Home Medicine Behavioral and biochemical investigations to explore the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in experimental diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and associated dementia in rats
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Behavioral and biochemical investigations to explore the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in experimental diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and associated dementia in rats

  • Poonam Sharma , Khushboo Aggarwal , Rajendra Awasthi , Giriraj T. Kulkarni and Bhupesh Sharma EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: June 21, 2021
Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
From the journal Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology Volume 34 Issue 5

Abstract

Objectives

Vascular dementia (VaD), being strongly associated with metabolic conditions is a major health concern around the world. Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of VaD. This study investigates the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and related dementia.

Methods

Single dose streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg i.p) was administered to albino Wistar rats (male, 200–250 g) by dissolving in citrate buffer. Morris water maze (MWM) and attentional set shifting tests were used to assess the spatial learning, memory, reversal learning, and executive functioning in animals. Body weight, serum glucose, serum nitrite/nitrate, vascular endothelial function, aortic superoxide anion, brains’ oxidative markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive species-TBARS, reduced glutathione-GSH, superoxide dismutase-SOD, and catalase-CAT), mitochondrial enzyme complex (I, II, and IV), inflammatory markers (interleukin-IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α, and myeloperoxidase-MPO), and acetylcholinesterase activity-AChE were also assessed. Quercetin (30 mg kg−1/60 mg kg−1) and folacin (30 mg kg−1/60 mg kg−1) were used as the treatment drugs. Donepezil (0.5 mg kg−1) was used as a positive control.

Results

STZ administered rats showed reduction in learning, memory, reversal learning, executive functioning, impairment in endothelial function, increase in brains’ oxidative stress; inflammation; AChE activity, and decrease in mitochondrial complex (I, II, and IV) activity. Administration of quercetin and folacin in two different doses, significantly attenuated the STZ induced diabetes induced impairments in the behavioral, endothelial, and biochemical parameters.

Conclusions

STZ administration caused diabetes and VaD which was attenuated by the administration of quercetin and folacin. Therefore, these agents may be studied further for the assessment of their full potential in diabetes induced VaD conditions.

Keywords: dementia; diabetes; donepezil; endothelium function; folacin; quercetin; Streptozotocin
Corresponding author: Dr. Bhupesh Sharma, Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, India; and CNS Pharmacology, Conscience Research, Delhi, India, Phone: +91 880 0708181, E-mail: ,

Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Dr. Ashok K. Chauhan, Hon’ble Founder President, Ritnand Balved Education Foundation, India and Dr. Atul Chauhan, Hon’ble Chancellor, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, India, for facilities and immense motivation towards the conduct of this research work. We, also thank Prof. Dr. Nirmal Singh, Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, Punjab University, Patiala (Punjab), India, for his valuable suggestions.

  1. Research funding: None.

  2. Author contributions: P.S. and B.S. conceived and planned the experiments. B.S. encouraged P.S. and K.A. to investigate role of quercetin and folacin on behavioural and endothelial function along with brain biochemicals in diabetes induced VaD. B.S. supervised the findings of this work. P.S. and K.A. carried out the experiments. P.S., R.A., G.T.K. and B.S. contributed to the interpretation of the results. P.S. and K.A. wrote the first draft of the manuscript in consultation with R.A. B.S. and G.T.K. critically analysed, revised, edited and discussed the first and subsequent drafts of the manuscript. P.S., K.A. R.A., G.T.K. and B.S. were responsible for overall research, analysis and manuscript. All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The authors declare that, they have no conflict of interest.

  4. Ethical approval: The experiments conducted were as per the study protocol approved by Institutional Animal Ethics committee (IAEC), following the guidelines provided by CPCSEA, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India.

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Supplementary Material

The online version of this article offers supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0159).

Received: 2020-05-23
Accepted: 2021-04-16
Published Online: 2021-06-21

© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0159
Keywords for this article
dementia; diabetes; donepezil; endothelium function; folacin; quercetin; Streptozotocin

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorials
  3. Deiodination and tumor progression: the interplay between thyroid hormones intracellular activation and the androgen signal
  4. The intricate role of glutamine in pathophysiological contexts
  5. Reviews
  6. Zebrafish as a model organism – can a fish mimic human?
  7. Phytocompounds and their molecular targets in immunomodulation: a review
  8. Original Articles
  9. Host–parasite relationship modulates the effect of African mistletoe leaves on the cholinergic, monoaminergic and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes in fruit fly
  10. Behavioral and biochemical investigations to explore the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in experimental diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and associated dementia in rats
  11. Chronic exposure of industrial grade calcium carbide and ethylene glycol exert genotoxic effect in Wistar albino rats
  12. A four-year review of uterine rupture at a secondary health facility in Okitipupa, Southwest Nigeria
  13. Increased nitric oxide availability worsens the cardiac performance during early re-perfusion period in adult rats
  14. Safety evaluation of an antimalarial herbal product from Andrographis paniculata (AS201-01) in healthy volunteers
  15. Tobacco use and clinical leukoplakia lesions among south Indian tribes
  16. Carcinogen sodium arsenite disrupts antioxidant and redox homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster
  17. No association of the common Asian mitochondrial DNA haplogroups with lung cancer in East Indian population
  18. Cardioprotective effect of Justicia gendarussa on doxorubicin induced toxicity in mice
  19. Lung ultrasound-guided PEEP titration in COVID–19 patients treated with CPAP
  20. Short Communication
  21. Effects of the gaseous signalling molecule nitroxyl (HNO) on myenteric neurons governing intestinal motility
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