Abstract
The turbulent exchange in boundary layer models is usually characterized by a scalar eddy viscosity coefficient assumed to be a positive function of the vertical variable. We introduce a more general form for the turbulence exchange description, which includes two functions that describe the turbulence without any assumption about their positivity. We construct a model of the Akerblom–Ekman type, but with a complex coefficient of turbulent exchange. The basic quality criterion for these models and algorithms is the maximal agreement with meteorological observations. We optimize the agreement between the global meteorological archive of high-resolution wind observations that are provided by World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in Binary Universal Form for the Representation (BUFR). The main result of our work is that agreement between model solutions and observations will be much better if the turbulent exchange coefficient is optimized in the space of all complex-valued functions, and not limited to the cone of real positive functions.
Funding statement: This article was prepared within the framework of the Academic Fund Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) in 2020–2021 (grant 20-04-021) and by the Russian Academic´Excellence Project 5-100.
References
[1] R. Bellman, B. Kashef and R. Vasudevan, Mean square spline approximation, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 45 (1974), 47–53. 10.1016/0022-247X(74)90119-XSuche in Google Scholar
[2] P. L. Bykov and V. A. Gordin, Big data and inverse problem for Ekman–Akerblom model, Res. Activities Atmos. Oceanic Model (2018), 4.5–4.6. Suche in Google Scholar
[3] R. F. Banks, J. Tiana-Alsina, F. Rocadenbosch and J. M. Baldasano, Performance evaluation of the boundary-layer height from lidar and the Weather Research and Forecasting model at an urban coastal site in the north-east Iberian Peninsula, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 157 (2015), no. 2, 265–292. 10.1007/s10546-015-0056-2Suche in Google Scholar
[4] R. A. Brown, A secondary flow model for the planetary boundary layer, J. Atmos Sci. 27 (1970), 742–757. 10.1175/1520-0469(1970)027<0742:ASFMFT>2.0.CO;2Suche in Google Scholar
[5] V. W. Ekman, On the influence of the Earth’s rotation on ocean currents, Ark. Mat. Astron. Fys. 2 (1905), no. 11, 1–53. Suche in Google Scholar
[6] M. V. Fedoryuk, Asymptotic Analysis: Linear Ordinary Differential Equations, Springer, Berlin, 2012. Suche in Google Scholar
[7] P. E. Gill, W. Murray, M. A. Saunders and M. H. Wright, Sparse matrix methods in optimization, SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput. 5 (1984), no. 3, 562–589. 10.1137/0905041Suche in Google Scholar
[8] J. R. Holton, An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, 4th ed., Academic Press, New York, 2004. Suche in Google Scholar
[9] W. G. Large, J. C. McWilliams and S. C. Doney, Oceanic vertical mixing: A review and a model with a nonlocal boundary layer parameterization, Rev. Geophys. 32 (1994), no. 4, 363–403. 10.1029/94RG01872Suche in Google Scholar
[10] M. A. Lokoshchenko, L. I. Alekseeva and K. I. Akhiyarova, Relations of lower atmosphere wind dynamics to synoptic conditions and weather phenomena, Russ. Meteorol. Hydro. 41 (2016), no. 7, 455–465. 10.3103/S1068373916070025Suche in Google Scholar
[11] G. L. Mellor and T. Yamada, Development of turbulence closure model for geophysical fluid problems, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 20 (1982), no. 4, 851–875. 10.1029/RG020i004p00851Suche in Google Scholar
[12] A. S. Monin and A. M. Yaglom, Statistical Fluid Mechanics. Vol. II: Mechanics of Turbulence, Courier Corporation, North Chelmsford, 2013. Suche in Google Scholar
[13] F. W. J. Olver, Introduction to Asymptotics and Special Functions, Academic Press, New York, 1974. 10.1016/B978-0-12-525856-2.50005-XSuche in Google Scholar
[14] V. M. Ponomarev and O. G. Chkhetiani, Semi-empirical model of the atmospheric boundary layer with parametrization of turbulent helicity effect, Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 41 (2005), no. 4, 418–433. Suche in Google Scholar
[15] A. N. Tichonov and V. Y. Arsenin, Solutions Methods of Ill-Posed Problems, Winston and Sons, Washington, 1977. Suche in Google Scholar
[16] D. Vickers and L. Mahrt, Evaluating formulations of stable boundary layer height, J, Appl, Meteorol, 43 (2004), no. 11, 1736–1749. 10.1175/JAM2160.1Suche in Google Scholar
[17] S. S. Zilitinkevich, On the determination of the height of the Ekman boundary layer, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 3 (1972), 141–145. 10.1007/BF02033914Suche in Google Scholar
[18] S. S. Zilitinkevich and A. Baklanov, Calculation of the height of stable boundary layers in practical applications, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 105 (2002), 389–409. 10.1023/A:1020376832738Suche in Google Scholar
[19] S. S. Zilitinkevich and P. Calanca, An extended similarity-theory for the stably stratified atmospheric surface layer, Quart. J. Roy Meteorol. Soc. 126 (2000), 1913–1923. 10.1002/qj.49712656617Suche in Google Scholar
© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- The inverse scattering problem for an inhomogeneous two-layered cavity
- Hölder stability estimates in determining the time-dependent coefficients of the heat equation from the Cauchy data set
- Complex turbulent exchange coefficient in Akerblom–Ekman model
- On the identification of Lamé parameters in linear isotropic elasticity via a weighted self-guided TV-regularization method
- Rough surfaces reconstruction via phase and phaseless data by a multi-frequency homotopy iteration method
- Determination of unknown shear force in transverse dynamic force microscopy from measured final data
- Inverting mechanical and variable-order parameters of the Euler–Bernoulli beam on viscoelastic foundation
- On the mean field games system with lateral Cauchy data via Carleman estimates
- Artificial intelligence for COVID-19 spread modeling
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- The inverse scattering problem for an inhomogeneous two-layered cavity
- Hölder stability estimates in determining the time-dependent coefficients of the heat equation from the Cauchy data set
- Complex turbulent exchange coefficient in Akerblom–Ekman model
- On the identification of Lamé parameters in linear isotropic elasticity via a weighted self-guided TV-regularization method
- Rough surfaces reconstruction via phase and phaseless data by a multi-frequency homotopy iteration method
- Determination of unknown shear force in transverse dynamic force microscopy from measured final data
- Inverting mechanical and variable-order parameters of the Euler–Bernoulli beam on viscoelastic foundation
- On the mean field games system with lateral Cauchy data via Carleman estimates
- Artificial intelligence for COVID-19 spread modeling