Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among older children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait
-
Kholoud Mohamed
,
Eman El Busairi
Abstract
Background
To evaluate the safety of fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among children and adolescent with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 50 children and adolescents with T1D whose mean age was 12.7 ± 2.1 years was conducted. Twenty-seven patients (54%) were on multiple daily injections (MDI) insulin regimen and 23 (46%) were on insulin pump therapy. Before fasting for Ramadan, children and their families were evaluated and educated about diabetes management during Ramadan. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), weight, number of days fasted, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia episodes, and emergency hospital visits were collected and analyzed after completing the month. Participants were compared according to the insulin treatment regimen and their glycemic control level before Ramadan.
Results
The children were able to fast 20 ± 9.9 days of Ramadan, and the most common cause for breaking the fast was mild hypoglycemia (7.8% among all cases). There was no significant difference between the two insulin regimen groups in breaking fast days, frequency of hypo- or hyperglycemia, weight and HbA1c changes post Ramadan. Patients with HbA1c ≤ 8.5% were able to fast more days during Ramadan with significantly less-frequent hypoglycemic attacks as compared to patients with HbA1c > 8.5 (1.2 ± 1.5 vs. 3.3 ± 2.9 days of hypoglycemia, p = 0.01, respectively).
Conclusions
Fasting for children with T1D above the age of 10 years is feasible and safe in both pump and non-pump users, and well-controlled patients are less likely to develop complications. Education of the families and their children before Ramadan, along with intensive monitoring of fasting children during the month are crucial.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This study was not funded by any funding body.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Conflict of interest: All authors declare no conflict of interest.
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©2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Mini Review
- Endocrine manifestations of PHACE syndrome
- Original Articles
- Quantitation of the arginine family amino acids in the blood of full-term infants perinatally in relation to their birth weight
- Effect of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric patients with obesity
- Pediatric diabetes inpatient care: can medical staff knowledge be improved?
- Association of lipid profile and BMI Z-score in southern Iranian children and adolescents
- Arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with and without continuous insulin infusion
- Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among older children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait
- Evaluation of the relationship between short-term glycemic control and netrin-1, a urinary proximal tubular injury marker in children with type 1 diabetes
- Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes children in western Saudi Arabia: 11-year experience
- Novel mutations and spectrum of the disease of NR0B1 (DAX1)-related adrenal insufficiency in Indian children
- Metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and health-related quality of life in children, adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Safety and effectiveness of growth hormone therapy in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome younger than 2 years: a prospective study
- Response to sapropterin hydrochloride (Kuvan®) in children with phenylketonuria (PKU): a clinical trial
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A in children: a single centre experience
- Benign thyroid nodules in pediatric patients: determining best practices for repeat ultrasound evaluations
- Letter to the Editor
- Thyroid function in males with fragile X syndrome
- Case Reports
- A case of a severe reaction following the use of bisphosphonates in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta
- Cushing disease in a patient with nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: lessons in avoiding glucocorticoids in ichthyosis
- Contiguous gene deletion in a Chinese family with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: challenges in early diagnosis and implications for affected families
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Mini Review
- Endocrine manifestations of PHACE syndrome
- Original Articles
- Quantitation of the arginine family amino acids in the blood of full-term infants perinatally in relation to their birth weight
- Effect of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric patients with obesity
- Pediatric diabetes inpatient care: can medical staff knowledge be improved?
- Association of lipid profile and BMI Z-score in southern Iranian children and adolescents
- Arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with and without continuous insulin infusion
- Fasting during the holy month of Ramadan among older children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Kuwait
- Evaluation of the relationship between short-term glycemic control and netrin-1, a urinary proximal tubular injury marker in children with type 1 diabetes
- Incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes children in western Saudi Arabia: 11-year experience
- Novel mutations and spectrum of the disease of NR0B1 (DAX1)-related adrenal insufficiency in Indian children
- Metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and health-related quality of life in children, adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Safety and effectiveness of growth hormone therapy in infants with Prader-Willi syndrome younger than 2 years: a prospective study
- Response to sapropterin hydrochloride (Kuvan®) in children with phenylketonuria (PKU): a clinical trial
- Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A in children: a single centre experience
- Benign thyroid nodules in pediatric patients: determining best practices for repeat ultrasound evaluations
- Letter to the Editor
- Thyroid function in males with fragile X syndrome
- Case Reports
- A case of a severe reaction following the use of bisphosphonates in a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta
- Cushing disease in a patient with nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: lessons in avoiding glucocorticoids in ichthyosis
- Contiguous gene deletion in a Chinese family with X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: challenges in early diagnosis and implications for affected families
