Effects of acetone extract of Cola nitida on brain sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity and spatial memory in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic female Wistar rats
-
Aminat Omolola Imam-Fulani
,
Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi
Abstract
Background
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of acetone extract of Cola nitida on brain Na+/K+-ATPase activity and spatial memory of healthy and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic female Wistar rats.
Methods
Forty-two female Wistar rats were used for this study and were randomly distributed into six groups (n=7). Rats in group 1 were used as control and were administered normal saline; group 2 rats were healthy rats administered 50 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day; group 3 rats were healthy rats administered 100 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day; group 4 rats were a diabetic group also administered normal saline; group 5 rats were diabetic rats administered 50 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day; and group 6 rats were diabetic rats administered 100 mg/kg of kola nut extract per day. Diabetes was induced with 50 mg/kg of STZ. After 3 weeks of administration, the spatial memories of the rats were tested using the Y-maze, followed by assay of Na+/K+-ATPase activity.
Results
The result shows a significant increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activity of diabetic treated groups (5 and 6) when compared with the diabetic group (4) and a significant increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activity of healthy treated groups (2 and 3) when compared with control. Also, there was a significant increase in spatial memory of the diabetic treated groups when compared with diabetic group.
Conclusions
This study revealed that kola nut extract has restorative effect on brain Na+/K+-ATPase activities and spatial memory of STZ-induced diabetic female Wistar rats.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the contributions of Oyinloye Busola and Koroagba Saad Halima.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: None declared.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
Competing interests: The funding organization(s) played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication.
References
1. Matsui T, Tanaka T, Tamura S, Toshima A, Tanaka K, Miyata Y. Alpha glucosidase inhibitory profile of catechins and the aflavins. J Agric Food Chem 2007;55:99–105.10.1021/jf0627672Search in Google Scholar
2. Kwon YI, Apostolidis E, Kim YC, Shetty K. Health benefits of traditional corn, beans and pumpkin: in vitro studies for hyperglycemia and hypertension management. J Med Food 2007;10:266–75.10.1089/jmf.2006.234Search in Google Scholar
3. Ranilla LG, Kwon YI, Apostolidis E, Shetty K. Phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and in vitro inhibitory potential against key enzymes relevant for hyperglycemia and hypertension of commonly used medicinal plants, herbs and spices in Latin America. Bioresour Technol 2010;101: 4676–89.10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.093Search in Google Scholar
4. El-Kaissi S, Sherbeeni S. Pharmacological management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: an update. Curr Diabetes Rev 2011;7:392–405.10.2174/157339911797579160Search in Google Scholar
5. Biessels GJ, Kappelle LJ. Increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease in type II diabetes: insulin induced pathology? Biochem Soc Trans 2005;33:1041–4.10.1042/BST0331041Search in Google Scholar
6. Kappelle JL, Heine RH, Dekker JM, Nijpels G, Kessels RP, Biessels RJ. Cognitive functioning in elderly persons with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: the Hoorn study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis 2008;26:261–9.10.1159/000160959Search in Google Scholar
7. Jacobson AM, Musen G, Ryan CM, Silvers N, Cleary P, Werbasky B, et al. Long-term effect of diabetes and its treatment on cognitive function. N Engl J M 2007;356:1842–52.10.1056/NEJMoa066397Search in Google Scholar
8. Adebiyi S, Oluyole KA, Fagbami OO. An assessment of gender involvement in crop production: a case of Kola production in Osun state. Nigeria Int J Sustain Crop Prod 2009;4:8–11.Search in Google Scholar
9. Sofowora A. Medicinal plants and traditional medicine in Africa. Nigeria, Ibadan: Spectrum Books Ltd., 1993:289.Search in Google Scholar
10. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders, 2006.Search in Google Scholar
11. Howarth C, Gleeson P, Attwell D. Updated energy budgets for neural computation in the neocortex and cerebellum. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2012;32:1222–32.10.1038/jcbfm.2012.35Search in Google Scholar
12. Rodriguez G, Arnaiz L. Na+, K+-ATPase in the brain: structure and function. In: Lajtha A, Baker G, Dunn S, Holt A, editors. Handbook of neurochemistry and molecular neurobiology. USA: Springer, 2007:209–24.10.1007/978-0-387-30380-2_10Search in Google Scholar
13. Michael DF. The sodium-potassium pump is an information processing element in brain computation. Front Physiol 2014;5:472.10.3389/fphys.2014.00472Search in Google Scholar
14. Ver A, Csermely P, Banyasz T, Kovacs T, Samogyi J. Alterations in the properties and isoform ratios of brain Na+/K+-ATPase in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Biochim Biophys Acta 1995;1237:143–50.10.1016/0005-2736(95)00099-OSearch in Google Scholar
15. Obochi G, Abara A, Malu S, Obi-Abang M, Edu F, Eteng M, et al. Effect of alcohol and kolanut interaction on brain sodium-pump activity in Wistar albino rats. Niger J Physiol Sci 2007;22:99–104.10.4314/njps.v22i1-2.54855Search in Google Scholar PubMed
16. Becker JB, Arnold AP, Berkley KJ, Blaustein JD, Eckel LA, Hampson E, et al. Strategies and methods for research on sex differences in brain and behavior. Endocrinology 2005;146:1650–73.10.1210/en.2004-1142Search in Google Scholar
17. Wizemann TM, Pardue ML. Exploring the biological contributions to human health: does sex matter? Washington, DC: Board on Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine, 2001.Search in Google Scholar
18. Onyeanusi JC, Ikpe VP. Effect of cola acuminate on blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin in Wistar rats. J Med Lab S 2004;13:41–4.10.4314/jmls.v13i1.35296Search in Google Scholar
19. Alada A, Afolabi O. Effects of caffeine and caffeine-containing kolanut (Cola nitida seed) on glucose tolerance of the rat. FASEB J 2015;29:Suppl:10447.10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.1044.7Search in Google Scholar
20. Oboh G, Nwokocha KE, Akinyemi AJ, Ademiluyi AO. Inhibitory effect of polyphenolic-rich extract from Cola nitida (kolanut) seed on key enzyme linked to type 2 diabetes and Fe2+ induced lipid peroxidation in rat pancreas in vitro. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014;4:405–12.10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C75Search in Google Scholar
21. Hernandez RJ. Na+-K+-ATPase regulation by neurotransmitters. Neurochem Int 1992;20:1–10.10.1016/0197-0186(92)90119-CSearch in Google Scholar
22. Sima A, Sugimoto K. Experimental diabetic neuropathy: an update. Diabetologia 1999;42:773–88.10.1007/s001250051227Search in Google Scholar PubMed
23. Duarte JM, Oliveira CR, Ambrósio AF, Cunha RA. Modification of adenosine A1 and A2A receptor density in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Neurochem Int 2006;48: 144–50.10.1016/j.neuint.2005.08.008Search in Google Scholar PubMed
24. Duarte JM, Carvalho RA, Cunha RA, Gruetter R. Caffeine consumption attenuates neurochemical modifications in the hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Neurochem 2009;111:368–79.10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06349.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed
25. Duarte JM, Agostinho PM, Carvalho RA, Cunha RA. Caffeine consumption prevents diabetes-induced memory impairment and synaptotoxicity in hippocampus of NoNcZNO10/LTJ mice. PLoS One 2012;7:e21899.10.1371/journal.pone.0021899Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Letter to the Editor
- Blister-packed levothyroxine sodium or bottle-packed levothyroxine sodium
- Metabolism
- Comparative hypoglycemic potentials and phytochemical profiles of 12 common leafy culinary vegetables consumed in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria
- Infection
- The effects of oral pregabalin on post-Lichtenstein herniorrhaphic pain: a randomized clinical trial
- Cardiovascular Function
- Influence of age and gender on blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in a healthy population in the Indian sub-continent
- Autonomic responses during acute myocardial infarction in the rat model: implications for arrhythmogenesis
- Phytotherapy
- Role of reactive oxygen species–total antioxidant capacity status in Telfairia occidentalis leaves–associated spermatoprotective effect: a pointer to fatty acids benefit
- Antidiabetic and renoprotective effect of Anogeissus acuminata leaf extract on experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy
- Oxidative Stress
- Aged coconut oil with a high peroxide value induces oxidative stress and tissue damage in mercury-treated rats
- Anti-ulcerogenic effect of the methanol extract of Chasmanthera dependens (Hochst) stem on male Wistar rats
- Hematological Profile
- Evaluation of hematological alterations after therapeutic use of dipyrone in healthy adults: a prospective study
- Hematology and erythrocyte osmotic fragility of the Franquet’s fruit bat (Epomops franqueti)
- Behavior and Neuroprotection
- Haloperidol-induced parkinsonism is attenuated by varenicline in mice
- Antioxidant-mediated neuroprotection by Allium schoenoprasum L. leaf extract against ischemia reperfusion-induced cerebral injury in mice
- Effects of acetone extract of Cola nitida on brain sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity and spatial memory in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic female Wistar rats
- Case Report
- Conservative treatment of postoperative chylothorax: a case report
- Short Communication
- Improved serotonergic neurotransmission by genistein pretreatment regulates symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Letter to the Editor
- Blister-packed levothyroxine sodium or bottle-packed levothyroxine sodium
- Metabolism
- Comparative hypoglycemic potentials and phytochemical profiles of 12 common leafy culinary vegetables consumed in Nsukka, Southeastern Nigeria
- Infection
- The effects of oral pregabalin on post-Lichtenstein herniorrhaphic pain: a randomized clinical trial
- Cardiovascular Function
- Influence of age and gender on blood pressure variability and baroreflex sensitivity in a healthy population in the Indian sub-continent
- Autonomic responses during acute myocardial infarction in the rat model: implications for arrhythmogenesis
- Phytotherapy
- Role of reactive oxygen species–total antioxidant capacity status in Telfairia occidentalis leaves–associated spermatoprotective effect: a pointer to fatty acids benefit
- Antidiabetic and renoprotective effect of Anogeissus acuminata leaf extract on experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy
- Oxidative Stress
- Aged coconut oil with a high peroxide value induces oxidative stress and tissue damage in mercury-treated rats
- Anti-ulcerogenic effect of the methanol extract of Chasmanthera dependens (Hochst) stem on male Wistar rats
- Hematological Profile
- Evaluation of hematological alterations after therapeutic use of dipyrone in healthy adults: a prospective study
- Hematology and erythrocyte osmotic fragility of the Franquet’s fruit bat (Epomops franqueti)
- Behavior and Neuroprotection
- Haloperidol-induced parkinsonism is attenuated by varenicline in mice
- Antioxidant-mediated neuroprotection by Allium schoenoprasum L. leaf extract against ischemia reperfusion-induced cerebral injury in mice
- Effects of acetone extract of Cola nitida on brain sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity and spatial memory in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic female Wistar rats
- Case Report
- Conservative treatment of postoperative chylothorax: a case report
- Short Communication
- Improved serotonergic neurotransmission by genistein pretreatment regulates symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice
