electrooxidation on cubic and octahedral/tetrahedral Pt nanoparticles having residual PVP. Electrocatalysis. 2014;5:248–55.10.1007/s12678-014-0186-1Search in Google Scholar

[84] Koczkur KM, Mourdikoudis S, Polavarapu L, Skrabalak SE. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in nanoparticle synthesis. Dalton Trans. 2015;44:17883–905.10.1039/C5DT02964CSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[85] Monzó J, Koper MT, Rodriguez P. Removing polyvinylpyrrolidone from catalytic Pt nanoparticles without modification of superficial order. Chem Phys Chem. 2012;13:709–15.10.1002/cphc.201100894Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[86] Levendorf AM, Chen D-J, Rom CL, Liu Y, Tong YJ. Electrochemical and in situ ATR-SEIRAS investigations of methanol and CO electro-oxidation on PVP-free cubic and octahedral/tetrahedral Pt nanoparticles. RSC Adv. 2014;4:21284–93.10.1039/C4RA00815DSearch in Google Scholar

[87] Yang H, Tang Y, Zou S. Electrochemical removal of surfactants from Pt nanocubes. Electrochem commun. 2014;38:134–7.10.1016/j.elecom.2013.11.019Search in Google Scholar

[88] Zalineeva A, Baranton S, Coutanceau C. Bi-modified palladium nanocubes for glycerol electrooxidation. Electrochem commun. 2013;34:335–8.10.1016/j.elecom.2013.07.022Search in Google Scholar

[89] Zalineeva A, Baranton S, Coutanceau C, Jerkiewicz G. Electrochemical behavior of unsupported shaped palladium nanoparticles. Langmuir. 2015;31:1605–9.10.1021/la5025229Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[90] Nalajala N, Gooty Saleha WF, Ladewig BP, Neergat M. Sodium borohydride treatment: A simple and effective process for the removal of stabilizer and capping agents from shape-controlled palladium nanoparticles. Chem Commun. 2014;50:9365–8.10.1039/C4CC02747GSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[91] Naresh N, Wasim FG, Ladewig BP, Neergat M. Removal of surfactant and capping agent from Pd nanocubes (Pd-NCs) using tert-butylamine: its effect on electrochemical characteristics. J Mater Chem. 2013;1:8553–9.10.1039/c3ta11183kSearch in Google Scholar

[92] Luo M, Hong Y, Yao W, Huang C, Xu Q, Wu Q. Facile removal of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) adsorbates from Pt alloy nanoparticles. J Mater Chem. 2015;3:2770–5.10.1039/C4TA05250ASearch in Google Scholar

[93] Arán-Ais RM, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullon J, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Electrochemical characterization of clean shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles prepared in presence of oleylamine/oleic acid. Electroanalysis. 2014;27:945–56.10.1002/elan.201400619Search in Google Scholar

[94] Safo IA, Oezaslan M. Electrochemical Cleaning of Polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped Pt Nanocubes for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Electrochim Acta. 2017;241:544–52.10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.118Search in Google Scholar

[95] Safo IA, Dosche C, Oezaslan M. TEM, FTIR and Electrochemistry Study: desorption of PVP from Pt Nanocubes. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie. 2018. DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1147Search in Google Scholar

[96] Hernández J, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Characterization of the surface structure of gold nanoparticles and nanorods using structure sensitive reactions. J Phys Chem B. 2005;109:12651–4.10.1021/jp0521609Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[97] Chen Y, Milenkovic S, Hassel AW. {110}‐Terminated square‐shaped gold nanoplates and their electrochemical surface reactivity. Chem Electro Chem. 2017;4:557–64.10.1002/celc.201600307Search in Google Scholar

[98] Yang S, Park N-Y, Han JW, Kim C, Lee S-C, Lee H. A distinct platinum growth mode on shaped gold nanocrystals. Chem Commun. 2012;48:257–9.10.1039/C1CC16204GSearch in Google Scholar

[99] Solla-Gullón J, Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Surface characterization of platinum electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2008;10:1359–73.10.1039/B709809JSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[100] Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Herrero E, Feliu JM, Aldaz A. Electrocatalysis on shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles in polymer electrolyte fuel cells: science, applications and challenges. Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells: Science, Applications, and Challenges. In: Franco AA, editor. Pan Stanford, 2013:93–151.Search in Google Scholar

[101] Arán-Ais RM, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Feliu JM. On the quality and stability of preferentially oriented (100) Pt nanoparticles: an electrochemical insight. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2018;808:433–8.10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.06.015Search in Google Scholar

[102] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Montiel V, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Evaluating the ozone cleaning treatment in shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles: evidences of atomic surface disordering. Electrochem commun. 2011;13:502–5.10.1016/j.elecom.2011.02.033Search in Google Scholar

[103] Park JY, Aliaga C, Renzas JR, Lee H, Somorjai GA. The role of organic capping layers of platinum nanoparticles in catalytic activity of CO oxidation. Catal Lett. 2009;129:1–6.10.1007/s10562-009-9871-8Search in Google Scholar

[104] Aliaga C, Park JY, Yamada Y, Lee HS, Tsung CK, Yang P, et al. Sum frequency generation and catalytic reaction studies of the removal of organic capping agents from Pt nanoparticles by UV-Ozone treatment. J Phys Chem C. 2009;113:6150–5.10.1021/jp8108946Search in Google Scholar

[105] Krier JM, Michalak WD, Baker LR, An K, Komvopoulos K, Somorjai GA. Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy of colloidal platinum nanoparticle catalysts: disordering versus removal of organic capping. J Phys Chem C. 2012;116:17540–6.10.1021/jp303363mSearch in Google Scholar

[106] Crespo-Quesada M, Andanson JM, Yarulin A, Lim B, Xia Y, Kiwi-Minsker L. UV-ozone cleaning of supported poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-stabilized palladium nanocubes: effect of stabilizer removal on morphology and catalytic behaviour. Langmuir. 2011;27:7909–16.10.1021/la201007mSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[107] Herrero E, Buller LJ, Abruña HD. Underpotential deposition at single crystal surfaces of Au, Pt, Ag and other materials. Chem Rev. 2001;101:1897–930. (Washington, DC, United States).10.1021/cr9600363Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[108] Oviedo OA, Vélez P, Macagno VA, Leiva EP. Underpotential deposition: from planar surfaces to nanoparticles. Surf Sci. 2015;631:22–34.10.1016/j.susc.2014.08.020Search in Google Scholar

[109] Jiang Q, Jiang Z, Zhang L, Lin H, Yang N, Li H, et al. Synthesis and high electrocatalytic performance of hexagram shaped gold particles having an open surface structure with kinks. Nano Res. 2011;4:612–22.10.1007/s12274-011-0117-xSearch in Google Scholar

[110] Hebié S, Kokoh KB, Servat K, Napporn TW. Shape-dependent electrocatalytic activity of free gold nanoparticles toward glucose oxidation. Gold Bulletin. 2013;46:311–8.10.1007/s13404-013-0119-4Search in Google Scholar

[111] Jeyabharathi C, Zander M, Scholz F. Underpotential deposition of lead on quasi-spherical and faceted gold nanoparticles. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.10.011Search in Google Scholar

[112] Jin M, Zhang H, Xie Z, Xia Y. Palladium nanocrystals enclosed by {100} and {111} facets in controlled proportions and their catalytic activities for formic acid oxidation. Energy Environ Sci. 2012;5:6352–7.10.1039/C2EE02866BSearch in Google Scholar

[113] Solla-Gullón J, Garnier E, Feliu JM, Leoni M, Leonardi A, Scardi P. Structure and morphology of shape-controlled Pd nanocrystals. J of. Appl Crystallogr. 2015;48:1534–42.10.1107/S1600576715015964Search in Google Scholar

[114] Higuchi E, Kawai M, Chiku M, Inoue H. Synthesis and electrochemical characterization of palladium crystals enclosed by (100) facets by seed-mediated fabrication. Int J Electrochem. 2018. Article ID 7138638. DOI: 10.1155/2018/7138638.Search in Google Scholar

[115] Rodríguez P, Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Determination of (111) ordered domains on platinum electrodes by irreversible adsorption of bismuth. Anal Chem. 2005;77:5317–23.10.1021/ac050347qSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[116] Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Specific surface reactions for identification of platinum surface domains - Surface characterization and electrocatalytic tests. Electrochim Acta. 2005;50:4308–17.10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.087Search in Google Scholar

[117] Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Tellurium adatoms as an in-situ surface probe of (111) two-dimensional domains at platinum surfaces. Langmuir. 2006;22:10329–37.10.1021/la060981eSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[118] Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Electrochemical characterization of irreversibly adsorbed germanium on platinum stepped surfaces vicinal to Pt(100). Electrochim Acta. 2005;50:3111–21.10.1016/j.electacta.2004.10.086Search in Google Scholar

[119] Brimaud S, Pronier S, Coutanceau C, Léger JM. New findings on CO electrooxidation at platinum nanoparticle surfaces. Electrochem commun. 2008;10:1703–7.10.1016/j.elecom.2008.08.045Search in Google Scholar

[120] Devivaraprasad R, Ramesh R, Naresh N, Kar T, Singh RK, Neergat M. Oxygen reduction reaction and peroxide generation on shape-controlled and polycrystalline platinum nanoparticles in acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Langmuir. 2014;30:8995–9006.10.1021/la501109gSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[121] Bertin E, Garbarino S, Guay D. Formic acid oxidation on Bi covered Pt electrodeposited thin films: influence of the underlying structure. Electrochim Acta. 2014;134:486–95.10.1016/j.electacta.2014.04.111Search in Google Scholar

[122] Devivaraprasad R, Kar T, Chakraborty A, Singh RK, Neergat M. Reconstruction and dissolution of shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles in acidic electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2016;18:11220–32.10.1039/C5CP07832FSearch in Google Scholar

[123] Liu J, Fan X, Liu X, Song Z, Deng Y, Han X, et al. Synthesis of cubic-shaped Pt particles with (100) preferential orientation by a quick, one-step and clean electrochemical method. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9:18856–64.10.1021/acsami.7b04267Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[124] Liu Z, Ma C, Liu J, Chen X, Song Z, Hu W, et al. Studies on the electrochemical stability of preferentially (100)-oriented Pt prepared through three different methods. Chem Electro Chem. 2017;4:66–74.10.1002/celc.201600456Search in Google Scholar

[125] Rodriguez-Lopez M, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Tuñon P, Feliu JM, Aldaz A, et al. Electrochemical reactivity of aromatic molecules at nanometer-sized surface domains: from Pt(hkl) single crystal electrodes to preferentially oriented platinum nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132:2233–42.10.1021/ja909082sSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[126] Rodríguez P, Herrero E, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM, Aldaz A. Selective electrocatalysis of acetaldehyde oxime reduction on (111) sites of platinum single crystal electrodes and nanoparticles surfaces. J Solid State Electrochem. 2008;12:575–81.10.1007/s10008-007-0335-zSearch in Google Scholar

[127] Martínez-Rodríguez RA, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Cabrera CR, Feliu JM. synthesis and electrocatalytic properties of H₂SO₄-induced (100) Pt nanoparticles prepared in water-in-oil microemulsion. Chem Phys Chem. 2014;15:1997–2001.10.1002/cphc.201400056Search in Google Scholar

[128] El-Deab MS. On the preferential crystallographic orientation of Au nanoparticles: effect of electrodeposition time. Electrochim Acta. 2009;54:3720–5.10.1016/j.electacta.2009.01.054Search in Google Scholar

[129] El-Deab MS, Sotomura T, Ohsaka T. Size and crystallographic orientation controls of gold nanoparticles electrodeposited on GC electrodes. J Electrochem Soc. 2005;152:C1–C6.10.1149/1.1824041Search in Google Scholar

[130] El-Deab MS, Arihara K, Ohsaka T. Fabrication of Au(111)-like polycrystalline gold electrodes and their applications to oxygen reduction. J Electrochem Soc. 2004;151:E213–E218.10.1149/1.1723499Search in Google Scholar

[131] Arihara K, Ariga T, Takashima N, Arihara K, Okajima T, Kitamura F, et al. Multiple voltammetric waves for reductive desorption of cysteine and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid monolayers self-assembled on gold substrates. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2003;5:3758–61.10.1039/b305867kSearch in Google Scholar

[132] Cuesta A, Kibler LA, Kolb DM. A method to prepare single crystal electrodes of reactive metals: application to Pd(hkl). J Electroanalytical Chem. 1999;46:165–8.10.1016/S0022-0728(99)00135-7Search in Google Scholar

[133] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Al-Akl A, Watson DJ, Attard GA. A new method for the preparation of PtPd alloy single crystal surfaces. Electrochem commun. 2006;8:1147–50.10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.008Search in Google Scholar

[134] Moniri S, Cleve TV, Linic S. Pitfalls and best practices in measurements of the electrochemical surface area of platinum-based nanostructured electro-catalysts. J Catal. 2017;345:1–10.10.1016/j.jcat.2016.11.018Search in Google Scholar

[135] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, García-Aráez N, Montiel V, Feliu JM, Aldaz A. Selective electrocatalysis of ammonia oxidation on Pt (1 0 0) sites in alkaline medium. Electrochem Commun. 2003;5:22–6.10.1016/S1388-2481(02)00521-0Search in Google Scholar

[136] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Montiel V, Feliu JM, Aldaz A. Ammonia selective oxidation on Pt (100) sites in an alkaline medium. J Phys Chem B. 2005;109:12914–9.10.1021/jp051269dSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[137] Peng Z, Yang H. Designer platinum nanoparticles: control of shape, composition in alloy, nanostructure and electrocatalytic property. Nano Today. 2009;4:143–64.10.1016/j.nantod.2008.10.010Search in Google Scholar

[138] Chen J, Lim B, Lee EP, Xia Y. Shape-controlled synthesis of platinum nanocrystals for catalytic and electrocatalytic applications. Nano Today. 2009;4:81–95.10.1016/j.nantod.2008.09.002Search in Google Scholar

[139] Bing Y, Liu H, Zhang L, Ghosh D, Zhang J. Nanostructured Pt-alloy electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction. Chem Soc Rev. 2010;39:2184–202.10.1039/b912552cSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[140] Wu B, Zheng N. Surface and interface control of noble metal nanocrystals for catalytic and electrocatalytic applications. Nano Today. 2013;8:168–97.10.1016/j.nantod.2013.02.006Search in Google Scholar

[141] Sanchez-Sanchez CM, Solla-Gullon J, Montiel V. Electrocatalysis at nanoparticles in Electrochemistry: nanosystems Electrochemistry. Royal Soc Chem. 2013;11:34–70.10.1039/9781849734820-00034Search in Google Scholar

[142] Kleijn SE, Lai SC, Koper MT, Unwin PR. Electrochemistry of nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2014;53:3558–86.10.1002/anie.201306828Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[143] Wang YJ, Zhao N, Fang B, Li H, Bi XT, Wang H. Carbon-supported Pt-based alloy electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: particle size, shape, and composition manipulation and their impact to activity. Chem Rev. 2015;115:3433−67.10.1021/cr500519cSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[144] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM. Recent advances in the use of shape-controlled metal nanoparticles in electrocatalysis. In: Ozoemena IK, Chen S, editors. Nanomaterials for fuel cell catalysis. Springer International Publishing, 2016:31–92.10.1007/978-3-319-29930-3_2Search in Google Scholar

[145] Cao S, Tao FF, Tang Y, Li Y, Yu J. Size-and shape-dependent catalytic performances of oxidation and reduction reactions on nanocatalysts. Chem Soc Rev. 2016;45:4747–65.10.1039/C6CS00094KSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[146] Kang Y, Yang P, Markovic NM, Stamenkovic VR. Shaping electrocatalysis through tailored nanomaterials. Nano Today. 2016;11:587–600.10.1016/j.nantod.2016.08.008Search in Google Scholar

[147] Hong JW, Kim Y, Kwon Y, Han SW. Noble metal nanocrystals with controlled facets for electrocatalysis. Chem: Asian J. 2016;11:2224–39.10.1002/asia.201600462Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[148] Liu X, Li W, Zou S. Electrocatalysis of Facet‐controlled Noble Metal Nanomaterials for Low‐temperature Fuel Cells. In: Maiyalagan T, Saji VS, editors. Electrocatalysts for low temperature fuel cells: fundamentals and recent trends. Wiley‐VCH, 2017:373–99.10.1002/9783527803873.ch12Search in Google Scholar

[149] Tian N, Lu B-A, Yang X-D, Huang R, Jiang Y-X, Zhou Z-Y, et al. Rational design and synthesis of low-temperature fuel cell electrocatalysts. Electrochem Energy Rev. 2018;1:54–83.10.1007/s41918-018-0004-1Search in Google Scholar

[150] Strasser P, Gliech M, Kuehl S, Moeller T. Electrochemical processes on solid shaped nanoparticles with defined facets. Chem Soc Rev. 2018;47:715–35.10.1039/C7CS00759KSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[151] Shao M. Electrocatalysis in fuel cells: a non- and low- platinum approach. London: Springer, 2013.10.1007/978-1-4471-4911-8Search in Google Scholar

[152] Feliu JM, Herrero E. Formic acid oxidation in handbook of fuel cells - Fundamentals, technology and applications, vol. 2. Vielstich W, Gasteiger H, Lamm A editors, John Wiley & Sons, 2003:625–34.Search in Google Scholar

[153] Jiang K, Zhang HX, Zou S, Cai WB. Electrocatalysis of formic acid on palladium and platinum surfaces: from fundamental mechanisms to fuel cell applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:20360–76.10.1039/C4CP03151BSearch in Google Scholar

[154] Capon A, Parsons R. The oxidation of formic acid at noble metal electrodes: I. Review of previous work. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1973;44:1–7.10.1016/S0022-0728(73)80508-XSearch in Google Scholar

[155] Capon A, Parsons R. The oxidation of formic acid on noble metal electrodes: II. Comp Behav Pure Electrodes J Electroanal Chem. 1973;44:239–54.10.1016/S0022-0728(73)80250-5Search in Google Scholar

[156] Capon A, Parsons R. The oxidation of formic acid at noble metal electrodes Part III. Intermediates and mechanism on platinum electrodes. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1973;45:205–31.10.1016/S0022-0728(73)80158-5Search in Google Scholar

[157] Grozovski V, Solla-Gullon J, Climent V, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Formic acid oxidation on shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles studied by pulsed voltammetry. J Phys Chem C. 2010;114:13802–12.10.1021/jp104755bSearch in Google Scholar

[158] Huang X, Zhao Z, Fan J, Tan Y, Zheng N. Amine-assisted synthesis of concave polyhedral platinum nanocrystals having {411} high-index facets. J Am Chem Soc. 2011;133:4718–21.10.1021/ja1117528Search in Google Scholar

[159] Li Y, Jiang Y, Chen M, Liao H, Huang R, Zhou Z, et al. Electrochemically shape-controlled synthesis of trapezohedral platinum nanocrystals with high electrocatalytic activity. Chem Commun. 2012;48:9531–3. (Cambridge, United Kingdom).10.1039/c2cc34322cSearch in Google Scholar

[160] Xia BY, Wu HB, Wang X, Lou XW. Highly concave platinum nanoframes with high-index facets and enhanced electrocatalytic properties. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2013;52:12337–40.10.1002/anie.201307518Search in Google Scholar

[161] Lu B-A, Du J-H, Sheng T, Tian N, Xiao J, Liu L, et al. Hydrogen adsorption-mediated synthesis of concave Pt nanocubes and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity. Nanoscale. 2016;8:11559–64.10.1039/C6NR02349ESearch in Google Scholar

[162] Rice C, Ha S, Masel RI, Wieckowski A. Catalysts for direct formic acid fuel cells. J Power Sources. 2003;115:229–35.10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00026-0Search in Google Scholar

[163] Hoshi N, Kida K, Nakamura M, Nakada M, Osada K. Structural effects of electrochemical oxidation of formic acid on single crystal electrodes of palladium. J Phys Chem B. 2006;110:12480–4.10.1021/jp0608372Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[164] Baldauf M, Kolb DM. Formic acid oxidation on ultrathin Pd films on Au(hkl) and Pt(hkl) electrodes. J Phys Chem. 1996;100:11375–81.10.1021/jp952859mSearch in Google Scholar

[165] Zhang H-X, Wang H, Re Y-S, Cai W-B. Palladium nanocrystals bound by {110} or {100} facets: from one pot synthesis to electrochemistry. Chem Commun. 2012;48:8362–4.10.1039/c2cc33941bSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[166] Shao Z, Zhu W, Wang H, Yang Q, Yang S, Liu X, et al. Controllable synthesis of concave nanocubes, right bipyramids, and 5-fold twinned nanorods of palladium and their enhanced electrocatalytic performance. J Phys Chem C. 2013;117:14289–94.10.1021/jp402519uSearch in Google Scholar

[167] Kuo CH, Lamontagne LK, Brodsky CN, Chou LY, Zhuang J, Sneed BT, et al. The effect of lattice strain on the catalytic properties of Pd nanocrystals. Chem Sus Chem. 2013;6:1993–2000.10.1002/cssc.201300447Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[168] Xia X, Choi SI, Herron JA, Lu N, Scaranto J, Peng HC, et al. Facile synthesis of palladium right bipyramids and their use as seeds for overgrowth and as catalysts for formic acid oxidation. J Am Chem Soc. 2013;135:15706–9.10.1021/ja408018jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[169] Lv T, Wang Y, Choi SI, Chi M, Tao J, Pan L, et al. Controlled synthesis of nanosized palladium icosahedra and their catalytic activity towards formic-acid oxidation. Chem Sus Chem. 2013;6:1923–30.10.1002/cssc.201300479Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[170] Shao M, Odell J, Humbert M, Yu T, Xia Y. Electrocatalysis on shape-controlled palladium nanocrystals: oxygen reduction reaction and formic acid oxidation. J Phys Chem C. 2013;117:4172–80.10.1021/jp312859xSearch in Google Scholar

[171] Zhang X, Yin H, Wang J, Chang L, Gao Y, Liu W, et al. Shape-dependent electrocatalytic activity of monodispersed palladium nanocrystals toward formic acid oxidation. Nanoscale. 2013;5:8392–7.10.1039/c3nr03100dSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[172] Tang Y, Edelmann RE, Zou S. Length tunable penta-twinned palladium nanorods: seedless synthesis and electrooxidation of formic acid. Nanoscale. 2014;6:5630–3.10.1039/c4nr00299gSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[173] Chen Q-S, Xu Z-N, Peng S-Y, Chen Y-M, Lv D-M, Wang Z-Q, et al. One-step electrochemical synthesis of preferentially oriented (111) Pd nanocrystals supported on graphene nanoplatelets for formic acid electrooxidation. J Power Sources. 2015;282:471–8.10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.02.042Search in Google Scholar

[174] Zheng W, Qu J, Hong X, Tedsree K, Tsang SC. Probing the size and shape effects of cubic‐ and spherical‐shaped palladium nanoparticles in the electrooxidation of formic acid. Chem Cat Chem. 2015;7:3826–31.10.1002/cctc.201500774Search in Google Scholar

[175] Huang H, Ruditskiy A, Choi S, Zhang L, Liu J, Ye Z, et al. One-pot synthesis of penta-twinned palladium nanowires and their enhanced electrocatalytic properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9:31203–12.10.1021/acsami.7b12018Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[176] Klinkova A, Luna PD, Sargent EH, Kumacheva E, Cherepanov PV. Enhanced electrocatalytic performance of palladium nanoparticles with high energy surfaces in formic acid oxidation. J Mater Chem. 2017;5:11582–5.10.1039/C7TA00902JSearch in Google Scholar

[177] Sheng T, Xu Y-F, Jiang Y-X, Huang L, Tian N, Zhou Z-Y, et al. Structure design and performance tuning of nanomaterials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Acc Chem Res. 2016;49:2569–77.10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00485Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[178] Boronat-Gonzalez A, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Fundamental aspects of HCOOH oxidation at platinum single crystal surfaces with basal orientations and modified by irreversibly adsorbed adatoms. J Solid State Electrochem. 2014;18:1181–93.10.1007/s10008-013-2209-xSearch in Google Scholar

[179] Nørskov JK, Abild-Pedersen F, Studt F, Bligaard T. Density functional theory in surface chemistry and catalysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2011;108:937–43.10.1073/pnas.1006652108Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[180] Porter NS, Wu H, Quan Z, Fang J. Shape-control and electrocatalytic activity-enhancement of Pt-based bimetallic nanocrystals. Acc Chem Res. 2013;46:1867–77.10.1021/ar3002238Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[181] Yuan Q, Zhou Z, Zhuang J, Wang X. Pd-Pt random alloy nanocubes with tunable compositions and their enhanced electrocatalytic activities. Chem Commun. 2010;46:1491–3.10.1039/b922792jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[182] Zhang J, Yang H, Yang K, Fang J, Zou S, Luo Z, et al. Monodisperse Pt₃Fe nanocubes: synthesis, characterization, self-assembly, and electrocatalytic activity. Adv Funct Mater. 2010;20:3727–33.10.1002/adfm.201000679Search in Google Scholar

[183] Yang H, Dai L, Xu D, Fang J, Zou S. Electrooxidation of methanol and formic acid on PtCu nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta. 2010;55:8000–4.10.1016/j.electacta.2010.03.026Search in Google Scholar

[184] Xu D, Bliznakov S, Liu Z, Fang J, Dimitrov N. Composition-dependent electrocatalytic activity of Pt-Cu nanocube catalysts for formic acid oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2010;49:1282–5.10.1002/anie.200905248Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[185] Zhang J, Yang H, Martens B, Luo Z, Xu D, Wang Y, et al. Pt-Cu nanoctahedra: synthesis and comparative study with nanocubes on their electrochemical catalytic performance. Chem Sci. 2012;3:3302–6.10.1039/c2sc20514aSearch in Google Scholar

[186] Bromberg L, Fayette M, Martens B, Luo ZP, Wang Y, Xu D, et al. Catalytic performance comparison of shape-dependent nanocrystals and oriented ultrathin films of Pt₄Cu alloy in the formic acid oxidation process. Electrocatalysis. 2013;4:24–36.10.1007/s12678-012-0109-ySearch in Google Scholar

[187] Kang Y, Murray CB. Synthesis and electrocatalytic properties of cubic Mn−Pt nanocrystals (nanocubes). J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132:7568–9.10.1021/ja100705jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[188] Yu Y, Zhang Q, Liu B, Lee JY. Synthesis of nanocrystals with variable high-index Pd facets through the controlled heteroepitaxial growth of trisoctahedral Au templates. J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132:18258–65.10.1021/ja107405xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[189] Zhang L, Zhang J, Kuang Q, Xie S, Jiang Z, Xie Z, et al. Cu²⁺-assisted synthesis of hexoctahedral Au-Pd alloy nanocrystals with high-index facets. J Am Chem Soc. 2011;133:17114–7.10.1021/ja2063617Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[190] Deng YJ, Tian N, Zhou ZY, Huang R, Liu ZL, Xiao J, et al. Alloy tetrahexahedral Pd-Pt catalysts: enhancing significantly the catalytic activity by synergy effect of high-index facets and electronic structure. Chem Sci. 2012;3:1157–61.10.1039/c2sc00723aSearch in Google Scholar

[191] Jia Y, Jiang Y, Zhang J, Zhang L, Chen Q, Xie Z, et al. Unique excavated rhombic dodecahedral PtCu3 alloy nanocrystals constructed with ultrathin nanosheets of high-energy {110} facets. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136:3748–51.10.1021/ja413209qSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[192] Sneed BT, Young AP, Jalalpoor D, Golden MC, Mao S, Jiang Y, et al. Shaped Pd–ni–pt core-sandwich-shell nanoparticles: influence of Ni sandwich layers on catalytic electrooxidations. ACS Nano. 2014;8:7239–50.10.1021/nn502259gSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[193] Zhang L, Choi S-I, Tao J, Peng H-C, Xie S, Zhu Y, et al. Pd-Cu bimetallic tripods: a mechanistic understanding of the synthesis and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity for formic acid oxidation. Adv Funct Mater. 2014;24:7520–9.10.1002/adfm.201402350Search in Google Scholar

[194] López-Cudero A, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Formic acid electrooxidation on Bi-modified polyoriented and preferential (111) Pt nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2009;11:416–24.10.1039/B814072CSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[195] Chen QS, Zhou ZY, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM, Sun SG. Significantly enhancing catalytic activity of tetrahexahedral Pt nanocrystals by Bi adatom decoration. J Am Chem Soc. 2011;133:12930–3.10.1021/ja2042029Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[196] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Pd adatom decorated (100) preferentially oriented Pt nanoparticles for formic acid electrooxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2010;49:6998–7001.10.1002/anie.201002501Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[197] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Lopez-Cudero A, Solla-Gullón J, Aldaz A, Feliu JM. Pd-modified shape-controlled Pt nanoparticles towards formic acid electrooxidation. Electrocatalysis. 2012;3:313–23.10.1007/s12678-012-0094-1Search in Google Scholar

[198] Vidal-Iglesias FJ, López-Cudero A, Solla-Gullón J, Feliu JM. Towards more active and stable electrocatalysts for formic acid electrooxidation: antimony-decorated octahedral platinum nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2013;52:964–7.10.1002/anie.201207517Search in Google Scholar

[199] Busó-Rogero C, Perales-Rondón JV, Farias MJ, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, et al. Formic acid electrooxidation on thallium-decorated shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles: an improvement in electrocatalytic activity. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:13616–24.10.1039/C4CP00304GSearch in Google Scholar

[200] Perales-Rondón JV, Solla-Gullón J, Herrero E, Sánchez-Sánchez CM. Enhanced catalytic activity and stability for the electrooxidation of formic acid on lead modified shape controlled platinum nanoparticles. Appl Catal B: Environ. 2017;201:48–57.10.1016/j.apcatb.2016.08.011Search in Google Scholar

[201] Liu HX, Tian N, Brandon MP, Pei J, Huangfu ZC, Zhan C, et al. Enhancing the activity and tuning the mechanism of formic acid oxidation at tetrahexahedral Pt nanocrystals by Au decoration. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2012;14:16415–23.10.1039/c2cp42930fSearch in Google Scholar

[202] Li M, Adzic R. Low-platinum-content electrocatalysts for methanol and ethanol electrooxidation. In: Shao M, editor. Electrocatalysis in fuel cells, vol. 9. Lecture Notes in Energy. London: Springer, 2013:1–25.10.1007/978-1-4471-4911-8_1Search in Google Scholar

[203] Lamy C, Leger JM, Clavilier J, Parsons R. Structural effects in electrocatalysis: a comparative study of the oxidation of CO, HCOOH and CH3OH on single crystal Pt electrodes. J Electroanalytical Chem. 1983;150:71–7.10.1016/S0022-0728(83)80191-0Search in Google Scholar

[204] Xia XH, Iwasita T, Ge F, Vielstich W. Structural effects and reactivity in methanol oxidation on polycrystal line and single crystal platinum. Electrochim Acta. 1996;41:711–8.10.1016/0013-4686(95)00360-6Search in Google Scholar

[205] Housmans TH, Wonders AH, Koper MT. Structure sensitivity of methanol electrooxidation pathways on platinum: an on-line electrochemical mass spectrometry study. J Phys Chem B. 2006;110:10021–31.10.1021/jp055949sSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[206] Chen J, Mao J, Zhao J, Ren M, Wei M. Surfactant-free platinum nanocubes with greatly enhanced activity towards methanol/ethanol electrooxidation. RSC Adv. 2014;4:28832–5.10.1039/C4RA03446ESearch in Google Scholar

[207] Arjona N, Guerra-Balcázar M, Ortiz-Frade L, Osorio-Monreal G, Álvarez-Contreras L, Ledesma-García J, et al. Electrocatalytic activity of well-defined and homogeneous cubic-shaped Pd nanoparticles. J Mater Chem. 2013;1:15524–9.10.1039/c3ta13891gSearch in Google Scholar

[208] Kannan P, Maiyalagan T, Opallo M. One-pot synthesis of chain-like palladium nanocubes and their enhanced electrocatalytic activity for fuel-cell applications. Nano Energy. 2013;2:677–87.10.1016/j.nanoen.2013.08.001Search in Google Scholar

[209] Qin Y-L, Zhang X-B, Wang J, Wang L-M. Rapid and shape-controlled synthesis of “clean” star-like and concave Pd nanocrystallites and their high performance toward methanol oxidation. J Mater Chem. 2012;22:14861–3.10.1039/c2jm32682eSearch in Google Scholar

[210] Waszczuk P, Solla-Gullon J, Kim H-S, Tong YY, Montiel V, Aldaz A, et al. Methanol electrooxidation on platinum/ruthenium nanoparticle catalysts. J Catal. 2001;203:1–6.10.1006/jcat.2001.3389Search in Google Scholar

[211] Maillard F, Lu G-Q, Wieckowski A, Stimming U. Ru-decorated Pt surfaces as model fuel cell electrocatalysts for CO electrooxidation. J Phys Chem B. 2005;109:16230–43.10.1021/jp052277xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[212] Liu H-X, Tian N, Brandon MP, Zhou Z-Y, Lin J-L, Hardacre C, et al. Tetrahexahedral Pt nanocrystal catalysts decorated with ru adatoms and their enhanced activity in methanol electrooxidation. ACS Catal. 2012;2:708–15.10.1021/cs200686aSearch in Google Scholar

[213] Huang L, Zhang X, Wang Q, Han Y, Fang Y, Dong S. Shape-control of Pt–ru nanocrystals: tuning surface structure for enhanced electrocatalytic methanol oxidation. J Am Chem Soc. 2018;140:1142–7.10.1021/jacs.7b12353Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[214] Chen X, Cai Z, Chen X, Oyama M. Synthesis of bimetallic PtPd nanocubes on graphene with N,N-dimethylformamide and their direct use for methanol electrocatalytic oxidation. Carbon. 2014;66:387–94.10.1016/j.carbon.2013.09.014Search in Google Scholar

[215] Yin AX, Min XQ, Zhang YW, Yan CH. Shape-selective synthesis and facet-dependent enhanced electrocatalytic activity and durability of monodisperse Sub-10 nm Pt-Pd tetrahedrons and cubes. J Am Chem Soc. 2011;133:3816–9.10.1021/ja200329pSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[216] Lee Y-W, Ko AR, Han S-B, Kim H-S, Park K-W. Synthesis of octahedral Pt-Pd alloy nanoparticles for improved catalytic activity and stability in methanol electrooxidation. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2011;13:5569–72.10.1039/c0cp02167aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[217] Yin A-X, Min X-Q, Zhu W, Wu H-S, Zhang Y-W, Yan C-H. Multiply twinned Pt-Pd nanoicosahedrons as highly active electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. Chem Commun. 2012;48:543–5.10.1039/C1CC16482ASearch in Google Scholar

[218] Zhan F, Bian T, Zhao W, Zhang H, Jin M, Yang D. Facile synthesis of Pd-Pt alloy concave nanocubes with high-index facets as electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation. Cryst Eng Comm. 2014;16:2411–6.10.1039/C3CE42362JSearch in Google Scholar

[219] Zhang J, Xi C, Feng C, Xia H, Wang D, Tao X. High yield seedless synthesis of high-quality gold nanocrystals with various shapes. Langmuir. 2014;30:2480–9.10.1021/la404602hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[220] Venkatasubramanian R, He J, Johnson MW, Stern I, Kim DH, Pesika NS. Additive-mediated electrochemical synthesis of platelike copper crystals for methanol electrooxidation. Langmuir. 2013;29:13135–9.10.1021/la4027078Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[221] Qi Y, Bian T, Choi S-I, Jiang Y, Jin C, Fu M, et al. Kinetically controlled synthesis of Pt-Cu alloy concave nanocubes with high-index facets for methanol electro-oxidation. Chem Commun. 2014;50:560–2.10.1039/C3CC48061ESearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[222] Yin A-X, Min X-Q, Zhu W, Liu W-C, Zhang Y-W, Yan C-H. Pt-Cu and Pt-Pd-Cu concave nanocubes with high-index facets and superior electrocatalytic activity. Chem – Eur J. 2012;18:777–82.10.1002/chem.201102632Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[223] Luo X, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang B. Shape-selective synthesis and facet-dependent electrocatalytic activity of CoPt3 nanocrystals. Cryst Eng Comm. 2012;14:3359–62.10.1039/c2ce25088hSearch in Google Scholar

[224] Kang Y, Pyo JB, Ye X, Gordon TR, Murray CB. Synthesis, shape control, and methanol electro-oxidation properties of Pt-Zn alloy and Pt 3Zn intermetallic nanocrystals. ACS Nano. 2012;6:5642–7.10.1021/nn301583gSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[225] Zhang N, Bu L, Guo S, Guo J, Huang X. Screw thread-like platinum–copper nanowires bounded with high-index facets for efficient electrocatalysis. Nano Lett. 2016;16:5037–43.10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01825Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[226] Du H, Luo S, Wang K, Tang M, Sriphathoorat R, Jin Y, et al. High-quality and deeply excavated Pt₃Co nanocubes as efficient catalysts for liquid fuel electrooxidation. Chem Mater. 2017;29:9613–7.10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03406Search in Google Scholar

[227] Chen Q, Cao Z, Du G, Kuang Q, Huang J, Xie Z, et al. Excavated octahedral Pt-Co alloy nanocrystals built with ultrathin nanosheets as superior multifunctional electrocatalysts for energy conversion applications. Nano Energy. 2017;39:582–9.10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.07.041Search in Google Scholar

[228] Sun X, Huang B, Cui X, Feng BE, Huang X. Platinum–copper rhombic dodecahedral nanoframes with tunable channels as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for fuel‐cell reactions. Chem Cat Chem. 2018;10:931–5.10.1002/cctc.201701768Search in Google Scholar

[229] Li J, Rong H, Tong X, Wang P, Chen T, Wang Z. Platinum–silver alloyed octahedral nanocrystals as electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2018;513:251–7.10.1016/j.jcis.2017.11.039Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[230] Tang J-X, Chen Q-S, You L-X, Liao H-G, Sun S-G, Zhou S-G, et al. Screw-like PdPt nanowires as highly efficient electrocatalysts for methanol and ethylene glycol oxidation. J Mater Chem. 2018;6:2327–36.10.1039/C7TA09595CSearch in Google Scholar

[231] Li C, Liu T, He T, Ni B, Yuan Q, Wang X. Composition-driven shape evolution to Cu-rich PtCu octahedral alloy nanocrystals as superior bifunctional catalysts for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction reaction. Nanoscale. 2018;10:4670–4.10.1039/C7NR09669KSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[232] Colmati F, Tremiliosi-Filho G, Gonzalez ER, Berná A, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Surface structure effects on the electrochemical oxidation of ethanol on platinum single crystal electrodes. Faraday Discuss. 2009;140:379–97.10.1039/B802160KSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[233] Koper MT, Lai SC, Herrero E. Mechanisms of the oxidation of carbon monoxide and small organic molecules at metal electrodes in fuel cell catalysis, a surface science approach. Fuel Cell Catalysis: A Surface Science Approach. In: Koper MT, editor. John Wiley & Sons, 2009:159–208.10.1002/9780470463772.ch6Search in Google Scholar

[234] Busó‐Rogero C, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Ethanol oxidation on pt single‐crystal electrodes: surface‐structure effects in alkaline medium. Chem Phys Chem. 2014;15:2019–28.10.1002/cphc.201402044Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[235] Wei L, Zhou ZY, Chen SP, Xu CD, Su D, Schuster ME, et al. Electrochemically shape-controlled synthesis in deep eutectic solvents: triambic icosahedral platinum nanocrystals with high-index facets and their enhanced catalytic activity. Chem Commun. 2013;49:11152–4.10.1039/c3cc46473cSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[236] Zhang L, Chen D, Jiang Z, Zhang J, Xie S, Kuang Q, et al. Facile syntheses and enhanced electrocatalytic activities of Pt nanocrystals with {hkk} high-index surfaces. Nano Res. 2012;5:181–9.10.1007/s12274-012-0198-1Search in Google Scholar

[237] Zhou ZY, Shang SJ, Tian N, Wu BH, Zheng NF, Xu BB, et al. Shape transformation from Pt nanocubes to tetrahexahedra with size near 10 nm. Electrochem commun. 2012;22:61–4.10.1016/j.elecom.2012.05.023Search in Google Scholar

[238] Buso-Rogero C, Grozovski V, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullon J, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Surface structure and anion effects in the oxidation of ethanol on platinum nanoparticles. J Mater Chem. 2013;1:7068–76.10.1039/c3ta10996hSearch in Google Scholar

[239] Busó-Rogero C, Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Oxidation of ethanol on platinum nanoparticles: surface structure and aggregation effects in alkaline medium. J Solid State Electrochem. 2016;20:1095–106.10.1007/s10008-015-2970-0Search in Google Scholar

[240] Busó-Rogero C, Brimaud S, Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Herrero E, Behm RJ, et al. Ethanol oxidation on shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles at different pHs: A combined in situ IR spectroscopy and online mass spectrometry study. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2016;763:116–24.10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.12.034Search in Google Scholar

[241] Zhang J, Zhang L, Xie S, Kuang Q, Han X, Xie Z, et al. Synthesis of concave palladium nanocubes with high-index surfaces and high electrocatalytic activities. Chem Eur J. 2011;17:9915–9.10.1002/chem.201100868Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[242] Yu N-F, Tian N, Zhou Z-Y, Huang L, Xiao J, Wen Y-H, et al. Electrochemical synthesis of tetrahexahedral rhodium nanocrystals with extraordinarily high surface energy and high electrocatalytic activity. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2014;53:5097–101.10.1002/anie.201310597Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[243] Chen X, Cai Z, Chen X, Oyama M. Green synthesis of graphene-PtPd alloy nanoparticles with high electrocatalytic performance for ethanol oxidation. J Mater Chem. 2014;2:315–20.10.1039/C3TA13155FSearch in Google Scholar

[244] Rao L, Jiang Y-X, Zhang B-W, Cai Y-R, Sun S-G. High activity of cubic PtRh alloys supported on graphene towards ethanol electrooxidation. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:13662–71.10.1039/c3cp55059aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[245] Hong JW, Lee YW, Kim M, Kang SW, Han SW. One-pot synthesis and electrocatalytic activity of octapodal Au-Pd nanoparticles. Chem Commun. 2011;47:2553–5. (Cambridge, United Kingdom).10.1039/c0cc04856aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[246] Zhang J, Hou C, Huang H, Zhang L, Jiang Z, Chen G, et al. Surfactant-concentration-dependent shape evolution of Au–pd alloy nanocrystals from rhombic dodecahedron to trisoctahedron and hexoctahedron. Small. 2013;9:538–44.10.1002/smll.201202013Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[247] Rizo R, Arán-Ais RM, Padgett E, Muller DA, Lázaro MJ, Solla-Gullón J, et al. Pt-richcore/Sn-richsubsurface/Ptskin nanocubes as highly active and stable electrocatalysts for the ethanol oxidation reaction. J Am Chem Soc. 2018;140:3791–7.10.1021/jacs.8b00588Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[248] Erini N, Beermann V, Gocyla M, Gliech M, Heggen M, Dunin‐Borkowski RE, et al. The effect of surface site ensembles on the activity and selectivity of ethanol electrooxidation by octahedral PtNiRh nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2017;56:6533–8.10.1002/anie.201702332Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[249] Wang P, Lin X, Yang B, Jin JM, Hardacre C, Yu NF, et al. Activity enhancement of tetrahexahedral Pd nanocrystals by Bi decoration towards ethanol electrooxidation in alkaline media. Electrochim Acta. 2015;162:290–9.10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.177Search in Google Scholar

[250] Busó-Rogero C, Solla-Gullón J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Adatom modified shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles towards ethanol oxidation. Electrochim Acta. 2016;196:270–9.10.1016/j.electacta.2016.02.171Search in Google Scholar

[251] Xing W, Yin G, Zhang J. Rotating electrode methods and oxygen reduction electrocatalysts. Elsevier Science, 2014.Search in Google Scholar

[252] Katsounaros I, Cherevko S, Zeradjanin AR, Mayrhofer KJ. Oxygen electrochemistry as a cornerstone for sustainable energy conversion. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2014;53:102–21.10.1002/anie.201306588Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[253] Guo S, Zhang S, Sun S. Tuning nanoparticle catalysis for the oxygen reduction reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2013;52:8526–44.10.1002/anie.201207186Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[254] Lee J, Jeong B, Ocon JD. Oxygen electrocatalysis in chemical energy conversion and storage technologies. Curr Appl Phys. 2013;13:309–21.10.1016/j.cap.2012.08.008Search in Google Scholar

[255] Wu J, Yang H. Platinum-based oxygen reduction electrocatalysts. Acc Chem Res. 2013;46:1848–57.10.1021/ar300359wSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[256] Maciá MD, Campina JM, Herrero E, Feliu JM. On the kinetics of oxygen reduction on platinum stepped surfaces in acidic media. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2004;564:141–50.10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.09.035Search in Google Scholar

[257] Kuzume A, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Oxygen reduction on stepped platinum surfaces in acidic media. J Electroanalytical Chem. 2007;599:333–43.10.1016/j.jelechem.2006.05.006Search in Google Scholar

[258] Gómez-Marín AM, Rizo R, Feliu JM. Oxygen reduction reaction at Pt single crystals: a critical overview. Catalysis Sci Technol. 2014;4:1685–98.10.1039/c3cy01049jSearch in Google Scholar

[259] Bandarenka AS, Hansen HA, Rossmeisl J, Stephens IE. Elucidating the activity of stepped Pt single crystals for oxygen reduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:13625–9.10.1039/c4cp00260aSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[260] Briega-Martos V, Herrero E, Feliu JM. Effect of pH and water structure on the oxygen reduction reaction on platinum electrodes. Electrochim Acta. 2017;241:497–509.10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.162Search in Google Scholar

[261] Inaba M, Ando M, Hatanaka A, Nomoto A, Matsuzawa K, Tasaka A, et al. Controlled growth and shape formation of platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical properties. Electrochim Acta. 2006;52:1632–8.10.1016/j.electacta.2006.03.094Search in Google Scholar

[262] Sanchez-Sanchez CM, Solla-Gullon J, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Aldaz A, Montiel V, Herrero E. Imaging structure sensitive catalysis on different shape-controlled platinum nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2010;132:5622–4.10.1021/ja100922hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[263] Tripković V, Cerri I, Bligaard T, Rossmeisl J. The influence of particle shape and size on the activity of platinum nanoparticles for oxygen reduction reaction: A density functional theory study. Catal Lett. 2014;144:380–8.10.1007/s10562-013-1188-ySearch in Google Scholar

[264] Xiao L, Zhuang L, Liu Y, Lu J, Abruña HD. Activating Pd by morphology tailoring for oxygen reduction. J Am Chem Soc. 2008;131:602–8.10.1021/ja8063765Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[265] Shao M, Yu T, Odell JH, Jin M, Xia Y. Structural dependence of oxygen reduction reaction on palladium nanocrystals. Chem Commun. 2011;47:6566–8.10.1039/c1cc11004gSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[266] Lee C-L, Chiou H-P, Liu C-R. Palladium nanocubes enclosed by (100) planes as electrocatalyst for alkaline oxygen electroreduction. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2012;37:3993–7.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.11.118Search in Google Scholar

[267] Zhang H, Jin M, Xiong Y, Lim B, Xia Y. Shape-controlled synthesis of Pd nanocrystals and their catalytic applications. Acc Chem Res. 2012;46:1783–94.10.1021/ar300209wSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[268] Shao M. Palladium-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in electrocatalysis in fuel cells, vol. 9. Lecture Notes in Energy Shao M. editor. Springer, 2013:513–31.10.1007/978-1-4471-4911-8_17Search in Google Scholar

[269] Lim B, Jiang M, Camargo PH, Cho EC, Tao J, Lu X, et al. Pd-Pt bimetallic nanodendrites with high activity for oxygen reduction. Science. 2009;324:1302–5.10.1126/science.1170377Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[270] Oezaslan M, Hasché F, Strasser P. Pt-based core-shell catalyst architectures for oxygen fuel cell electrodes. J Phys Chem Lett. 2013;4:3273–91.10.1021/jz4014135Search in Google Scholar

[271] Gan L, Cui C, Rudi S, Strasser P. Core-shell and nanoporous particle architectures and their effect on the activity and stability of Pt ORR electrocatalysts. Top Catal. 2014;57:236–44.10.1007/s11244-013-0178-zSearch in Google Scholar

[272] Li D, Wang C, Strmcnik DS, Tripkovic DV, Sun X, Kang Y, et al. Functional links between Pt single crystal morphology and nanoparticles with different size and shape: the oxygen reduction reaction case. Energy Environ Sci. 2014.10.1039/C4EE01564ASearch in Google Scholar

[273] Stamenkovic VR, Fowler B, Mun BS, Wang GF, Ross PN, Lucas CA, et al. Improved oxygen reduction activity on Pt₃Ni(111) via increased surface site availability. Science. 2007;315:493–7.10.1126/science.1135941Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[274] Gasteiger HA, Markovic NM. Just a dream or future reality? Science. 2009;324:48–9.10.1126/science.1172083Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[275] Zhang J, Yang H, Fang J, Zou S. Synthesis and oxygen reduction activity of shape-controlled Pt₃Ni nanopolyhedra. Nano Lett. 2010;10:638–44.10.1021/nl903717zSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[276] Strasser P. Catalysts by platonic design. Science. 2015;349:379–80.10.1126/science.aac7861Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[277] Mistry H, Varela AS, Kühl S, Strasser P, Cuenya BR. Nanostructured electrocatalysts with tunable activity and selectivity. Nat Rev Mater. 2016;1. Article number: 16009. DOI: 10.1038/natrevmats.2016.9.Search in Google Scholar

[278] Hori Y, Murata A, Takahashi R. Formation of hydrocarbons in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide at a copper electrode in aqueous solution. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans I: Phys Chem Condens Phases. 1989;85:2309–26.10.1039/f19898502309Search in Google Scholar

[279] Kortlever R, Shen J, Schouten KJ, Calle-Vallejo F, Koper MT. Catalysts and reaction pathways for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. J Phys Chem Lett. 2015;6:4073–82.10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01559Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[280] Gupta N, Gattrell M, Macdougall B. Calculation for the cathode surface concentrations in the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ in KHCO₃ solutions. J Appl Electrochemistry. 2006;36:161–72.10.1007/s10800-005-9058-ySearch in Google Scholar

[281] Varela AS, Ju W, Reier T, Strasser P. Tuning the catalytic activity and selectivity of Cu for CO₂ eletroreduction in the presence of halides. ACS Catal. 2016;6:2136–44.10.1021/acscatal.5b02550Search in Google Scholar

[282] Varela AS, Kroschel M, Reier T, Strasser P. Controlling the selectivity of CO₂ electroreduction on copper: the effect of the electrolyte concentration and the importance of the local pH. Catalysis Today. 2016;260:8–13.10.1016/j.cattod.2015.06.009Search in Google Scholar

[283] Azuma M, Hashimoto K, Hiramoto M, Watanabeand M, Sakata T. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide on various metal electrodes in low-temperature aqueous KHCO₃ media. J Electrochem Soc. 1990;137:1772–8.10.1149/1.2086796Search in Google Scholar

[284] Hori Y, Wakebe H, Tsukamoto T, Koga O. Electrocatalytic process of CO selectivity in electrochemical reduction of CO₂ at metal electrodes in aqueous media. Electrochim Acta. 1994;39:1833–9.10.1016/0013-4686(94)85172-7Search in Google Scholar

[285] Hori Y. Electrochemical CO₂ reduction on metal electrodes. In: Modern aspects of electrochemistry, vol. 42. New York: Springer, 2008:89–189.10.1007/978-0-387-49489-0_3Search in Google Scholar

[286] Durand WJ, Peterson AA, Studt F, Abild-Pedersen F, Nørskov JK. Structure effects on the energetics of the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ by copper surfaces. Surf Sci. 2011;605(15-16:1354–9.10.1016/j.susc.2011.04.028Search in Google Scholar

[287] Kuhl KP, Hatsukade T, Cave ER, Abram DN, Kibsgaard J, Jaramillo TF. Electrocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide to methane and methanol on transition metal surfaces. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136:14107–13.10.1021/ja505791rSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[288] Qiao J, Liu Y, Zhan J. Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide: fundamentals and technologies. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, 2016.10.1201/b20177Search in Google Scholar

[289] Kuhl KP, Cave ER, Abram DN, Jaramillo TF. New insights into the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide on metallic copper surfaces. Energy Environ Sci. 2012;5:7050–9.10.1039/c2ee21234jSearch in Google Scholar

[290] Reske R, Mistry H, Behafarid F, Cuenya BR, Strasser P. Particle size effects in the catalytic electroreduction of CO₂ on Cu nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136:6978–86.10.1021/ja500328kSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[291] Kas R, Kortlever R, Milbrat A, Koper MT, Mul G, Baltrusaitis J. Electrochemical CO₂ reduction on Cu₂O-derived copper nanoparticles: controlling the catalytic selectivity of hydrocarbons. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:12194–201.10.1039/C4CP01520GSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[292] Huang Y, Handoko AD, Hirunsit P, Yeo BS. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ using copper single-crystal surfaces: effects of CO* coverage on the selective formation of ethylene. ACS Catal. 2017;7:1749−1756.10.1021/acscatal.6b03147Search in Google Scholar

[293] Chen CS, Handoko AD, Wan JH, Ma L, Ren D, Yeo BS. Stable and selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene on copper mesocrystals. Catal Sci Technol. 2015;5:161–8.10.1039/C4CY00906ASearch in Google Scholar

[294] Roberts FS, Kuhl KP, Nilsson A. High selectivity for ethylene from carbon dioxide reduction over copper nanocube electrocatalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2015;54:5179–82.10.1002/anie.201412214Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[295] Eilert A, Roberts FS, Friebel D, Nilsson A. Formation of copper catalysts for CO₂ reduction with high ethylene/methane product ratio investigated with in situ X ray absorption spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett. 2016;7:1466–70.10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00367Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[296] Kwon Y, Lum Y, Clark EL, Ager JW, Bell AT. CO₂ electroreduction with enhanced ethylene and ethanol selectivity by nanostructuring polycrystalline copper. Chem Electro Chem. 2016;3:1012–9.10.1002/celc.201600068Search in Google Scholar

[297] Gao D, Zegkinoglou I, Divins NJ, Scholten F, Sinev I, Grosse P, et al. Plasma-activated copper nanocube catalysts for efficient carbon dioxide electroreduction to hydrocarbons and alcohols. ACS Nano. 2017;11:4825–31.10.1021/acsnano.7b01257Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[298] Loiudice A, Lobaccaro P, Kamali EA, Thao T, Huang BH, Ager JW, et al. Tailoring copper nanocrystals towards C2 products in electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2016;55:5789–92.10.1002/anie.201601582Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[299] Jeon HS, Kunze S, Scholten F, Cuenya BR. Prism-shaped Cu nanocatalysts for electrochemical CO₂ reduction to ethylene. ACS Catal. 2018;8:531–5.10.1021/acscatal.7b02959Search in Google Scholar

[300] Ma M, Djanashvili K, Smith WA. Selective electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to CO on CuO-derived Cu nanowires. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2015;17:20861–7.10.1039/C5CP03559GSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[301] Raciti D, Livi KJ, Wang C. Highly dense Cu nanowires for low-overpotential CO₂ reduction. NanoLett. 2015;15:6829–35.10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03298Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[302] Ma M, Djanashvili K, Smith WA. Controllable hydrocarbon formation from the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ over Cu nanowire arrays. 2016;55:6680–4.10.1002/anie.201601282Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[303] Chung J, Won DH, Koh J, Kim E-H, Woo SI. Hierarchical Cu pillar electrodes for electrochemical CO₂ reduction to formic acid with low overpotential. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2016;18:6252–8.10.1039/C5CP07964KSearch in Google Scholar

[304] Sen S, Liu D, Palmore GT. Electrochemical reduction of CO₂ at copper nanofoams. ACS Catal. 2014;4:3091–5.10.1021/cs500522gSearch in Google Scholar

[305] Liu S, Tao H, Zeng L, Liu Q, Xu Z, Liu Q, et al. Shape-dependent electrocatalytic reduction of CO₂ to CO on triangular silver nanoplates. J Am Chem Soc. 2017;139:2160–3.10.1021/jacs.6b12103Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[306] Peng X, Karakalos SG, Mustain WE. Preferentially oriented Ag nanocrystals with extremely high activity and faradaic efficiency for CO₂ electrochemical reduction to CO. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018;10:1734–42.10.1021/acsami.7b16164Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[307] Hsieh Y-C, Senanayake SD, Zhang Y, Xu W, Polyansky DE. Effect of chloride anions on the synthesis and enhanced catalytic activity of silver nanocoral electrodes for CO₂ electroreduction. ACS Catal. 2015;5:5349–56.10.1021/acscatal.5b01235Search in Google Scholar

[308] Lu Q, Rosen J, Zhou Y, Hutchings GS, Kimmel YC, Chen JG, et al. A selective and efficient electrocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3242.10.1038/ncomms4242Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[309] Klinkova A, De Luna P, Dinh C-T, Voznyy O, Larin EM, Kumacheva E, et al. Rational design of efficient palladium catalysts for electroreduction of carbon dioxide to formate. ACS Catal. 2016;6:8115–20.10.1021/acscatal.6b01719Search in Google Scholar

[310] Gao D, Zhou H, Cai F, Wang J, Wang G, Bao X. Pd-Containing nanostructures for electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction. ACS Catal. 2018;8:1510–9.10.1021/acscatal.7b03612Search in Google Scholar

[311] Huang H, Jia H, Liu Z, Gao P, Zhao J, Luo Z, et al. Understanding of strain effects in the electrochemical reduction of CO₂: using Pd Nanostructures as an Ideal Platform. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2017;56:3594–8.10.1002/anie.201612617Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[312] Rosen J, Hutchings GS, Lu Q, Forest RV, Moore A, Jiao F. Electrodeposited Zn dendrites with enhanced CO selectivity for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. ACS Catal. 2015;5:4586–91.10.1021/acscatal.5b00922Search in Google Scholar

[313] Won DH, Shin H, Koh J, Chung J, Lee HS, Kim H, et al. Highly efficient, selective, and stable CO₂ electroreduction on a hexagonal Zn catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2016;55:9297–300.10.1002/anie.201602888Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[314] Zhong H, Qiu Y, Zhang T, Li X, Zhang H, Chen X. Bismuth nanodendrites as a high performance electrocatalyst for selective conversion of CO₂ to formate. J Mater Chem. 2016;4:13746–53.10.1039/C6TA06202DSearch in Google Scholar

[315] Koh JH, Won DH, Eom T, Kim N-K, Jung KD, Kim H, et al. Facile CO₂ electro-reduction to formate via oxygen bidentate intermediate stabilized by high-index planes of Bi dendrite catalyst. ACS Catal. 2017;7:5071–7.10.1021/acscatal.7b00707Search in Google Scholar

[316] Kim S, Dong WJ, Gim S, Sohn W, Park JY, Yoo CJ, et al. Shape-controlled bismuth nanoflakes as highly selective catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction to formate. 2017;39:44–52.10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.05.065Search in Google Scholar

[317] Zhang Z, Chi M, Veith GM, Zhang P, Lutterman DA, Rosenthal J, et al. Rational design of Bi nanoparticles for efficient electrochemical CO₂ reduction: the elucidation of size and surface condition effects. ACS Catal. 2016;6:6255–64.10.1021/acscatal.6b01297Search in Google Scholar

[318] Zhu W, Zhang Y-J, Zhang H, Lv H, Li Q, Michalsky R, et al. Active and selective conversion of CO₂ to CO on ultrathin Au nanowires. J Am Chem Soc. 2014;136:16132−5.10.1021/ja5095099Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[319] Back S, Yeom MS, Jung Y. Understanding the effects of Au morphology on CO₂ electrocatalysis. J Phys Chem C. 2018;122:4274–80.10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b10439Search in Google Scholar

[320] Lee H-E, Yang KD, Yoon SM, Ahn H-Y, Lee YY, Chang H, et al. Concave rhombic dodecahedral Au nanocatalyst with multiple high-index facets for CO₂ reduction. ACS Nano. 2015;9:8384–93.10.1021/acsnano.5b03065Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[321] Kim J, Song JT, Ryoo H, Kim J-G, Chung S-Y, Oh J. Morphology-controlled Au nanostructures for efficient and selective electrochemical CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem. 2018;6:5119–28.10.1039/C8TA01010BSearch in Google Scholar

[322] Monzó J, Malewski Y, Kortlever R, Vidal-Iglesias FJ, Solla-Gullón J, Koper MT, et al. Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of Au@Cu core@shell nanoparticles towards CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem. 2015;3:23690–8.10.1039/C5TA06804ESearch in Google Scholar

[323] Zhao X, Luo B, Long R, Wang C, Xiong Y. Composition-dependent activity of Cu–pt alloy nanocubes for electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction. J Mater Chem. 2015;3:4134–8.10.1039/C4TA06608ASearch in Google Scholar

[324] Zhang F-Y, Sheng T, Tian N, Liu L, Xiao C, Lu B-A, et al. Cu overlayers on tetrahexahedral Pd nanocrystals with high-index facets for CO₂ electroreduction to alcohols. Chem Commun. 2017;53:8085–8.10.1039/C7CC04140CSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[325] Zhang L, Zhao Z-J, Gong J. Nanostructured materials for heterogeneous electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction and related reaction mechanisms. Angew Chem Int Ed. 2017;56:11326–53.10.1002/anie.201612214Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[326] Zhang W, Hu Y, Ma L, Zhu G, Wang Y, Xue X, et al. Progress and perspective of electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction for renewable carbonaceous fuels and chemicals. Adv Sci. 2018;5:1700275–99.10.1002/advs.201700275Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[327] Yang W, Dastafkan K, Jia C, Zhao C. Design of electrocatalyst and electrochemical cells for carbon dioxide reduction reactions. Adv Mate Technol. 2018;1700377–97.10.1002/admt.201700377Search in Google Scholar

[328] Sahu SC, Hayes AW. Toxicity of nanomaterials found in human environment: A literature review. Toxicol Res Appl. 2017;1:1–13.10.1177/2397847317726352Search in Google Scholar

[329] Handy RD, Shaw BJ. Toxic effects of nanoparticles and nanomaterials: implications for public health, risk assessment and the public perception of nanotechnology. J Health, Risk Soc. 2007;9:125–44.10.1080/13698570701306807Search in Google Scholar

[330] Buzea C, Pacheco II, Robbie K. Nanomaterials and nanoparticles: sources and toxicity. Biointerphases. 2007;2:MR17–MR71.10.1116/1.2815690Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[331] Kaphle A, Navya PN, Umapathi A, Daima HK. Nanomaterials for agriculture, food and environment: applications, toxicity and regulation. Environ Chem Lett. 2018;16:43–58.10.1007/s10311-017-0662-ySearch in Google Scholar

[332] Lee J, Mahendra S, Alvarez PJ. Nanomaterials in the construction industry: a review of their applications and environmental health and safety considerations. ACS Nano. 2010;4:3580–90.10.1021/nn100866wSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[333] Benson JM. Safety considerations when handling metal powders. J South Afr Inst Mining Metallurgy. 2012;112:563–75.Search in Google Scholar

[334] Bussy C, Ali-Boucetta H, Kostarelos K. Safety considerations for graphene: lessons learnt from carbon nanotubes. Acc Chem Res. 2013;46:692–701.10.1021/ar300199eSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[335] Park MV, Bleeker EA, Brand W, Cassee FR, Van Elk M, Gosens I, et al. Considerations for safe innovation: the case of graphene. ACS Nano. 2017;11:9574–93.10.1021/acsnano.7b04120Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[336] Al-Mubaddel FS, Haider S, Al-Masry WA, Al-Zeghayer Y, Imran M, Haider A, et al. Engineered nanostructure: a review of their synthesis, characterization and toxic hazard considerations. Arabian J Chem. 2017;10:S376–S388.10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.09.010Search in Google Scholar

[337] Jeevanandam J, Barhoum A, Chan YS, Dufresne A, Danquah MK. Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations. Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2018;9:1050–74.10.3762/bjnano.9.98Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[338] Lee CC, Mackay JA, Fréchet JM, Szoka FC. Designing dendrimers for biological applications. Nat Biotechnol. 2005;23:1517–26.10.1038/nbt1171Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[339] Carlson C, Hussain SM, Schrand AM, Braydich-Stolle LK, Hess KL, Jones RL, et al. Unique cellular interaction of silver nanoparticles: size-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. J Phys Chem B. 2008;112:13608–19.10.1021/jp712087mSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[340] El Badawy AM, Silva RG, Morris B, Scheckel KG, Suidan MT, Tolaymat TM. Surface charge-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles. Environ Sci Technol. 2011;45:283–7.10.1021/es1034188Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[341] Albanese A, Tang PS, Chan WC. The effect of nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry on biological systems. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2012;14:1–16.10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071811-150124Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[342] Daima HK, Towards fine-tuning the surface corona of inorganic and organic nanomaterials to control their properties at nano-bio interface, 2013, PhD thesis, School of Applied Sciences RMIT.Search in Google Scholar

[343] Daima HK, Selvakannan PR, Shukla R, Bhargava SK, Bansal V. Fine-tuning the antimicrobial profile of biocompatible gold nanoparticles by sequential surface functionalization using polyoxometalates and lysine. PLoS One. 2013;8:e79676–90.10.1371/journal.pone.0079676Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[344] Chen LQ, Fang L, Ling J, Ding CZ, Kang B, Huang CZ. Nanotoxicity of silver nanoparticles to red blood cells: size-dependent adsorption, uptake, and hemolytic activity. Chem Res Toxicol. 2015;28:501–9.10.1021/tx500479mSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[345] Navya PN, Daima HK. Rational engineering of physicochemical properties of nanomaterials for biomedical applications with nanotoxicological perspectives. Nano Convergence. 2016;3:1–14.10.1186/s40580-016-0064-zSearch in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central