Alcohol promotes liver fibrosis in high fat diet induced diabetic rats
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Veena Gopinath
Abstract
Objectives
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and alcoholism are considered to be lifestyle-associated independent risk factors in fatty liver diseases (FLD) mediated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A combined effect of both these conditions may exacerbate the pathological changes and a pre-clinical exploration of this is expected to provide a mechanical detail of the pathophysiology. The present study aims to understand the effect of alcohol on pre- diabetic and type 2 diabetic female Wistar rats.
Methods
In this experimental study, 12 Wistar rats (180–220 g) were randomly assigned into three groups: Normal (fed normal rat chow), alcohol (20 %) fed diabetic (HFD + STZ), and pre-diabetic rats (HFD alone). After, two months of the experimental period, blood and liver tissues were collected lipid metabolic alteration, liver injury, and fibrosis were determined following biochemical and histological methods. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s Post Hoc test.
Results
Significant dyslipidemia was observed in the liver tissues of diabetic and pre-diabetic rats following alcohol ingestion. A significant (p<0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation status, and hepatic marker enzyme activities (p<0.0001) were observed in diabetic animals. In corroborating with these observations, hematoxylin and eosin staining of hepatic tissue revealed the presence of sinusoidal dilation along with heavily damaged hepatocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration. Further, significantly (p<0.001) increased hepatic hydroxyproline content and extended picrosirius red stained areas of collagen in liver tissue indicated initiation of fibrosis in alcohol-fed diabetic rats.
Conclusions
Overall, the results indicate that alcohol consumption in T2DM conditions is more deleterious than pre diabetic conditions in progressing to hepatic fibrosis.
Funding source: Indian Council of Medical Research
Funding source: Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Professor Joy Augustin, Department of Pathology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, for arriving at a meaningful conclusion about the histological changes in liver tissue.
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Research ethics: All experiments involving animals conducted in this study were under the institution’s ethical standards and had prior permission from the institutional animal Ethical Committee that follows the guidelines of CCSEA, Govt. India. (approval no: ACRC/IEAC/19(1) P-1).
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Informed consent: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: Veena Gopinath & Aleena Mariya Davis: Execution of experiments, Writing – original draft, review & editing. Thara KM: Conceptualization, review and editing Achuthan C Raghavamenon: Conceptualization, work planning, original draft, review & editing.
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Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: Kerala State Council for Science, Technology, and Environment (KSCSTE/2706/2018-FSHP-LS) Indian Council of Medical (52/05/2019-BIO/BMS).
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Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.
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Supplementary Material
This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0042).
© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorials
- Targeting Rho GTPase regulators in cancer: are we hitting the mark?
- The pitfalls of linear regression in physiological research
- Reviews
- Lipid profile and mortality in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism; a systematic review and meta-analysis
- IcoSema: unveiling the future of diabetes management from a clinical pharmacology perspective
- Deucravacitinib: moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis preventable?
- The key roles of thyroid hormone in mitochondrial regulation, at interface of human health and disease
- Uncovering the coronavirus outbreak: present understanding and future research paths
- Effects of thyroid hormones in skeletal muscle protein turnover
- Original Articles
- Effect of high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese individuals
- Alcohol promotes liver fibrosis in high fat diet induced diabetic rats
- Association between aerobic performance and physiological responses in Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2, and the futsal-specific intermittent endurance test in trained futsal players
- Oral vs. injected: which vitamin D boost works best for low levels?
- Effects of an 8-week intervention of anulom vilom pranayama combined with heartfulness meditation on psychological stress, autonomic function, inflammatory biomarkers, and oxidative stress in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial
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