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When Solomon met Solomon: A Medieval Hebrew Bible in Victorian Cambridge

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 10. Februar 2017

Abstract

In the Spring of 1869, the Cambridge University Library acquired a medieval Hebrew Bible, first written in 13th-century Spain and decorated and annotated by various hands in subsequent centuries. The manuscript contains what many consider the earliest record of a Jewish reader of Christian chapter divisions of the OT. This article uncovers the story of that manuscript’s discovery by Solomon Marcus Schiller-Szinessy (1820–1890), the first practicing Jew formally appointed to an academic position at that university. It studies Schiller-Szinessy’s published and unpublished descriptions of the manuscript, and it reconstructs his understanding of its history of transmission and reception. It places this story in the distinct but connected contexts of Victorian interests in Rabbinics and in the Massorah, Henry Bradshaw’s renewal of the Cambridge University Library, the development of bibliography as a genre of historical scholarship in the Wissenschaft des Judentums, and the late 19th-century understanding of distinct medieval and early modern chapters in the history of Jewish and Christian biblical traditions, their transmission, reception, mutual encounter and critical study. Finally, the essay takes this case study to reflect on the effect of Jewish emancipation on the academic study of the Hebrew Bible.

Acknowledgments

The author wishes to express his gratitude to Professor Nicholas de Lange for drawing his attention to the manuscript at the centre of this article and to the lasting importance of Schiller-Szinessy’s Nachlass. He is also grateful to his fellow members of the research project, The Bible and Antiquity in Nineteenth-Century Culture at the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and the Humanities (CRASSH) (Cambridge), to Yakov Z. Mayer, Dr Nathan MacDonald and Professor Sharon Farmer for comments on an earlier version of this essay, and for support from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement n. 295463. A version of this article was delivered to a helpful audience at the Jewish History Seminar at the Institute of Historical Research, London. Special thanks are due to the staff of the Manuscripts Reading Room of the University Library, Cambridge, as well as to César Merchán-Hamann (Bodleian Library) and Dan Mitchell (Special Collections, University College London).

Works cited

Manuscripts:

University College London, Department of Special Collections

Schiller-Szinessy Papers

Cambridge University Library

MS Add. 465

MS Add. 470.1

MS Add. 8916/A84

MS Add. 3015

MS Or. 1116–1121

MS Pr.B.6.10

MS Mm.5.27

Emmanuel College, Cambridge

MS 1.1.5-7

Bodleian Library, Oxford

MS Kennicott 2

MS Kennicott 7

MS Heb.g.1

British Library

MS Add. 44482

MS Add. 9401

MS Or. 4445

MS Or. 2201

MS Or. 2626-28

Biblioteca Historica “Marquez de Valdecilla,” Universidad Complutense de Madrid

MS 1

MS 2

Biblioteca del Real Monasterio de El Escorial

MS G-II-8

Bibliothèque nationale de France

MS héb 263

Zentralbibliothek Zurich

MS Heid, 136

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