Impact of proximity of hard and soft segment on IR frequency of carbamate links correlating the mechanical properties of surface-functionalized fly ash–reinforced polyurethane composites
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Ankit Sharma
and
Sushil K. Sharma
Abstract
Polyurethane composites synthesized by interaction of fly ash filler with polyether polyol, cross-linking agent, and curing agent in a certain ratio. The study’s findings show that the mechanical properties of polyurethane composite are lowered by the hydroxyl moieties of surface-functionalized fly ash that are chemically or physically linked. The study also reveals that prior subjecting the samples of surface-functionalized fly ash–reinforced polyurethane composite material for destructive analysis by UTM for evaluating mechanical properties. The in-depth study of the IR spectroscopy data of the composites is done focusing onto the stretching frequency of carbonyl group of carbamate links the trend in mechanical behavior of the samples, the number of fly ash–carbamate links, and proximity of HS–SS (hard segment–soft segment) of fly ash–reinforced polyurethane composites can be foretold. By a detailed analysis of the patterns of carbonyl stretching frequencies of carbamate links, one can gain insight into the microphasic level of the separation and proximity of hard and soft segments in composites, which govern their mechanical properties. The relationships between carbamate carbonyl stretching frequencies and mechanical characteristics of composites have been found to be inversely correlated. In order to offset the excess hydroxyl group contribution due to OH-loaded fly ash, as indicated by the isocyanate (NCO) peak intensity (2,240–2,280 cm−1) in the composite’s infrared spectra, the studies were conducted at a higher index ratio (1.64).
Acknowledgments
The authors are highly grateful to the Head of the Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Kota, Kota, for providing laboratory facilities for the research.
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Research ethics: The manuscript has not been submitted to more than one journal for simultaneous evaluation elsewhere. This research has not been disclosed publicly. The findings are presented transparently, truthfully, and without any form of fabrication or improper data manipulation. The authors have diligently followed field-specific guidelines for collecting, choosing, and processing data. There is no instance of presenting others’ data, text, or theories as if they were our own; plagiarism has been strictly avoided.
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Author contributions: Ankit Sharma has done the conceptualization and methodology and written the original draft. Yogesh Paridwal, Shikha Sharma, and Ashu Rani have done the formal analysis. Shobhana Sharma has done the drafting. Sushil Kumar Sharma has done the validation. The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission
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Competing interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise.
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Research funding: This research article has not received a grant from any funding agency.
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Data availability: The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
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© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Material Properties
- Effect of hydroxy-terminated hyperbranched polymer coated separator on the lithium-ion battery performances
- Enhanced properties of Nafion nanofibrous proton exchange membranes by altering the electrospinning solvents
- Impact of proximity of hard and soft segment on IR frequency of carbamate links correlating the mechanical properties of surface-functionalized fly ash–reinforced polyurethane composites
- Effect of cellulose derivatives on crystallization and mechanical properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)
- Preparation and Assembly
- Transparent poly(methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate) for conservation of stone relics: synthesis and test
- Dry porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS): a novel method using camphor as scaffold
- Engineering and Processing
- Mixing performance in an asymmetrical non-twin kneading element channel
- Utilizing ResNet for enhanced quality prediction in PET production: an AI-driven approach
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Material Properties
- Effect of hydroxy-terminated hyperbranched polymer coated separator on the lithium-ion battery performances
- Enhanced properties of Nafion nanofibrous proton exchange membranes by altering the electrospinning solvents
- Impact of proximity of hard and soft segment on IR frequency of carbamate links correlating the mechanical properties of surface-functionalized fly ash–reinforced polyurethane composites
- Effect of cellulose derivatives on crystallization and mechanical properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)
- Preparation and Assembly
- Transparent poly(methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate) for conservation of stone relics: synthesis and test
- Dry porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS): a novel method using camphor as scaffold
- Engineering and Processing
- Mixing performance in an asymmetrical non-twin kneading element channel
- Utilizing ResNet for enhanced quality prediction in PET production: an AI-driven approach
