Startseite Partial support for the classical ring species hypothesis in the Chaerephon pumilus species complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from southeastern Africa and western Indian Ocean islands
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Partial support for the classical ring species hypothesis in the Chaerephon pumilus species complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from southeastern Africa and western Indian Ocean islands

  • Theshnie Naidoo EMAIL logo , Steven M. Goodman , M. Corrie Schoeman , Peter J. Taylor und Jennifer M. Lamb
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 6. Januar 2016
Mammalia
Aus der Zeitschrift Mammalia Band 80 Heft 6

Abstract

We examined phylogenetic and phylogeographic relationships (cyt b, control region, Rag2) among members of the Chaerephon pumilus species complex from islands in the western Indian Ocean, and eastern and southeastern Africa. The sampling also includes material from the topotype of C. naivashae, holotypes of C. elphicki and C. langi, and syntypes of C. limbatus, all considered junior synonyms of C. pumilus. We found that the nominate C. pumilus sensu stricto (s.s.) from Massawa, Eritrea, is specifically distinct from the following taxa/samples, all of which form part of the C. pumilus species complex defined by Goodman et al. (2010):C. pumilus from southeastern Africa, the syntype of C. limbatus, the holotypes of C. elphicki and C. langi, and the topotype of C. naivashae. The conclusions relating to the type material are based on only 57 informative sites present within the 206 nucleotides of cytochrome b sequence obtainable. Chaerephon pumilus s.s. (Eritrea and Yemen) diverged from the other members of the C. pumilus species complex about 6.24 million years ago (MYA); Chaerephon atsinanana diverged approximately 5.01 MYA from a well-supported but unresolved clade comprising subclades, which appear to have arisen between 0.88 and 2.39 MYA and include: C. pusillus (Comoros and Aldabra); C. leucogaster (western Madagascar, Pemba, Zanzibar, Comoros); C. pumilus s.l. (southeastern Africa); and C. pumilus s.l. (Tanzania). There is evidence of introgression of both C. pusillus and C. pumilus s.l. (southeastern Africa) mitochondrial control region haplotypes into C. leucogaster. Clade B1 (network 7) of the C. pumilus species complex has several attributes of a ring species, but appears to differ from this model in several aspects. We propose that a source population on mainland Africa may have migrated in two directions across the Mozambique Channel, a potential barrier to gene flow, differentiating into C. pusillus on the Comoros and into C. leucogaster on Madagascar. Chaerephon leucogaster may then have migrated to the Comoros, where it occurs in sympatry with C. pusillus, completing the ring. In support of the hypothesis, there is evidence of isolation by distance around the ring, although there is also a relatively high degree of genetic structure and limited gene flow. It appears that the island-based component species may have differentiated in allopatry, with some gene flow by over water dispersal, whereas the African mainland species may have differentiated through isolation by distance.

Keywords: Africa; Chaerephon; Comoros; Madagascar; mitochondrial; taxonomy
Corresponding author: Theshnie Naidoo, School of Life Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University Road, Westville, Durban 3630, South Africa, e-mail:

Acknowledgments

Fieldwork for this study was supported by grants from The Council on Africa of the Field Museum of Natural History, Conservation International (CABS), Fondation Française pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, The John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation and the Volkswagen Foundation; genetic analyses were financed by the latter organization. On Madagascar, we are grateful to the Direction des Eaux et Forêts and Madagascar National Parks and on Aldabra, The Seychelles Island Foundation and Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Transport, Division of Nature Conservation for issuing permits to conduct faunal surveys and aid in numerous ways. For assistance in the field, we thank Eddy Rakotonandrasana, Julie Ranivo, Jirot Rakotomavo, Beza Ramasindrazana, Jacobin Ranaivo and Fanja Ratrimomanarivo on Madagascar; Manuel Ruedi, Nicole Weyeneth, and Yahaya Ibrahim in the Comoros; Ara Monadjem and Erwan Lagadec on Mozambique Island; and Gérard Rocamora and Vincent Robert on Aldabra. We are grateful to Teresa Kearny at the Ditsong Museum for access to holotype material used in the analyses. We thank the Associate Editor of Mammalia and the reviewers for their comments and suggestions.

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Supplemental Material

The online version of this article (DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2015-0062) offers supplementary material, available to authorized users.

Received: 2015-4-6
Accepted: 2015-10-29
Published Online: 2016-1-6
Published in Print: 2016-11-1

©2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Studies
  3. The mammals of Mt. Amuyao: a richly endemic fauna in the Central Cordillera of northern Luzon Island, Philippines
  4. Social organization and demography of reintroduced Dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas neglecta) in North Ferlo Fauna Reserve, Senegal
  5. Reproductive characteristics of the water chevrotain, Hyemoschus aquaticus
  6. First data on the presence and diet of common genet (Genetta genetta, Linnaeus 1758) in the Ebro Delta (NE Iberian Peninsula)
  7. Band size, activity pattern and occupancy of the coati Nasua narica (Carnivora, Procyonidae) in the Southeastern Mexican rainforest
  8. Partial support for the classical ring species hypothesis in the Chaerephon pumilus species complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from southeastern Africa and western Indian Ocean islands
  9. Recording at water bodies increases the efficiency of a survey of temperate bats with stationary, automated detectors
  10. Effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed color and hardness genes on the consumption preference of the house mouse (Mus musculus L.)
  11. Short Notes
  12. New records of Isothrix (Wagner 1845) (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from Ecuador
  13. Notes on the distribution of the genus Andalgalomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae), with the first record of A. pearsoni (Myers 1978) from Argentina
  14. Reviewer acknowledgement Mammalia volume 80 (2016)
https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2015-0062
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Africa; Chaerephon; Comoros; Madagascar; mitochondrial; taxonomy

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Original Studies
  3. The mammals of Mt. Amuyao: a richly endemic fauna in the Central Cordillera of northern Luzon Island, Philippines
  4. Social organization and demography of reintroduced Dorcas gazelle (Gazella dorcas neglecta) in North Ferlo Fauna Reserve, Senegal
  5. Reproductive characteristics of the water chevrotain, Hyemoschus aquaticus
  6. First data on the presence and diet of common genet (Genetta genetta, Linnaeus 1758) in the Ebro Delta (NE Iberian Peninsula)
  7. Band size, activity pattern and occupancy of the coati Nasua narica (Carnivora, Procyonidae) in the Southeastern Mexican rainforest
  8. Partial support for the classical ring species hypothesis in the Chaerephon pumilus species complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae) from southeastern Africa and western Indian Ocean islands
  9. Recording at water bodies increases the efficiency of a survey of temperate bats with stationary, automated detectors
  10. Effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed color and hardness genes on the consumption preference of the house mouse (Mus musculus L.)
  11. Short Notes
  12. New records of Isothrix (Wagner 1845) (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from Ecuador
  13. Notes on the distribution of the genus Andalgalomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae), with the first record of A. pearsoni (Myers 1978) from Argentina
  14. Reviewer acknowledgement Mammalia volume 80 (2016)
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