Home The Systematic Unity of Reason and Empirical Truth in Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

The Systematic Unity of Reason and Empirical Truth in Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason

  • Lorenzo Spagnesi EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: September 9, 2023
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

This paper attempts a reconstruction of reason’s contribution to empirical truth in connection with Kant’s definition of truth as the agreement of cognition with its object. I argue that Kant’s treatment of truth in the Transcendental Analytic is completed in the Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic with an often neglected but compelling argument (what I shall call the Variety Argument). This argument postulates such a variety among appearances as to undermine any attempt to formulate empirical truths. Crucially, I argue that this variety does not depict an extreme scenario, but rather our own epistemic situation in the absence of reason. Reason completes Kant’s theory of truth by allowing the understanding (i) to form empirical concepts and (ii) to approximate empirical truth.

Acknowledgments

This paper has greatly benefited from discussion with and comments from Alix Cohen and Michela Massimi. Special thanks to Ido Geiger for reading an earlier version of this paper and giving me insightful feedback. Earlier versions of this paper were presented in Cardiff, Edinburgh, Leuven, and Trier – many thanks to the audiences for their stimulating questions. Andrew Cooper, Karin de Boer, Kristina Engelhard, Gabriele Gava, Jennifer Marušić, Timothy Rosenkoetter, Marcus Willaschek, and Rachel Zuckert provided helpful feedback on various points. Thanks to an anonymous referee for the encouraging and constructive remarks. All errors remain my own. Finally, I gratefully acknowledge the support of the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), research unit FOR 2495 (previous stages of this work were funded by the European Research Council and the Royal Institute of Philosophy).

Online erschienen: 2023-09-09
Erschienen im Druck: 2023-09-07

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Titelseiten
  2. Abhandlungen
  3. Die Ambiguität von begrifflichen und gegenständlichen Merkmalen in der theoretischen Philosophie Kants
  4. The Systematic Unity of Reason and Empirical Truth in Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason
  5. Sollte die Kritik der reinen Vernunft die Vollständigkeit der Urteilstafel tatsächlich (nur) „vor Augen stellen“? Allgemeine reine Logik und Transzendentalphilosophie in Kants Deduktion der reinen Verstandesbegriffe
  6. How is an Illusion of Reason Possible? The Division of Nothing in the Critique of Pure Reason
  7. Right, Morals and the Categorical Imperative
  8. Kant’s Hylomorphic Formulation of Right and the Necessity of the State
  9. Berichte und Diskussionen
  10. „Ein unbegreiflich zahlreiches Sternenheer“ – Eine Kupfertafel, ergänzend zu Kants Maupertuis-Rezeption in der NTH (1755)
  11. Buchbesprechungen
  12. Ansgar Seide: Die Notwendigkeit empirischer Naturgesetze bei Kant. [Quellen und Studien zur Philosophie 144.] Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter 2020. 417 Seiten. ISBN 9783110697131.
  13. Yibin Liang: Bewusstsein und Selbstbewusstsein bei Kant: Eine neue Rekonstruktion. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter, 2021. 297 Seiten, [Kantstudien-Ergänzungshefte Band 215.] ISBN 978-3-11-074326-5
  14. Carsten Kries: Dynamische Urteilskraft. Zur Systematizität eines oberen Erkenntnisvermögens in Kants Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Würzburg 2020. 161 Seiten. ISBN: 978-3-8260-7114-0.
  15. Kant and Animals. Hrsg. von John J. Callanan und Lucy Allais. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 272 Seiten. ISBN 9780198859918.
  16. Mitteilungen
  17. Eröffnung der Archivbibliothek für Post-Neukantianismus und kritischen Idealismus der Gegenwart
Downloaded on 17.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/kant-2023-2027/html
Scroll to top button