Effects of metal ions and wood pitch on retention and physical properties of TMP

Xiaomin Lu; Anna Sundberg; Anders Strand; Martin A. Hubbe

doi:10.1515/npprj-2020-0036

Article

Effects of metal ions and wood pitch on retention and physical properties of TMP

Xiaomin Lu , Anna Sundberg , Anders Strand and Martin A. Hubbe

Published/Copyright: September 24, 2020

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From the journal Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal Volume 35 Issue 4

Abstract

The influence of metal ions, Ca2+ and Mg2+, on wood pitch retention at pH 8 was studied by investigating the pitch content of TMP-papers using both short- and long-column gas chromatography (GC). The effects of two different drying methods, air-drying and freeze-drying, on pitch retention were also compared in this work. The pitch emulsion was prepared with fatty acids, resin acids, and triglycerides at a certain ratio to simulate the pitch composition in closed water system in paper mill. At increasing pH, some of the resin and fatty acids will dissolve into the water phase as metal soaps. In this work, the retention of colloidal pitch in TMP-papers by metal ions at pH 8 was determined. The amount of 5 mM metal ions was found to retain more pitch. The tensile index decreased by the addition of metal ions, and the decrease became more pronounced as the increase of the metal ions concentration. Besides, the hydrophobicity of handsheets was found being changed only a little, which might because the morphology and pitch retained on the surface both affected the hydrophobicity.

Keywords: metal ions; papermaking; softwood; TMP; wood pitch

Funding statement: Authors state no funding involved.

Appendix

Table A1

Pitch content in air-dried papers of TMP, TMP and pitch emulsion, and TMP, pitch emulsion and metal ions.

Air-dried	Unit	TMP	TMP+pitch	+Ca2+	+Ca2+	+Ca2+
				1 mM	5 mM	10 mM
Fatty acids	mg/g	0.15	0.34	0.18	1.49	1.07
Resin acids	mg/g	0.01	0.02	0.05	1.19	0.31
Neutrals	mg/g	0.28	0.27	0.90	2.51	4.44
Total pitch	mg/g	0.43	0.62	1.13	5.20	5.81

Air-dried	Unit	+Mg2+	+Mg2+	+Mg2+	+Al3+
		1 mM	5 mM	10 mM	1 mM
Fatty acids	mg/g	0.30	0.71	0.88	0.61
Resin acids	mg/g	0.23	0.54	0.13	0.17
Neutrals	mg/g	0.98	0.94	2.76	1.08
Total pitch	mg/g	1.51	2.18	3.77	1.86

Table A2

Pitch content in freeze-dried papers of TMP, TMP and pitch emulsion, and TMP, pitch emulsion and metal ions.

Freeze-dried	Unit	TMP	TMP+pitch	+Ca2+	+Ca²⁺	+Ca2+
				1 mM	5 mM	10 mM
Fatty acids	mg/g	0.28	0.50	0.27	2.32	1.65
Resin add	mg/g	0.06	0.07	0.13	1.78	0.59
Neutrals	mg/g	0.67	1.94	2.62	4.70	6.38
Total pitch	mg/g	1.02	2.51	3.02	8.81	8.63

Freeze-dried	Unit	+Mg²⁺	+Mg²⁺	+Mg²⁺	+Al3+
		1 mM	5 mM	10 mM	1 mM
Fatty acids	mg/g	0.56	1.46	1.30	0.97
Resin add	mg/g	0.46	1.22	0.19	0.30
Neutrals	mg/g	2.22	2.29	5.54	3.78
Total pitch	mg/g	3.25	4.97	7.02	5.06

Table A3

Total pitch content of air-dried papers of TMP, TMP and pitch emulsion, and TMP, pitch emulsion and metal ions, contact angle, tensile index, air permeability, thickness, weight.

	Total pitch	Contact angle	Tensile index	Air permeability	Thickness	Weight
	mg/g	°	kNm/kg	mL/min	μm	g
TMP	0.43	84.3	30.0	68.6	88.8	0.74
TMP+pitch	0.62	62.2	27.0	90.9	90.3	0.76
+1 mM Ca2+	1.13	58.7	26.0	92.2	92.6	0.74
+5 mM Ca2+	5.20	60.7	22.0	83.5	93.9	0.78
+10 mM Ca2+	5.81	72.5	21.9	83.7	93.1	0.77
+1 mM Mg2+	1.51	51.1	28.2	52.5	85.7	0.76
+5 mM Mg2+	2.18	57.2	26.7	56.4	87.0	0.75
+10 mM Mg2+	3.77	67.3	22.0	100.4	92.6	0.75
+1 mM Al3+	1.86	73.9	27.6	58.5	88.8	0.78

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Received: 2020-04-11

Accepted: 2020-08-25

Published Online: 2020-09-24

Published in Print: 2020-11-18

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2020-0036

Keywords for this article

metal ions; papermaking; softwood; TMP; wood pitch