Association between handgrip strength and cardiovascular risk factors among Korean adolescents
-
Kyoung Kon Kim
Abstract
Background
It remains unclear whether muscle strength, which reduces cardiovascular (CV) risk in adults, is associated with similar protection in Asian adolescents. This study investigated the association between handgrip strength and CV health in a large Korean sample of school-age adolescents.
Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adolescents aged 10–18 years (n=4,018) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey between 2014 and 2017. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer. CV risk factors include waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose or hemoglobin A1c, and lipid levels. Logistic regression models were applied with adjustment for potential confounders.
Results
The mean age of participants was 14.0 years, and 53.6% were boys. Mean handgrip strength was 30.4 kg for boys and 22.0 kg for girls. Boys more frequently had high systolic blood pressure and impaired fasting glucose, whereas girls more frequently had low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that in boys only, handgrip strength was negatively associated with central obesity and hypertriglyceridemia and positively associated with higher systolic blood pressure.
Conclusion
Handgrip strength is independently associated with some CV risk factors only in boys.
Research funding: None declared.
Author contributions: ICH designed the study and revised the manuscript; KKK and KRL performed the study, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript. Drs. Kim and Lee contributed equally to this work as a first author.
Competing of interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article.
Ethical statement: The present study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gachon University Gil Medical Center (GCIRB2020-090).
Appendix I: Cutoff values for waist circumference and blood pressure.
| Age (year) | Waist circumference (cm) | Systolic BP (mmHg) | Diastolic BP (mmHg) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boy | Girl | Boy | Girl | Boy | Girl | |
| 10 | 79.3 | 73.5 | 115 | 115 | 71 | 73 |
| 11 | 82.2 | 76.8 | 118 | 117 | 73 | 74 |
| 12 | 85.2 | 77.3 | 120 | 118 | 75 | 75 |
| 13 | 87.1 | 77.8 | 122 | 119 | 77 | 76 |
| 14 | 89.5 | 78.5 | 124 | 120 | 78 | 77 |
| 15 | 89.7 | 78.8 | 125 | 121 | 80 | 77 |
| 16 | 88.4 | 79 | 127 | 121 | 81 | 78 |
| 17 | 90 | 79.9 | 129 | 122 | 82 | 79 |
| 18 | 89 | 80.5 | 130 | 122 | 83 | 79 |
Values are from references #25 and #26.
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© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Variability of clinical and biochemical phenotype in liver phosphorylase kinase deficiency with variants in the phosphorylase kinase (PHKG2) gene
- Reference intervals for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in infants’ day 14–30 of life and a comparison with other studies
- Importance of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in liver disease
- Assessment of thyroid gland vascularity with superb microvascular imaging in healthy children and its relationship with potential factors
- A retrospective analysis of congenital anomalies in congenital hypothyroidism
- Impact of parental origin of X-chromosome on clinical and biochemical profile in Turner syndrome
- Readiness for transition to adult care in adolescents and young adults with Turner syndrome
- A new type of pubertal height reference based on growth aligned for onset of pubertal growth
- Role of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 as biomarkers of early kidney injury in obese prepubertal children
- Self-assessed puberty is reliable in a low-income setting in rural Pakistan
- Timing and regimen of puberty induction in children with hypogonadism: a survey on the practice in Arab countries
- How useful are anthropometric measurements as predictive markers for elevated blood pressure in adolescents in different gender?
- Association between handgrip strength and cardiovascular risk factors among Korean adolescents
- Case Reports
- A novel GNAS mutation inherited from probable maternal mosaicism causes two siblings with pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A
- Two intronic variants of CYP11B1 and CYP17A1 disrupt mRNA splicing and cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- Case report: a 10-year-old girl with primary hypoparathyroidism and systemic lupus erythematosus
- Homozygous p.R31H GNRH1 mutation and normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a patient and self-limited delayed puberty in his relatives
- Severe diabetic ketoacidosis and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in a teenage patient with newly diagnosed diabetes
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Original Articles
- Variability of clinical and biochemical phenotype in liver phosphorylase kinase deficiency with variants in the phosphorylase kinase (PHKG2) gene
- Reference intervals for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) in infants’ day 14–30 of life and a comparison with other studies
- Importance of thyroid-stimulating hormone levels in liver disease
- Assessment of thyroid gland vascularity with superb microvascular imaging in healthy children and its relationship with potential factors
- A retrospective analysis of congenital anomalies in congenital hypothyroidism
- Impact of parental origin of X-chromosome on clinical and biochemical profile in Turner syndrome
- Readiness for transition to adult care in adolescents and young adults with Turner syndrome
- A new type of pubertal height reference based on growth aligned for onset of pubertal growth
- Role of urinary NGAL and KIM-1 as biomarkers of early kidney injury in obese prepubertal children
- Self-assessed puberty is reliable in a low-income setting in rural Pakistan
- Timing and regimen of puberty induction in children with hypogonadism: a survey on the practice in Arab countries
- How useful are anthropometric measurements as predictive markers for elevated blood pressure in adolescents in different gender?
- Association between handgrip strength and cardiovascular risk factors among Korean adolescents
- Case Reports
- A novel GNAS mutation inherited from probable maternal mosaicism causes two siblings with pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A
- Two intronic variants of CYP11B1 and CYP17A1 disrupt mRNA splicing and cause congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- Case report: a 10-year-old girl with primary hypoparathyroidism and systemic lupus erythematosus
- Homozygous p.R31H GNRH1 mutation and normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in a patient and self-limited delayed puberty in his relatives
- Severe diabetic ketoacidosis and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in a teenage patient with newly diagnosed diabetes
