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Microscopic characteristics of copper wires with short-circuit molten marks in electrical fire

  • Na Xu

    Na Xu, born in 1979, works as a senior experimentalist in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). He has deeply studied the evidence identification of electrical fire cause for many years. He has published more than 50 academic papers.

    , Ning Ding

    Ning Ding, born in 1982, works as an associate researcher in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His research interests include evidence identification of electrical fire cause and failure analysis of engineering materials.

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    , Long Liu

    Long Liu, born in 1987, works as an associate researcher of Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His main research interests are focused on engineering material failure analysis and evidence identification of electrical fire cause.

    , Fahmi Zaïri

    Fahmi Zaïri, born in 1978, works as doctoral supervisor in the Civil Engineering and geo-Environmental Laboratory, University of Lille. His main research interests are engineering material failure analysis and evidence identification of electrical fire cause.

    , Weimin Guo

    Weimin Guo, born in 1984, works in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her research interests include evidence identification of electrical fire cause, electron microscopy and engineering material failure analysis.

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    , Fuwei Li

    Fuwei Li, born in 1980, works as an associate researcher in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His field of research covers material testing, statistical analysis of data and laboratory management.

    , Nan Li

    Nan Li, born in 1982, works in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her main research interests are technical identification methods and electron microscopic analysis of electrical fire trace material evidence.

    , Linan Tian

    Linan Tian, born in 1988, works in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her main research interests are electron microscopic analysis of electrical fire trace material evidence and engineering material failure analysis.

    , Enxia Li

    Enxia Li, born in 1979, works as a senior experimentalist in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her field of research covers material testing, statistical analysis of data, and laboratory management.

    and Lizong Chen

    Lizong Chen, born in 1971, works as a senior experimentalist in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His main research interests are the technical identification methods of electrical fire trace material evidence and material phase analysis.

Published/Copyright: May 16, 2023
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Abstract

Electrical fire accidents occurred frequently all over the world in recent years, which had caused a large number of casualties and property losses. The main cause of electrical fire is electrical wire short circuit fault. Investigations of the characteristic and influence factors of the molten marks play an important role to determine the cause of fire. In the present work, microscopic characteristics of copper wires with short-circuit molten marks in electrical fire were investigated. Primary and secondary short-circuit molten marks (PMMs and SMMs) of copper wires were prepared by simulation test. The micro-morphology, microstructure and chemical composition of molten marks were observed and compared. Based on the quantitative characterization, effects of different overload currents and heating temperatures on the microstructure of molten marks were analyzed. The results would provide fundamental information for cause identification of the electrical fire.


Corresponding author: Ning Ding, Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology, No. 19 Keyuan Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China, E-mail:

Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China

Award Identifier / Grant number: Grant No. 12075127 and 52001176

Funding source: Emergency Management Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province Shandong Province Special Grant for High-Level Talents Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China

Award Identifier / Grant number: Grant No. ZR2021ME148 and ZR2021ME158

About the authors

Na Xu

Na Xu, born in 1979, works as a senior experimentalist in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). He has deeply studied the evidence identification of electrical fire cause for many years. He has published more than 50 academic papers.

Ning Ding

Ning Ding, born in 1982, works as an associate researcher in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His research interests include evidence identification of electrical fire cause and failure analysis of engineering materials.

Long Liu

Long Liu, born in 1987, works as an associate researcher of Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His main research interests are focused on engineering material failure analysis and evidence identification of electrical fire cause.

Fahmi Zaïri

Fahmi Zaïri, born in 1978, works as doctoral supervisor in the Civil Engineering and geo-Environmental Laboratory, University of Lille. His main research interests are engineering material failure analysis and evidence identification of electrical fire cause.

Weimin Guo

Weimin Guo, born in 1984, works in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her research interests include evidence identification of electrical fire cause, electron microscopy and engineering material failure analysis.

Fuwei Li

Fuwei Li, born in 1980, works as an associate researcher in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His field of research covers material testing, statistical analysis of data and laboratory management.

Nan Li

Nan Li, born in 1982, works in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her main research interests are technical identification methods and electron microscopic analysis of electrical fire trace material evidence.

Linan Tian

Linan Tian, born in 1988, works in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her main research interests are electron microscopic analysis of electrical fire trace material evidence and engineering material failure analysis.

Enxia Li

Enxia Li, born in 1979, works as a senior experimentalist in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). Her field of research covers material testing, statistical analysis of data, and laboratory management.

Lizong Chen

Lizong Chen, born in 1971, works as a senior experimentalist in Engineering Research Center of Failure Analysis and Safety Assessment, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). His main research interests are the technical identification methods of electrical fire trace material evidence and material phase analysis.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. ZR2021ME148 and ZR2021ME158), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 12075127 and 52001176), the Emergency Management Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province Shandong Province Special Grant for High-Level Talents Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Published Online: 2023-05-16
Published in Print: 2023-06-27

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