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Vestibular stimulation: a noninvasive brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease & its implications

  • Thanalakshmi Jagadeesan , Archana Rajagopal EMAIL logo and Senthilkumar Sivanesan
Published/Copyright: February 1, 2021
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
From the journal Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Volume 18 Issue 4

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, and it is characterized by both motor and neuropsychiatric problems. Effective treatment of PD requires a combination of pharmacotherapy and physiotherapy; however, existing treatment generally involves one medical discipline most probably interpretation by neurologist. This pharmacotherapy relay on dopaminergic medications which is not capable of bringing sufficient alleviation of all motor symptoms in PD. Implementing positive lifestyle activities can support patients to improve the quality of life, symptoms, and possibly slow down the disease progression. In far effective management of PD, clinics are trying to execute and promote the use of additional integrative approaches of care among PD patients. Notably, vestibular stimulation like noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) is being studied as a potential treatment for PD, and a number of studies have presented scientific evidence in support of this concept. In this review paper, we highlight the importance of vestibular stimulation in both human and animal studies as one of the promising interventional approaches for PD. All the existing studies are heterogeneous in study design, so further studies have to be conducted which meets the standards of randomized control trial with proper sample size to validate the findings of vestibular stimulation.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease; treatments; vestibular stimulation
Corresponding author: Archana Rajagopal, Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India, E-mail:

  1. Research funding: None declared.

  2. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

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Received: 2020-04-26
Accepted: 2020-10-13
Published Online: 2021-02-01

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review Articles
  3. Vestibular stimulation: a noninvasive brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease & its implications
  4. Preventive aspect of ayurveda and yoga towards newly emerging disease COVID-19
  5. Efficacy of prayer in inducing immediate physiological changes: a systematic analysis of objective experiments
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  11. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide mitigates histopathological damage, alleviate oxidative stress and promotes immunomodulation in diabetic rats
  12. Evaluation of different almond (Terminalia catappa) extracts against oxidative stress induced by cyclosporine in brain and liver of rats
  13. Stigmasterol isolated from the chloroform fraction of Adenopus breviflorus Benth fruit induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in rat liver
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  28. Evaluation of reproductive hormones in Egyptian workers occupationally exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP): a cross-sectional study
  29. Case Reports
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  31. Herbal supplement (Combi-5) in the management of COVID 19 individual with mild to moderate symptoms: a case report
  32. Effect of yoga and naturopathy on disease activity and symptom burdens in a patient with active ulcerative colitis: a case report
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  34. Does the article titled “Hot arm and foot bath on heart rate variability and blood pressure in healthy volunteers – needs to be verified with standard device?” Have reporting bias?
  35. Abstracts
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https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2020-0155
Keywords for this article
Parkinson’s disease; treatments; vestibular stimulation

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Review Articles
  3. Vestibular stimulation: a noninvasive brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease & its implications
  4. Preventive aspect of ayurveda and yoga towards newly emerging disease COVID-19
  5. Efficacy of prayer in inducing immediate physiological changes: a systematic analysis of objective experiments
  6. Research Articles
  7. Antilithiatic activity of a non-pharmacopoeial Unani formulation in chemically induced urolithiasis in rats
  8. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity from Indonesian anti-degenerative herbs water extract
  9. Intracerebroventricular injection of propranolol blocked analgesic and neuroprotective effects of resveratrol following L5 spinal nerve ligation in rat
  10. Possible involvement of the dopamine D2 receptors of ventromedial hypothalamus in the control of free- and scheduled-feeding and plasma ghrelin level in rat
  11. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide mitigates histopathological damage, alleviate oxidative stress and promotes immunomodulation in diabetic rats
  12. Evaluation of different almond (Terminalia catappa) extracts against oxidative stress induced by cyclosporine in brain and liver of rats
  13. Stigmasterol isolated from the chloroform fraction of Adenopus breviflorus Benth fruit induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in rat liver
  14. Uterine contractile activity and fetal outcome in rats treated with vitamin C during late gestational variable stress exposure
  15. Sub-chronic toxicological evaluation of Strophanthus hispidus DC (Apocynaceae) aqueous root extract
  16. Beneficial consequences of probiotic on mitochondrial hippocampus in Alzheimer’s disease
  17. Avocado/soy unsaponifiables can redress the balance between serum antioxidant and oxidant levels in patients with osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study
  18. The effects of combination of Zingiber officinale and Echinacea on alleviation of clinical symptoms and hospitalization rate of suspected COVID-19 outpatients: a randomized controlled trial
  19. Efficacy of Khār-i-khasak (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) in prehypertension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
  20. Comparison of the effect of Ceratonia siliqua L. fruit oral capsule and vitamin E on semen parameters in men with idiopathic infertility: a triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial
  21. Effect of dry cupping versus soft and prolonged massage in the management of knee osteoarthritis – a randomized controlled clinical trial
  22. Use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) among Malaysian cancer patients for the management of chemotherapy related side effects (CRSE)
  23. Correlation between gastrointestinal symptoms and adherence to traditional Persian medicine dietary recommendations in patients with vitiligo; a cross-sectional study
  24. Effects of Tai Chi and running on blood oxygen saturation: a pilot study
  25. The effect of spiritual care on quality of life of patients with amputation caused by diabetes type 2: a clinical trial
  26. The effect of acupressure on the level of the blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate in patients with the brain contusion under mechanical ventilation
  27. The effects of foot massage on hemodialysis patients’ sleep quality and restless leg syndrome: a comparison of lavender and sweet orange essential oil topical application
  28. Evaluation of reproductive hormones in Egyptian workers occupationally exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP): a cross-sectional study
  29. Case Reports
  30. Normalisation of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) levels in a patient with partial molar pregnancy with a uterine mass without chemotherapy: impact of using herbal remedies
  31. Herbal supplement (Combi-5) in the management of COVID 19 individual with mild to moderate symptoms: a case report
  32. Effect of yoga and naturopathy on disease activity and symptom burdens in a patient with active ulcerative colitis: a case report
  33. Letter to the Editor
  34. Does the article titled “Hot arm and foot bath on heart rate variability and blood pressure in healthy volunteers – needs to be verified with standard device?” Have reporting bias?
  35. Abstracts
  36. 1st International Virtual Conference on Integrative Medicine 2021 (ICIM 2021) in conjunction with the 4th International Biohealth Science Conference
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