Abstract
Background: We aimed at evaluating the urinary levels of kidney injury molecule-1 ( KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), and the relationship between these markers and clinical and laboratory variables in normoalbuminuric children with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Methods: The study group consisted of 60 (F/M: 28/32) children with T1D with a median age of 13 (min: 7.1–max: 17.9) years and a mean HbA1c of 8.6%. The average period of treatment was 6.8±2.2 years. The control group consisted of 60 healthy children [(F/M: 32/28); median age: 13.6 (min: 6.9–max: 17.9) years].
Results: Urinary KIM-1 and NGAL levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic group (KIM-1: 0.50±0.34 ng/mg-cr; NGAL: 33±31 ng/mg-cr) compared with the nondiabetic control subjects (KIM-1: 0.26±0.25 ng/mg-cr, NGAL 13.3±14.5 ng/mg-cr) (p<0.001). No significant associations were observed between NGAL or KIM-1 and the duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels. NGAL was found to be weakly correlated with KIM-1 (p<0.005, r=0.289).
Conclusions: NGAL and KIM are high in normoalbuminuric diabetic children before reduction in glomerular filtration rate. High NGAL and KIM-1 levels may indicate early diabetic kidney injury; however, we did not observe any relationship between these markers and diabetic indices. For clinical usefulness of these markers, long-term studies are required.
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©2016 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- REVIEW
- Obesity-associated sympathetic overactivity in children and adolescents: the role of catecholamine resistance in lipid metabolism
- MINI REVIEW
- Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia: case report and review of the literature
- ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- Levothyroxine replacement in primary congenital hypothyroidism: the higher the initial dose the higher the rate of overtreatment
- Effect of auditory guided imagery on glucose levels and on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in normoalbuminuric diabetic children
- Use of the triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio for assessing insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese children in rural Appalachia
- Carotid intima media thickness in obese children: is there an association with hyperlipidemia?
- Schoolchildren born VLBW or VLGA show height-related changes in body composition and muscle function but no evidence of metabolic syndrome risk factors. Results from the NEOLONG study
- Topical dihydrotestosterone to treat micropenis secondary to partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) before, during, and after puberty – a case series
- Urinary myo-inositol levels in Japanese schoolchildren with normal glucose tolerance
- Barriers in communication and available resources to facilitate conversation about infertility with girls diagnosed with Turner syndrome
- Analysis of the PAX8 gene in 32 children with thyroid dysgenesis and functional characterization of a promoter variant
- Decrease of small dense LDL and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 due to human growth hormone treatment in short children with growth hormone deficiency and small for gestational age status
- Rare and curable renin-mediated hypertension: a series of six cases and a literature review
- CASE REPORTS
- Vulvar fetal rhabdomyoma mimicking 46XX sex differentiation disorder
- Simultaneous occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis, thyroid storm, and multiple cerebral infarctions due to Moyamoya disease
- Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome: two siblings with a new mutation and dramatic therapeutic effect of high-dose riboflavin
- Lipomatous nevus and urethral caruncle mistaken for ambiguous genitalia in a female infant
- Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma in an 11-year-old boy with type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome
- Changes in facial appearance from neonate to adult in 3-M syndrome patient with novel CUL7 gene mutations
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- REVIEW
- Obesity-associated sympathetic overactivity in children and adolescents: the role of catecholamine resistance in lipid metabolism
- MINI REVIEW
- Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia: case report and review of the literature
- ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- Levothyroxine replacement in primary congenital hypothyroidism: the higher the initial dose the higher the rate of overtreatment
- Effect of auditory guided imagery on glucose levels and on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin in normoalbuminuric diabetic children
- Use of the triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio for assessing insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese children in rural Appalachia
- Carotid intima media thickness in obese children: is there an association with hyperlipidemia?
- Schoolchildren born VLBW or VLGA show height-related changes in body composition and muscle function but no evidence of metabolic syndrome risk factors. Results from the NEOLONG study
- Topical dihydrotestosterone to treat micropenis secondary to partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) before, during, and after puberty – a case series
- Urinary myo-inositol levels in Japanese schoolchildren with normal glucose tolerance
- Barriers in communication and available resources to facilitate conversation about infertility with girls diagnosed with Turner syndrome
- Analysis of the PAX8 gene in 32 children with thyroid dysgenesis and functional characterization of a promoter variant
- Decrease of small dense LDL and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 due to human growth hormone treatment in short children with growth hormone deficiency and small for gestational age status
- Rare and curable renin-mediated hypertension: a series of six cases and a literature review
- CASE REPORTS
- Vulvar fetal rhabdomyoma mimicking 46XX sex differentiation disorder
- Simultaneous occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis, thyroid storm, and multiple cerebral infarctions due to Moyamoya disease
- Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome: two siblings with a new mutation and dramatic therapeutic effect of high-dose riboflavin
- Lipomatous nevus and urethral caruncle mistaken for ambiguous genitalia in a female infant
- Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma in an 11-year-old boy with type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome
- Changes in facial appearance from neonate to adult in 3-M syndrome patient with novel CUL7 gene mutations