First trimester prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using plasma biomarkers: a case-control study
-
Paula J. Correa
,
Pia Venegas
Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the first trimester maternal biomarkers for early pregnancy prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Methods
The study was a case-control study of healthy women with singleton pregnancies at the first trimester carried out at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Clinica Davila, Santiago, Chile. After obtaining informed consent, peripheral blood samples of pregnant women under 14 weeks of gestation were collected. At 24–28 weeks of pregnancy, women were classified as GDM (n=16) or controls (n=80) based on the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). In all women, we measured concentrations of fasting blood glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), adiponectin, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), leptin and placental growth factor (PGF).
Results
The GDM group displayed an increased median concentration of cholesterol (P=0.04), triglycerides (P=0.003), insulin (P=0.003), t-PA (P=0.0088) and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) (P=0.003) and an increased mean concentration of LDL (P=0.009) when compared to the control group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for significant variables achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870, a sensitivity of 81.4% and a specificity of 80.0%. The OGTT was positive for GDM according to the IADPSG (International Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group) criteria.
Conclusion
Women who subsequently developed GDM showed higher levels of blood-borne biomarkers during the first trimester, compared to women who did not develop GDM. These data warrant validation in a larger cohort.
Acknowledgments
We thank the Clinica Davila and the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department and Laboratory staff for their cooperation and for obtaining, storing and processing blood samples. We specially thank Stephanie Acuña from the Universidad of Los Andes Biology of Reproduction Laboratory for processing all the samples. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the contribution of Conicyt through regular FONDECYT code 1140119.
Author contributions: Sebastian Illanes developed the original idea for the study, participated in the implementation, recruited patients and acquired the grant for funding. Paula Correa designed, coordinated and implemented the project; supervised the follow-up and evaluated the result and also wrote the report and submitted the article. Pia Venegas coordinated recruitment, interviewed and educated patients, recorded patient data, supervised sample extraction and follow-up and cooperated in results analysis. Yasna Palmeiro, Daniela Albers, Max Monckeberg and Gregory Rice participated in statistical analysis. Gregory Rice also supervised the manuscript development. Jorge Cortez, Jaime Roa, Manuel Schepeler and Eduardo Osorio recruited and followed-up patients. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: We acknowledge the funding from Conicyt CONICYT, MINSAL, Funder Id: 10.13039/501100002848. Grant Code FONIS SA133i20154.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
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©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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- First trimester prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using plasma biomarkers: a case-control study
- Emergency peripartal hysterectomy – a single-center analysis of the last 13 years at a tertiary perinatal care unit
- Efficacy and safety of misoprostol vaginal insert vs. oral misoprostol for induction of labor
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- Research Articles – Newborn
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- Ultrasound Doppler waveform assessment: the story continues
- Review
- Association between increased antenatal vaginal pH and preterm birth rate: a systematic review
- Mini Review
- Update on uterine tachysystole
- Research Articles – Obstetrics
- First trimester prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using plasma biomarkers: a case-control study
- Emergency peripartal hysterectomy – a single-center analysis of the last 13 years at a tertiary perinatal care unit
- Efficacy and safety of misoprostol vaginal insert vs. oral misoprostol for induction of labor
- Vitamin A and β-carotene in pregnant and breastfeeding post-bariatric women in an urban population
- Effect of dual tocolysis with fenoterol and atosiban in human myometrium
- Antecedents of red cell transfusion in a large contemporary obstetric cohort
- Effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in healthy mothers on DHA and EPA profiles in maternal and umbilical blood: a randomized controlled trial
- Research Articles – Fetus
- Effect of psychotropic drugs on fetal behavior in the third trimester of pregnancy
- Prognostic value of the aortic isthmus Doppler assessment on late onset fetal growth restriction
- Doppler evaluation of the fetal pulmonary artery pressure
- Mechanisms of death in structurally normal stillbirths
- The diagnostic value of a detailed first trimester anomaly scan in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency thickness
- Research Articles – Newborn
- Small for gestational age and extremely low birth weight infant outcomes
- Does heart rate variability improve prediction of failed extubation in preterm infants?
