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The Artistic Character of the Spirit in the Beatus Tradition

  • David Ray Johnson ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 8, 2023
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Abstract

This article examines the visual interpretations of the Spirit in the Beatus illuminated manuscripts. This study will follow methods emerging in the discipline of visual criticism where visual art of biblical texts function like commentaries by offering visual interpretations. This study will investigate the visual interpretations of “John being in the Spirit” (Rev 1:10; 4:2; 17:3; 21:10) and the seven Spirits who are identified as the seven torches, the seven eyes, and the seven horns of the Lamb (Rev 1:4; 3:1; 4:5; 5:6) in the Beatus illuminated manuscripts.


Corresponding author: David Ray Johnson, PhD, Regents Theological College, West Malvern Road, WR14 4AY, West Malvern, Worcestershire, UK, E-mail:

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Published Online: 2023-05-08
Published in Print: 2023-05-25

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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