Urinary biomarkers NG AL and beta-2 microglobulin in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
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Nimisha Sachan
,
Mukta Mantan
und
Pradeep K. Dabla
Abstract
Objectives
To study the urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and beta-2-microglobulin (β2M) levels as markers of tubular damage in children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM).
Methods
Forty T1DM children and 40 age-matched controls were enrolled. Subjects with coexisting kidney disorder, intake of oral glucose lowering drugs and syndromic diabetes mellitus were excluded. Fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), kidney function, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR), NGAL and β2M were measured and compared in cases and controls.
Results
The median (IQR) age of cases and controls was 10.6 (8, 14.2) and 10.7 (8.4, 13.7) years, respectively. Cases had disease duration of 4 (3, 6.8) years and HbA1c 10.9 (9, 13.1) %. Microalbuminuria was seen in 14 (35 %). Median (IQR) levels of UACR were higher in cases than controls [19.38 (10.27, 35.26) and 6.49 (3.10, 11.65) µg/mg; p<0.001], similarly NGAL/creatinine [352.21 (191.49, 572.45) and 190.54 (125.91, 322.83) ng/mg; p=0.006], unlike β2M/creatinine [1.7 (0.43, 6.02) and 2.12 (1.05, 4.47) µg/mg; p=0.637]. Children with higher HbA1c (≥10 %) had higher urinary ACR and tubular biomarkers than HbA1c<10 % (p>0.05). Urinary ACR showed positive correlation with NGAL/creatinine (r=0.38, p=0.019) and β2M/creatinine (r=0.42, p=0.009).
Conclusions
Urinary biomarkers NGAL and β2M were elevated in the presence of normal urinary microalbumin levels suggestive of early tubular damage in T1DM.
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Research ethics: The study was conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki (as revised in 2013). Ethical clearance: obtained before start of the study from Institutional Ethics Committee, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi (F.1/IEC/MAMC/82/10/2020/131 dated 14/01/2021).
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Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study, or their legal guardians or wards. Assent was taken from children as verbal 7–12 years old and written 13–<18 years old.
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Author contributions: AD, MM – conceptualization and planning the study; NS, AD – data collection, analysis and writing the first draft; MM, PKD – critical review for intellectual content; all authors have read and approve the contents and agree to be accountable for all aspects of work.
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Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.
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© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Diabetic ketoacidosis in youth with diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Urinary biomarkers NG AL and beta-2 microglobulin in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Diagnostic utility of the average peak LH levels measured during GnRH stimulation test
- Growth pattern, growth deceleration, and relevant predictors in girls treated with GnRHa: a retrospective longitudinal study
- Lymphedema in Turner syndrome: correlations with phenotype and karyotype
- Children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer from 1998 to 2018: a retrospective analysis
- Do body esteem and quality of life scores change with puberty signs or precocious puberty treatment?
- Applicability of the External Genitalia Score (EGS) in Indian neonates and children up to 2 years of age
- Case Reports
- New perspectives for the treatment and follow-up of glycogen storage disease type V: DL-3-hydroxybutyric acid with modified Atkins diet and quadriceps femoris shear wave elastography
- Thyroid abscess associated with transient hyperthyroidism in an adolescent girl: a rare case report and review of the literature
- Ovarian hyperthecosis in adolescent females: two case reports and a review of the literature
- A novel variant of the STAR gene: nonclassical presentation from Turkey
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Diabetic ketoacidosis in youth with diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Urinary biomarkers NG AL and beta-2 microglobulin in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Diagnostic utility of the average peak LH levels measured during GnRH stimulation test
- Growth pattern, growth deceleration, and relevant predictors in girls treated with GnRHa: a retrospective longitudinal study
- Lymphedema in Turner syndrome: correlations with phenotype and karyotype
- Children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer from 1998 to 2018: a retrospective analysis
- Do body esteem and quality of life scores change with puberty signs or precocious puberty treatment?
- Applicability of the External Genitalia Score (EGS) in Indian neonates and children up to 2 years of age
- Case Reports
- New perspectives for the treatment and follow-up of glycogen storage disease type V: DL-3-hydroxybutyric acid with modified Atkins diet and quadriceps femoris shear wave elastography
- Thyroid abscess associated with transient hyperthyroidism in an adolescent girl: a rare case report and review of the literature
- Ovarian hyperthecosis in adolescent females: two case reports and a review of the literature
- A novel variant of the STAR gene: nonclassical presentation from Turkey
