Disorders of sex development among Sudanese children: 5-year experience of a pediatric endocrinology clinic
-
Mohamed Ahmed Abdullah
,
Umsalama Saeed
Abstract
Background: The birth of a child with disorders of sex development (DSDs) is considered a medical and psychosocial emergency. Management of these cases requires facilities and a multidisciplinary team. In developing countries, this is made difficult by the lack of facilities in addition to sociocultural and religious factors that can affect management. This is the first experience to be published from Sudan.
Objective: The aim of this study was to see the prevalence, etiological factors, management, and problems faced in handling these cases.
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study reviewing the records of all cases referred to a pediatric endocrinology clinic over a 5-year period. Cases were managed by a multidisciplinary team.
Results: One hundred fifty-six cases were seen, of which 122 were included in the study. A total of 79 (64.8%) were born at home, whereas 59 (52.2%) of the cases were not observed at birth by health-care providers. The average cost of investigating a case was $250–300. The investigations showed that 69 had XX DSD and 45 had XY DSD. The most common cause of XX DSD was congenital adrenal hyperplasia and that of XY DSD was androgen insensitivity syndrome. Twenty-three (19%) needed sex reassignment. There was a preference for the male sex.
Conclusion: DSDs are not uncommon in Sudan. Because of lack of awareness and sociocultural reasons cases are referred late. Investigating these cases is expensive and has to be supported, and more multidisciplinary teams have to be trained to make services accessible and affordable.
©2012 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin Boston
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- Masthead
- Masthead
- Review article
- The pros and cons of sex steroid priming in growth hormone stimulation testing
- Images in pediatric endocrinology
- Tuber sinerium hamartoma causing precocious puberty in a child
- Original articles
- Clinical features suggestive of non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency in children presenting with precocious pubarche
- Disorders of sex development among Sudanese children: 5-year experience of a pediatric endocrinology clinic
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- Clinical and genetic analysis of three Chinese patients with steroid 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency
- Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome: report of one family with three affected children
- A decrease in fasting FGF19 levels is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents
- Acanthosis nigricans predicts the clustering of metabolic syndrome components in Hispanic elementary school-aged children
- Nutritional and metabolic findings in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome diagnosed in early infancy
- Increased endothelial microparticles in obese and overweight children
- The treatment effect of diazoxide on 44 patients with congenital hyperinsulinism
- Hyperprolactinemia in children: clinical features and long-term results
- Oxidant/antioxidant system markers and trace element levels in children with nutritional rickets
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- Infantile malignant osteopetrosis: a rare cause of neonatal hypocalcemia
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