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Enhanced visible photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by ultrasound-assisted prepared C and N co-doping TiO2

  • Jia Wang , Yixuan Duan , Mingjie Huang , Xiaohui Wu and Tao Zhou ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: March 5, 2025
Pure and Applied Chemistry
From the journal Pure and Applied Chemistry Volume 97 Issue 6

Abstract

In this study, carbon and nitrogen co-doped TiO2 nanocomposites (C–N–TiO2) were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal and low temperature calcination method with ultrasound (US) assistance for photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac (DCF). It was found that the introduction of US at two particular synthesis steps would obviously improve the photocatalytic properties of C–N–TiO2. Characterizations indicated the enhancement was owing to the integrative effects of the holonomic crystal structure and special morphology properties. Under LED visible light irradiation of 450 nm wavelength, C–N–TiO2 could achieve excellent degradation rate of 97 % at 3 h with dosage of 0.4 g L−1. The role of full-process sonication to affect the properties of C–N–TiO2 was also revealed. The result of this study is expected to provide a feasible and easy way to improve the ability of semiconductor catalysts for water purification.

Keywords: Catalyst; diclofenac; ICYC 2024; photocatalysis; ultrasound; visible light
Corresponding author: Tao Zhou, Hubei Key Laboratory of Multi-media Pollution Cooperative Control in Yangtze Basin, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China, e-mail:
Jia Wang and Yixuan Duan contribute to the paper equally. Article note: A collection of invited papers based on presentations at the 9th International Conference for Young Chemists (ICYC 2024) held on 9–11 Oct 2024 in Penang, Malaysia.

Funding source: Key Technologies Research and Development Program

Award Identifier / Grant number: 2023YFC3207204

Acknowledgments

The Huazhong University of Science & Technology Analytic and Testing Centre is thanked for the advanced analytic operations.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  6. Research funding: This study is financially supported by the National Key Technical Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3207204), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22376072 and 21677055), the Leading Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation of High-tech Industries of Hunan Province (2021GK4060), the Key Research & Development Program of Hubei Province (No. 2023BCB103), and the Public Service Platform of Environmental Research Facilities within the School of Environmental Science and Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST).

  7. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Published Online: 2025-03-05
Published in Print: 2025-06-26

© 2025 IUPAC & De Gruyter

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Preface
  4. Preface: 9th International Conference for Young Chemists (ICYC) 2024
  5. Research Articles
  6. Doping TiO2 with Cu from electroplating wastewater for remarkable improvement of its activity under visible light for E. coli bacterial disinfection in water
  7. Investigating the potential of prenylated and geranylated acylphloroglucinol-based xanthenones as potent soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors: a combined in vitro and in silico approach
  8. Intelligent food packaging from Ganyong starch (Canna Edulis Kerr.) modified with nanocellulose from corn husk (Zea mays) and curcumin as bioindicator
  9. Evaluation of 2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl) acetic acid derivatives as potential human hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase domain-2 (PHD2) inhibitors
  10. Microparticles zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome in chitosan modified oleic acid
  11. Enhanced visible photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by ultrasound-assisted prepared C and N co-doping TiO2
  12. Enhanced stability and permeability of graphene oxide nanocomposite membranes via glycine and diglycine cross-linking
  13. Furanyl-Chalcones as antimalarial agent: synthesis, in vitro study, DFT, and docking analysis of PfDHFR inhibition
https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2024-0346
Keywords for this article
Catalyst; diclofenac; ICYC 2024; photocatalysis; ultrasound; visible light

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Preface
  4. Preface: 9th International Conference for Young Chemists (ICYC) 2024
  5. Research Articles
  6. Doping TiO2 with Cu from electroplating wastewater for remarkable improvement of its activity under visible light for E. coli bacterial disinfection in water
  7. Investigating the potential of prenylated and geranylated acylphloroglucinol-based xanthenones as potent soybean 15-lipoxygenase inhibitors: a combined in vitro and in silico approach
  8. Intelligent food packaging from Ganyong starch (Canna Edulis Kerr.) modified with nanocellulose from corn husk (Zea mays) and curcumin as bioindicator
  9. Evaluation of 2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl) acetic acid derivatives as potential human hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylase domain-2 (PHD2) inhibitors
  10. Microparticles zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet rhizome in chitosan modified oleic acid
  11. Enhanced visible photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac by ultrasound-assisted prepared C and N co-doping TiO2
  12. Enhanced stability and permeability of graphene oxide nanocomposite membranes via glycine and diglycine cross-linking
  13. Furanyl-Chalcones as antimalarial agent: synthesis, in vitro study, DFT, and docking analysis of PfDHFR inhibition
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