Home Medicine The relation of urinary bisphenol A with kisspeptin in girls diagnosed with central precocious puberty and premature thelarche
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

The relation of urinary bisphenol A with kisspeptin in girls diagnosed with central precocious puberty and premature thelarche

  • İlker Tolga Özgen , Emel Torun EMAIL logo , Bilge Bayraktar-Tanyeri , Erdem Durmaz , Elif Kılıç and Yaşar Cesur
Published/Copyright: November 13, 2015

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is known as an endocrine disruptor and it is supposed to have a role on the development of central precocious puberty (CPP). Kisspeptin, a hypothalamic peptide, is a neuromodulator of gonadotropin releasing hormone and it has an important role on regulation of the onset of puberty. The BPA levels in girls with CPP and premature thelarche (PT) and its relation with kisspeptin levels were investigated.

Methods: Twenty-eight girls with CPP, 28 girls with PT and 22 prepubertal girls as a control group were enrolled to the study. Urinary BPA and serum kisspeptin levels were compared in the groups. Bivariate correlations were performed to evaluate the relations of BPA with kisspeptin and estradiol.

Results: There was no statistical difference between groups regarding BPA levels. Serum kisspeptin levels were higher in CPP group than controls [306.56 (interquartile range (IQR), 175.63–504.66) vs. 157.62 (IQR, 55.61–285.00) p: 0.008]. There were no correlations between BPA and kisspeptin levels (r: 0.088, p: 0.391) and between BPA and estradiol (r: –0.171, p: 0.144).

Conclusions: The BPA levels did not differentiate between groups and it seems that the exposed amount of BPA in daily life did not affect kisspeptin levels in girls with CPP and PT.


Corresponding author: Emel Torun, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Vatan Street, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey, Mobile: +905324652836, E-mail:

References

1. Ma HM, Du ML, Luo XP, Chen SK, Liu L, et al. Onset of breast and pubic hair development and menses in urban chinese girls. Pediatrics 2009;124:269–77.10.1542/peds.2008-2638Search in Google Scholar PubMed

2. Aksglaede L, Sørensen K, Petersen JH, Skakkebaek NE, Juul A, et al. Recent decline in age at breast development: the Copenhagen Puberty Study. Pediatrics 2009;123:932–9.10.1542/peds.2008-2491Search in Google Scholar PubMed

3. Curfman AL, Reljanovic SM, McNelis KM, Dong TT, Lewis SA, et al. Premature thelarche in infants and toddlers: prevalence, natural history and environmental determinants. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2011;24:338–41.10.1016/j.jpag.2011.01.003Search in Google Scholar PubMed

4. Yang O, Kim HL, Weon JI, Seo YR. Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals: review of toxicological mechanisms using molecular pathway analysis. J Cancer Prev 2015;20:12–24.10.15430/JCP.2015.20.1.12Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

5. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Bourguignon JP, Giudice LC, Hauser R, Prins GS, et al. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: an endocrine society scientific statement. Endocr Rev 2009;30:293–342.10.1210/er.2009-0002Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

6. Careghini A, Mastorgio AF, Saponaro S, Sezenna E. Bisphenol A, nonylphenols, benzophenones, and benzotriazoles in soils, groundwater, surface water, sediments, and food: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2015;22:5711–41.10.1007/s11356-014-3974-5Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

7. Terasawa E, Fernandez DL. Neurobiological mechanisms of the onset of puberty in primates. Endocr Rev 2001;22:111–51.Search in Google Scholar

8. Hrabovszky E, Steinhauser A, Barabas K, Shughrue PJ, Petersen SL, et al. Estrogen receptor-beta immunoreactivity in luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone neurones of the rat brain. Endocrinology 2001;142:3261–4.10.1210/endo.142.7.8176Search in Google Scholar PubMed

9. Krege JH, Hodgin JB, Couse JF, Enmark E, Warner M, et al. Generation and reproductive phenotypes of mice lacking estrogen receptor beta. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1998;95:15677–82.10.1073/pnas.95.26.15677Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

10. Millar RP, Babwah AV. KISS1R: Hallmarks of an Effective Regulator of the Neuroendocrine Axis. Neuroendocrinology 2015;101:193–210.10.1159/000381457Search in Google Scholar PubMed

11. Seminara SB. Mechanisms of disease: the first kiss – a crucial role for kisspeptin-1 and its receptor, G-protein-coupled receptor 54, in puberty and reproduction. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2006;2:328–34.10.1038/ncpendmet0139Search in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Lee HS, Park EJ, Oh JH, Moon G, Hwang MS, et al. Bisphenol A exerts estrogenic effects by modulating CDK1/2 and p38 MAP kinase activity. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014;78:1371–5.10.1080/09168451.2014.921557Search in Google Scholar PubMed

13. Greulich WW, Pyle SI. Radiographic atlas of skeletal development of the hand and wrist, 2nd ed. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1959:1–255.Search in Google Scholar

14. Cole TJ. The LMS method for constructing normalized growth standards. Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:45–60.Search in Google Scholar

15. Tanner JM. Growth and maturation during adolescence. Nutr Rev 1981;39:43–55.10.1111/j.1753-4887.1981.tb06734.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

16. Battal D, Cok I, Unlusayin I, Tunctan B. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitative analysis of free and conjugated bisphenol A in human urine. Biomed Chromatogr 2014;28:686–93.10.1002/bmc.3090Search in Google Scholar PubMed

17. Kendig EL, Buesing DR, Christie SM, Cookman CJ, Gear RB, et al. Estrogen-like disruptive effects of dietary exposure to bisphenol A or 17α-ethinyl estradiol in CD1 mice. Int J Toxicol 2012;31:537–50.10.1177/1091581812463254Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

18. Li Y, Zhang W, Liu J, Wang W, Li H, et al. Prepubertal bisphenol A exposure interferes with ovarian follicle development and its relevant gene expression. Reprod Toxicol 2014;44:33–40.10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.09.002Search in Google Scholar PubMed

19. McGuinn LA, Ghazarian AA, Joseph Su L, Ellison GL. Urinary bisphenol A and age at menarche among adolescent girls: evidence from NHANES 2003-2010. Environ Res 2015;136:381–6.10.1016/j.envres.2014.10.037Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

20. Mueller JK, Heger S. Endocrine disrupting chemicals affect the gonadotropin releasing hormone neuronal network. Reprod Toxicol 2014;44:73–84.10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.10.011Search in Google Scholar PubMed

21. Ceccarelli I, Della Seta D, Fiorenzani P, Farabollini F, Aloisi AM. Estrogenic chemicals at puberty change ERalpha in the hypothalamus of male and female rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2007;29:108–15.10.1016/j.ntt.2006.10.011Search in Google Scholar PubMed

22. Nah WH, Park MJ, Gye MC. Effects of early prepubertal exposure to bisphenol A on the onset of puberty, ovarian weights, and estrous cycle in female mice. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2011;38: 75–81.10.5653/cerm.2011.38.2.75Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

23. Durmaz E, Aşçı A, Erkekoğlu P, Akçurin S, Gümüşel BK, et al. Urinary bisphenol a levels in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2014;6:16–21.10.4274/Jcrpe.1220Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

24. Qiao L, Zheng L, Cai D. Study on the levels of the bisphenol A, octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol in serum of precocious girls. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2010;39:9–12.Search in Google Scholar

25. Yum T, Lee S, Kim Y. Association between precocious puberty and some endocrine disruptors in human plasma. J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng 2013;48:912–7.10.1080/10934529.2013.762734Search in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Topaloglu AK, Tello JA, Kotan LD, Ozbek MN, Yilmaz MB, et al. Inactivating KISS1 mutation and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. N Engl J Med 2012;366:629–35.10.1056/NEJMoa1111184Search in Google Scholar PubMed

27. Teles MG, Bianco SD, Brito VN, Trarbach EB, Kuohung W, et al. A GPR54-activating mutation in a patient with central precocious puberty. N Engl J Med 2008;358:709–15.10.1056/NEJMoa073443Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

28. Silveira LG, Noel SD, Silveira-Neto AP, Abreu AP, Brito VN, et al. Mutations of the KISS1 gene in disorders of puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:2276–80.10.1210/jc.2009-2421Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

29. Bianco SD, Vandepas L, Correa-Medina M, Gereben B, Mukherjee A, et al. KISS1R intracellular trafficking and degradation: effect of the Arg386Pro disease-associated mutation. Endocrinology 2011;152:1616–26.10.1210/en.2010-0903Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

30. Abacı A, Çatlı G, Anık A, Küme T, Çalan ÖG, et al. Significance of serum neurokinin B and kisspeptin levels in the differential diagnosis of premature thelarche and idiopathic central precocious puberty. Peptides 2015;64:29–33.10.1016/j.peptides.2014.12.011Search in Google Scholar PubMed

31. Wang X, Chang F, Bai Y, Chen F, Zhang J, et al. Bisphenol A enhances kisspeptin neurons in anteroventral periventricular nucleus of female mice. J Endocrinol 2014;221:201–13.10.1530/JOE-13-0475Search in Google Scholar PubMed

32. Kurian JR, Keen KL, Kenealy BP, Garcia JP, Hedman CJ, et al. Acute influences of Bisphenol A exposure on hypothalamic release of gonadotropin releasing hormone and kisspeptin in female rhesus monkeys. Endocrinology 2015;156:2563–70.10.1210/en.2014-1634Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

33. Lee CT, Tung YC, Tsai WY. Premature thelarche in Taiwanese girls. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2010;23:879–84.10.1515/jpem.2010.142Search in Google Scholar PubMed

34. de Vries L, Guz-Mark A, Lazar L, Reches A, Phillip M. Premature thelarche: age at presentation affects clinical course but not clinical characteristics or risk to progress to precocious puberty. J Pediatr 2010;156:466–71.10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.09.071Search in Google Scholar PubMed

35. Berberoğlu M. Precocious puberty and normal variant puberty: definition, etiology, diagnosis and current management. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2009;1:164–74.10.4274/jcrpe.v1i4.3Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

36. Akinci A, Cetin D, Ilhan N. Plasma kisspeptin levels in girls with premature thelarche. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2012;4:61–5.10.4274/jcrpe.615Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

37. Atay Z, Turan S, Guran T, Furman A, Bereket A. The prevalence and risk factors of premature thelarche and pubarche in 4- to 8-year-old girls. Acta Paediatr 2012;101:71–5.10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02444.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

38. White AM, Singh R, Rais T, Coffey BJ. Premature thelarche in an 8-year-old girl following prolonged use of risperidone. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2014;24:228–30.10.1089/cap.2014.2442Search in Google Scholar PubMed

39. Dundar B, Pirgon O, Sangun O, Doguc DK. Elevated leptin levels in nonobese girls with premature thelarche. J Invest Med 2013;61:984–8.10.2310/JIM.0b013e31829cbe20Search in Google Scholar PubMed

40. Paris F, Gaspari L, Servant N, Philibert P, Sultan C. Increased serum estrogenic bioactivity in girls with premature thelarche: a marker of environmental pollutant exposure? Gynecol Endocrinol 2013;29:788–92.10.3109/09513590.2013.801448Search in Google Scholar PubMed

41. Fortes EM, Malerba MI, Luchini PD, Sugawara EK, Sumodjo L, et al. High intake of phytoestrogens and precocious thelarche: case report with a possible correlation. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2007;51:500–3.10.1590/S0004-27302007000300021Search in Google Scholar

42. Chen LH, Shi JR, Fang YL, Liang L, Chen WQ, et al. Serum bisphenol A concentration and premature thelarche in female infants aged 4-month to 2-year. Indian J Pediatr 2015;82:221–4.10.1007/s12098-014-1548-7Search in Google Scholar PubMed

Received: 2015-6-12
Accepted: 2015-9-30
Published Online: 2015-11-13
Published in Print: 2016-3-1

©2016 by De Gruyter

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review
  3. Role of nutrition in preventing insulin resistance in children
  4. Original Articles
  5. Reduced frequency and severity of ketoacidosis at diagnosis of childhood type 1 diabetes in Northwest Saudi Arabia
  6. Differences in parental involvement in the care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus on multiple daily insulin injections versus continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion
  7. Value of the intrarenal arterial resistivity indices and different renal biomarkers for early identification of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients
  8. Remission of congenital hyperinsulinism following conservative treatment: an exploratory study in patients with KATP channel mutations
  9. Relationship between visceral obesity and plasma fibrinogen in obese children
  10. Diagnostic approach in children with unusual symptoms of acquired hypothyroidism. When to look for pituitary hyperplasia?
  11. The shortened combined clonidine and arginine test for growth hormone deficiency is practical and specific: a diagnostic accuracy study
  12. Bone maturation along the spectrum from normal weight to obesity: a complex interplay of sex, growth factors and weight gain
  13. Outcomes analysis of radioactive iodine and total thyroidectomy for pediatric Graves’ disease
  14. Direct sequencing of FAH gene in Pakistani tyrosinemia type 1 families reveals a novel mutation
  15. Odontoiatric perspectives and osteonecrosis of the jaw as a possible adverse effect of bisphosphonates therapy in fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome
  16. The relation of urinary bisphenol A with kisspeptin in girls diagnosed with central precocious puberty and premature thelarche
  17. Pattern of teen menstruation among secondary school girls in south east Nigeria
  18. Should children with isolated premature adrenarche be routinely evaluated for non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia?
  19. Anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels in obese children: a case-control study
  20. Case Reports
  21. Transient congenital hypothyroidism caused by compound heterozygous mutations affecting the NADPH-oxidase domain of DUOX2
  22. Isolated methylmalonic acidemia with unusual presentation mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis
  23. A first case report of UDP-galactose-4′-epimerase deficiency in China: genotype and phenotype
  24. A novel mutation in the glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) of a patient with congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia (HI/HA)
  25. Letter to the Editor
  26. Partial biotinidase deficiency: identification of a single novel mutation (p.H314R) in a Greek newborn
Downloaded on 18.1.2026 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/jpem-2015-0235/pdf
Scroll to top button