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Effects of build orientation and hatch spacing on high-speed milling behavior of L-PBF 316L stainless steel

  • Gürkan Kaya

    Gürkan Kaya, born in 1991, graduated from Mechanical Engineering at Uludağ University, and continues his doctoral education in the field of metal additive manufacturing at Erzurum Technical University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering as a research assistant.

     ORCID logo EMAIL logo     , Uğur Köklü

    Uğur Köklü, born in 1979, graduated from Machine Training Department at Dumlupınar University, and continues to work as a professor at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering.

         , Tevfik Oğuzhan Ergüder

    Tevfik Oğuzhan Ergüder, born in 1993, graduated from Mechanical Engineering at Atatürk University, and continues his doctoral education in the field of advanced and smart manufacturing at Erzurum Technical University within the scope of the 100/2000 doctoral scholarship initiated by the Turkish Higher Education Council (YÖK).

     ORCID logo     , Furkan Cengiz

    Furkan Cengiz born in 1994, graduated from Metallurgy and Materials Engineering at Atatürk University, and continues his doctoral education in the field of smart and innovative materials at Erzurum Technical University within the scope of the 100/2000 doctoral scholarship initiated by the Higher Education Council of Turkey (YÖK).

         and Fatih Yıldız

    Fatih Yıldız, born in 1981, graduated from Mechanical Engineering at Atatürk University, and continues to work as a professor at Erzurum Technical University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering.
Published/Copyright: August 17, 2023
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 65 Issue 10

Abstract

Due to the philosophy of the process, the surface roughness is usually high for the parts produced with laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing (AM). Parts produced by this method need surface quality improvement processes for many applications. One of the methods used for this purpose is high speed machining (HSM). HSM is a modern manufacturing technique that offers several benefits, including improved productivity, enhanced product quality, and reduced production costs. In addition, HSM can improve the quality of finished products by reducing machining errors. In this study, samples produced with 316L powder in size of 10 × 10 × 5 mm using three different hatch spacings (60, 70, 80 µm) and building orientations (0°, 45°, 90°) were produced by L-PBF method, and HSM process was applied to these samples. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of porosity, microstructure and microhardness properties of 316L samples produced by L-PBF method using different hatch spacings and build orientations on cutting forces, surface roughness and burr formation in HSM. When the numerical values of the cutting forces were analyzed in both x and y directions, it was observed that the greatest cutting force occurred in the x direction. While the Fx force ranged from 6.23 to 9.35 N, the Fy force ranged from 4.88 to 8.27 N. It has been determined that as the build orientation increases at the same hatch spacing value, the cutting forces increase due to the increased porosity ratio.

Keywords: build orientation; hatch spacing; high-speed milling; laser powder bed fusion; microstructure
Corresponding author: Gürkan Kaya, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Türkiye, E-mail:

About the authors

Gürkan Kaya

Gürkan Kaya, born in 1991, graduated from Mechanical Engineering at Uludağ University, and continues his doctoral education in the field of metal additive manufacturing at Erzurum Technical University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering as a research assistant.

Uğur Köklü

Uğur Köklü, born in 1979, graduated from Machine Training Department at Dumlupınar University, and continues to work as a professor at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Tevfik Oğuzhan Ergüder

Tevfik Oğuzhan Ergüder, born in 1993, graduated from Mechanical Engineering at Atatürk University, and continues his doctoral education in the field of advanced and smart manufacturing at Erzurum Technical University within the scope of the 100/2000 doctoral scholarship initiated by the Turkish Higher Education Council (YÖK).

Furkan Cengiz

Furkan Cengiz born in 1994, graduated from Metallurgy and Materials Engineering at Atatürk University, and continues his doctoral education in the field of smart and innovative materials at Erzurum Technical University within the scope of the 100/2000 doctoral scholarship initiated by the Higher Education Council of Turkey (YÖK).

Fatih Yıldız

Fatih Yıldız, born in 1981, graduated from Mechanical Engineering at Atatürk University, and continues to work as a professor at Erzurum Technical University in the Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank Erzurum Technical University High Technology Research and Application Center (ETÜ-YÜTAM) for its support in experimental studies, and the Higher Education Council of Turkey (YÖK) for providing scholarships to Tevfik Oğuzhan Ergüder and Furkan Cengiz within the scope of the 100/2000 program.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: None declared.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Published Online: 2023-08-17
Published in Print: 2023-10-26

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  2. Microstructure and properties of argon arc cladded CoCr x FeMoNiAl high entropy alloy coatings on Q235 steel
  3. Effects of different profiled pins used in friction stir welding of Al 6061 T6
  4. Effect of Ti3O5 addition on oxide evolution for HRB400
  5. Bulge test technique and digital image correlation for the determination of the biaxial behavior of polymeric films
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  10. Round bar notch shape optimization for tensile stress concentration testing
  11. Analysis of tool wear and surface roughness in machining of AISI 4462 duplex stainless steel
  12. Effects of build orientation and hatch spacing on high-speed milling behavior of L-PBF 316L stainless steel
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https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0210
Keywords for this article
build orientation; hatch spacing; high-speed milling; laser powder bed fusion; microstructure

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Microstructure and properties of argon arc cladded CoCr x FeMoNiAl high entropy alloy coatings on Q235 steel
  3. Effects of different profiled pins used in friction stir welding of Al 6061 T6
  4. Effect of Ti3O5 addition on oxide evolution for HRB400
  5. Bulge test technique and digital image correlation for the determination of the biaxial behavior of polymeric films
  6. Effect of Cu addition on microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al–15Mg2Si composite
  7. Fracture failure analysis of an offshore drilling centralizer
  8. Influence of tool plunging rate on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welded DMR249A high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel butt joints
  9. Modelling boron diffusion for Fe2B layer formation: comparative kinetics analysis in pack-boronized AISI 4147 steel
  10. Round bar notch shape optimization for tensile stress concentration testing
  11. Analysis of tool wear and surface roughness in machining of AISI 4462 duplex stainless steel
  12. Effects of build orientation and hatch spacing on high-speed milling behavior of L-PBF 316L stainless steel
  13. Physical and chemical properties of beads glasses
  14. Effect of polyurethane matrix and steel fiber in combination with glass fiber or basalt fiber on the properties of hybrid composite laminates
  15. Calibration of photoelastic materials with the disc under diametral compression
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