Dynamic-head space GC-MS analysis of volatile odorous compounds generated from unbleached and bleached pulps and effects on strength properties during ageing
Abstract
Mixed hardwood unbleached (UB) and final bleached (FB) pulp along with the pulp of intermediate bleaching stages from an integrated paper mill have been undertaken for this study. Headspace GC-MS analysis of these pulps was made to identify the odorous compounds which are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), generated during ageing for 60 days. The result showed that a number of pre-generated VOCs such as aliphatic hydrocarbons and aldehydes are observed in the pulp sample which might be came from the process and it has been observed that upon ageing at ambient conditions, some acid functionalized VOC were generated in the pulp. The generation of these VOCs were established by ATR-FTIR analysis and the results showed that intensity of peak absorbance near 3340
Funding statement: The authors state no funding involved.
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to the head of department of paper technology, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus. The authors are also very thankful to the pulp mill supplied for pulp and the laboratory management are gratefully acknowledged.
-
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
References
Baird, P. J., Herman, H., Stevens, G. C. (2008) On-Site analysis of transformer paper insulation using portable spectroscopy for chemometric prediction of aged condition. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 15(4):1089–1099.10.1109/TDEI.2008.4591232Suche in Google Scholar
Bandara, K., Ekanayake, C., Saha, T. K., Annamalai, P. K. (2016) Understanding the aging aspects of natural ester based insulation liquid in power transformer. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 23(1):246–257.10.1109/TDEI.2015.004744Suche in Google Scholar
Buchbauer, G., Jirovetz, M., Wasicky, M. A. (1995) Nikiforov. On the odour of old books. J. Pulp Pap. Sci. 21:398–400.Suche in Google Scholar
Burgess, H. D. (1987) The color reversion of paper after bleaching. Conservation of library and archival materials and the graphic arts. London Butterworth 29:57–70.Suche in Google Scholar
Clark, A. J., Calvillo, J. L., Roosa, M. S., Green, D. B., Ganske, J. A. (2011) Degradation product emission from historic and modern books by headspace SPME/GC–MS: evaluation of lipid oxidation and cellulose hydrolysis. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 399:3589–3600.10.1007/s00216-011-4680-5Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Donetzhuber, A. (1982) Characterization of Pulp and Paper with Respect to Odor. In: The Ekman dags, Int. Symp. On Wood and Pulping Chemistry. Stockholm. IV: p. 136.Suche in Google Scholar
Dupont, A. L., Tetreault, J. (2000) Study of cellulose degradation in acetic acid environments. Stud. Conserv. 45(3):201–210.10.1179/sic.2000.45.3.201Suche in Google Scholar
Fagerlund, A., Shanks, D., Sunnerheim, K., Engman, L. (2003) Protective effects of synthetic and naturally occurring antioxidants in pulp product. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J.. 18(2):176–181.10.3183/npprj-2003-18-02-p176-181Suche in Google Scholar
Gibson, R. G. M. Autoxidation of unsaturated lipids. Academic Press, London and Orlando, 1987, 239(2):384.10.1016/0014-5793(88)80963-3Suche in Google Scholar
Hinterstoisser, B., Åkerholm, M., Salmén, L. (2001) Effect of fiber orientation in dynamic FTIR study on native cellulose. Elsevier J. Carbohydr. Res. 334(1):27–37.10.1016/S0008-6215(01)00167-7Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Kaur, D., Bhardwaj, N.K., Lohchab, R.K. (2016) Prospects of rice straw as a raw material for papermaking. Waste Manag. 60:127–139.10.1016/j.wasman.2016.08.001Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Lattuati-Derieux, A., Bonnasies-Termes, S., Lavédrine, B. (2004) Identification of volatile organic compounds emitted by a naturally aged book using solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1026(1-2):9–18.10.1016/j.chroma.2003.11.069Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Lattuati-Derieux, A., Bonnasies-Termes, S., Lavédrine, B. (2006) Characterisation of compounds emitted during natural and artificial ageing of a book. Use of headspace-solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Cult. Heritage 7(2):123–133.10.1016/j.culher.2006.02.004Suche in Google Scholar
Lindell, H. (1991) A study of odour and test originating from food packaging board analyzed by chromatographic techniques and sensory evaluation. Doctoral Thesis, Abo Academic Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Matthews, R. F., Scanlan, R. A., Libbey, L. M. (1971) J. Sci. Food Agric. 1971(48):745–747.10.1007/BF02638534Suche in Google Scholar
Peets, P., Kaupmees, K., Vahur, S., Leito, I. (2019) Reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy as a viable option for textile fiber identification. Herit. Sci.. 7(93):2–10.10.1186/s40494-019-0337-zSuche in Google Scholar
Pugh, S., Guthrie, J. T. (2000) Development of taint and odour in cellulosic carton-board packaging systems. Cellulose. 7:247–262.10.1023/A:1009222410875Suche in Google Scholar
Rapson, H. W., Spinner, I. H., Singh, R. P. (1979) Brightness reversion in bleached pulps- the bleaching of pulp. TAPPI 357-91.Suche in Google Scholar
Schenker, A. P., Singleton, F. L., Davies, C. K. (1997) The Control of Maladorous Volatile Fatty Acids in Closed, Recycled Paper Systems. Cost Action E1, Paper Recyclability. Bled, Slovenia. 97–103.Suche in Google Scholar
Setu, M. N. I., Mia, M. Y., Lubna, N. J., Chowdhury, A. A. (2014) Preparation of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Cotton and its Evaluation as Direct Compressible Excipient in the Formulation of Naproxen Tablets. J. Pharm. Sci. 13(2):187–192.10.3329/dujps.v13i2.21899Suche in Google Scholar
Shahani, C. J., Harrison, G. (2002) Spontaneous formation of acids in the natural ageing of paper. Stud. Conserv.. 47(3):189–192.10.1179/sic.2002.47.s3.039Suche in Google Scholar
Shahani, C. J., Harrison, G. (2014) Spontaneous formation of acids in the natural aging of paper. Stud. Conserv.. 47(3):189–192.10.1179/sic.2002.47.s3.039Suche in Google Scholar
Sixta, H., Weinheim: Wiley-V.C.H., Verlag, G.H., Sjoberg, J., Hoglund, H. (2007) High consistency refining of kraft pulp for reinforcing paper based on TMP furnishes. International mechanical pulping conference. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.Suche in Google Scholar
Soderhjelm, L., Eskelinen, S. Chemical properties of Fiber based- Food packages. esit. Eurofoodpack, Vienna, 1984.Suche in Google Scholar
Soderhjelm, L., Eskelinen, S. (1985) Characterization of packaging materials with respect to taint and Odour. Appita J. 38(3):205–209.Suche in Google Scholar
Strlic, M., Cigic, I. K., Kolar, J., De Bruin, G., Pihlar, B. (2007) Nondestructive evaluation of historical paper based on pH estimation from VOC emissions. Sensors. 7(3):136–3145.10.3390/s7123136Suche in Google Scholar
Strlic, M., Cigic, I. K., Mozir, A., de Bruin, G., Kolar, J., Cassar, M. (2011) The effect of volatile organic compounds and hypoxia on paper degradation. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 96(4):608–615.10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.12.017Suche in Google Scholar
Strlic, M., Thomas, J., Trafela, T., Csefalvayova, L., Cigic, I. K., Kolar, J., Cassar, M. (2009) Material Degradomics: On the Smell of Old Books. Anal. Chem.. 81(20):8617.10.1021/ac9016049Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Swoboda, P. A. T., Lea, C. H. (1965) The flavour volatiles of fats and fat-containing foods. II-A gas chromatographic investigation of volatile autoxidation products from sunflower oil. J. Sci. Food Agric. 16(11):680–689.10.1002/jsfa.2740161108Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Tetreault, J., Dupont, A. L., Begin, P., Paris, S. (2013) The impact of volatile compounds released by paper on cellulose degradation in ambient hygrothermal conditions. Polym. Degrad. Stab.. 98(9):1827–1837.10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.05.017Suche in Google Scholar
Tripathi, S.K., Alam, I., Bhardwaj, N.K. (2020) Effect of bark content in mixed hardwood chips on pulp and papermaking properties. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 35(3):325–331.10.1515/npprj-2020-0017Suche in Google Scholar
Vuorela, H., Pohjola, J., Krause, C., Hiltunen, R. (2006) Application of headspace gas chromatography in essential oil analysis. Part IX. Selective loss of terpene compounds during hydrodistillation. Flavour Fragr. J. 4:117–120.10.1002/ffj.2730040307Suche in Google Scholar
Wiik, K. (1999) Studies on odour in paper containing TCF bleached sulphite hardwood pulp. Ph.D thesis, NUST- DCE, Norway. 1–108.Suche in Google Scholar
Zhu, J. Y., Chai, X. S. (2005) Some recent development in headspace gas chromatography. Curr. Anal. Chem. 1:79–83.10.2174/1573411052948488Suche in Google Scholar
Zieglede, G. (1998) Volatile and Odorous Compounds in Unprinted Paperboard. Packag. Technol. Sci.. 11(5):231–239.10.1002/(SICI)1099-1522(1998090)11:5<231::AID-PTS437>3.0.CO;2-ASuche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Chemical pulping
- Mapping variation of handsheet properties within loblolly pine trees
- A simplified kinetic model for modern cooking of aspen chips
- Bleaching
- Bleaching of bagasse-pulp using short TCF and ECF sequence
- Mechanical pulping
- Energy efficiency in mechanical pulping – definitions and considerations
- Paper technology
- Development of ash condensation performance of paper materials via saccharides and Nano HAP application
- Effects of calcium silicate synthesized in situ on Fiber loading and paper properties
- Production of fines from refined kraft pulp by fractionation with micro-perforated screens
- Dynamic-head space GC-MS analysis of volatile odorous compounds generated from unbleached and bleached pulps and effects on strength properties during ageing
- Composite paper from an agricultural waste of bagasse sugarcane and pineapple leaf fibre: a novel random and multilayer hybrid fibre reinforced composite paper
- Paper physics
- Phenomenological analysis of constrained in-plane compression of paperboard using micro-computed tomography Imaging
- Paper chemistry
- Preparation and characterization of tung oil-rosin-based polyester internal sizing agent
- Coating
- Research on brightening modification of molecular sieves coated fly ash based on alkaline melting hydrothermal method
- Application of modified cellulose nanofibrils as coating suspension on recycled paper using size press
- Chemical technology/modifications
- Novel calcium carbonate filler for cellulose industry
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Chemical pulping
- Mapping variation of handsheet properties within loblolly pine trees
- A simplified kinetic model for modern cooking of aspen chips
- Bleaching
- Bleaching of bagasse-pulp using short TCF and ECF sequence
- Mechanical pulping
- Energy efficiency in mechanical pulping – definitions and considerations
- Paper technology
- Development of ash condensation performance of paper materials via saccharides and Nano HAP application
- Effects of calcium silicate synthesized in situ on Fiber loading and paper properties
- Production of fines from refined kraft pulp by fractionation with micro-perforated screens
- Dynamic-head space GC-MS analysis of volatile odorous compounds generated from unbleached and bleached pulps and effects on strength properties during ageing
- Composite paper from an agricultural waste of bagasse sugarcane and pineapple leaf fibre: a novel random and multilayer hybrid fibre reinforced composite paper
- Paper physics
- Phenomenological analysis of constrained in-plane compression of paperboard using micro-computed tomography Imaging
- Paper chemistry
- Preparation and characterization of tung oil-rosin-based polyester internal sizing agent
- Coating
- Research on brightening modification of molecular sieves coated fly ash based on alkaline melting hydrothermal method
- Application of modified cellulose nanofibrils as coating suspension on recycled paper using size press
- Chemical technology/modifications
- Novel calcium carbonate filler for cellulose industry