Abstract
The war between Assyria and Egypt resulted in the deportation of scholars from the Nile Valley to Mesopotamia. Among them were the so-called “snake charmers.” While it was a well-known profession in Egypt, this was not the case in Assyria or Babylonia, where the treatment of snakebites and scorpion stings was left to exorcist doctors. A number of clues from the late Neo-Assyrian and Achaemenid Persian periods suggest that the “snake charmers” from Egypt enjoyed success with the kings of the great empires in the Middle East. Their presence most likely resulted from the professional structure and visibility of the Egyptian “snake charmers,” which were relatively absent in Mesopotamia.
References
Abd el-Raziq, M., Castel, G., Tallet, P., and Ghica, V. 2002. Les Inscriptions d’Ayn Soukhna. MIFAO 122. Cairo: Inst. Français d’Archéologie Orientale.Suche in Google Scholar
Abdi, K. 2002a. “Notes on the Iranization of Bes in the Achaemenid Empire.” Ars Orientalis 32: 133–62.Suche in Google Scholar
Abdi, K. 2002b. “An Egyptian Cippus of Horus in the Iran National Museum.” JNES 61/3: 203–10, https://doi.org/10.1086/469023.Suche in Google Scholar
Agut-Labordère, D., and Chauveau, M. 2011. Héros, magiciens et sages de l’Égypte ancienne, Paris: Les Belles Lettres.Suche in Google Scholar
Aounallah, S. ed. (2016). Un monument, un musée. Je suis Bardo. Tunis: Agence du Mise en Valeur et de Promotion Culturelle, Institut National du Patrimoine.Suche in Google Scholar
Aufrère, S. 2012. “Symptomatologie des morsures d’ophidiens d’après le papyrus Brooklyn nos 47.218.48 et 85: aspects épistémologiques d’un texte égyptien ancien recopié au IVe siècle avant notre ère.” In Ophiaka, Vol. 47.1, edited by S. Barbara, J. Trinquier, 223–61. Paris: Anthropozoologica.10.5252/az2012n1a6Suche in Google Scholar
Barbotin, C., and Devauchelle, D. 2006. La voix des hiéroglyphes. Promenade au département des Antiquités égyptiennes du Louvre. Paris: Louvre.Suche in Google Scholar
Brix, N. 2010. “Étude de la faune ophidienne de l’Égypte ancienne I.” Thèse de doctorat, Sciences de l’Antiquité, Strasbourg.Suche in Google Scholar
Derchain, P. 1989. “Harkhébis, le Psylle-Astrologue.” CdÉ 64: 74–89, https://doi.org/10.1484/j.cde.2.308799.Suche in Google Scholar
Finkel, I. 1999. “On Some Dog, Snake and Scorpion Incantations.” In Mesopotamian Magic Textual, Historical, and Interpretative Perspectives, edited by T. Abusch, and K. van der Toorn, pp. 213–50. Groningen: Styx Publications.10.1163/9789004496293_017Suche in Google Scholar
Fischer-Elfert, H.-W. 2015. Magika Hieratika in Berlin, Hannover, Heidelberg und München. Berlin-New York: De Gruyter.Suche in Google Scholar
Fissolo, J.-L. 2001. “Les Astronomes Égyptiens.” ÉAO 21: 15–24.Suche in Google Scholar
Freedman, S. M. 2006a. If a City is Set on a Height: The Akkadian Omen Series Šumma Ālu ina mēlê Šakin. Volume 2: Tablets 22–40. Occasional Publications of the Samuel Noah Kramer Fund 19. Philadelphia: Samuel Noah Kramer Fund.Suche in Google Scholar
Freedman, S. M. 2006b. “BM 129092: A Commentary on Snake Omens, in: If a Man Builds a Joyful House.” in Assyriological Studies in Honor of Erle Verdun Leichty. Cuneiform Monographs 31, edited by Brill, pp. 149–66. Leiden and London: Brill.10.1163/9789047408239_015Suche in Google Scholar
Gardiner, A. H. 1917. “Professional Magicians in Ancient Egypt.” PSBA 39: 34–44.Suche in Google Scholar
Gardiner, A. H. 1938. “The House of Life.” JEA 24, 157–79, https://doi.org/10.2307/3854786.Suche in Google Scholar
Geller, M. J. 1997. “The Last Wedge.” ZA 87, 43–95, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-92267-0_2.Suche in Google Scholar
Geller, M. J. 2010a. Ancient Babylonian Medicine. Theory and Practice. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9781444319996Suche in Google Scholar
Geller, M. J. 2010b. Look to the Stars: Babylonian Medicine, Magic, Astrology and Melothesia. Max Planck Preprint No. 401. Berlin: Max-Planck-Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte.Suche in Google Scholar
Gorre, G. 2009. Les Relations du Clergé Égyptien et des Lagides d’après les Sources Privées. Studia Hellenistica 45. Leuven: Peeters.Suche in Google Scholar
Goyon, J.-C. 1971. “Un parallèle tardif d’une formule des inscriptions de la statue prophylactique de Ramsès III au Musée du Caire (Papyrus Brooklyn 47.218.138, col. X+13, 9 à 15).” JEA 57: 154–59, https://doi.org/10.2307/3855954.Suche in Google Scholar
Goyon, J.-C. 2012. Le recueil de prophylaxie contre les agressions des animaux venimeux du Musée de Brooklyn. Papyrus Wilbour 47.218.138. Studien zur spätägyptischen Religion 5. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Suche in Google Scholar
Grandet, P. 1994. Le papyrus Harris I, Vols. 1–2. Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire.Suche in Google Scholar
Guermeur, I. 2013. Entre médecine et magie: l’exemple du papyrus Brooklyn 47.218.2, Vol. 71, pp. 11–22. Égypte, Afrique & Orient.Suche in Google Scholar
Jansen-Winkeln, K. 1998. “Beitrage zu den Privatinschriften der Spätzeit.” ZÄS 125: 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1524/zaes.1998.125.1.1.Suche in Google Scholar
Jean, C. 2006. La magie néo-assyrienne en contexte. Recherches sur le métier d’exorciste et le concept d’āšipūtu. SAAS 17. The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Jelinkova-Reymond, E. 1956. Les Inscriptions guérisseuses de Djed-Her le Sauveur. Cairo: IFAO.Suche in Google Scholar
von Känel, F. 1980. “Les mésaventures du Conjurateur de Serket Onnophris et de son tombeau.” BSFE 87–88: 31–45.Suche in Google Scholar
von Känel, F. 1984. Les prêtres-ouâb de Sekhmet et les conjurateurs de Serket. Bibliothèque de l’École des Hautes Études. Section des sciences religieuses 87. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.Suche in Google Scholar
Labat, R. 1951. Traité akkadien et diagnostics et pronostics médicaux. Paris and Leiden: Academie Internationale d’Histoire des Sciences.10.1163/9789004625655Suche in Google Scholar
Lacau, P. 1971. “Le signe m.” BIFAO 69: 239–43.Suche in Google Scholar
Ladynin, I. A. 2014. “An Egyptian priestly corporation at Iran: a possible Case of ‘forced mobility’ on the eve of the madeconian Conquest.” In Mobilität in den Kulturen der antiken Mittelmeerwelt. Stuttgarter Kolloquium zur Historischen Geographie des Altertums 11, eds. E. Olshausen and V. Sauer, pp. 343–54. Stuttgart: Steiner.Suche in Google Scholar
Layard, A. H. 1853. Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon. London: John Murray.Suche in Google Scholar
Leichty, E. 2011. The Royal Inscriptions of Esarhaddon, King of Assyria (680–669 BCE). Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period 4. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.10.1515/9781575066462Suche in Google Scholar
Meeks, D. 2016. “Review of fischer-elfert, magika hieratika.” CdÉ 91: 80–4.Suche in Google Scholar
Mirelman, S. 2015. “Birds, Balaĝs, and Snakes (K.4206+).” JCS 67: 169–86, https://doi.org/10.5615/jcunestud.67.2015.0169.Suche in Google Scholar
Neugebauer, O., and Parker, R. A. 1969. Egyptian Astronomical Texts III: Decans, Planets, Constellations and Zodiacs. Brown Egyptological Studies 6. Providence, RI: Brown University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Parpola, S. 1993. Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. State Archives of Assyria X. The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press.Suche in Google Scholar
Perdu, O. 1985. “Le monument de Samtoutefnakht à Naples.” RdÉ 36: 89–113, https://doi.org/10.2143/re.36.0.2011673.Suche in Google Scholar
Perdu, O., ed. (2012). Le Crépuscule des pharaons. Anvers: Fonds Mercator Editions.Suche in Google Scholar
Posener, G. 1936. La première domination perse. Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques. Cairo: IFAO.Suche in Google Scholar
Qahéri, S. 2020. Objets égyptiens et égyptianisants d’époque achéménide conservés en Iran. Paris-Louvain-New York: Peeters.10.2307/j.ctv1q26r4rSuche in Google Scholar
Quack, J. F. 2003. “Le Manuel du Temple. Une nouvelle source sur la vie des prêtres égyptiens.” Égypte, Afrique & Orient 29: 11–18.Suche in Google Scholar
Quack, J. F. 2013. “Rezension zu Jean-Claude Goyon, Le recueil de prophylaxie contre les agressions des animaux venimeux du Musée de Brooklyn (Papyrus Brooklyn 47.218.138) (SSR 5).” Welt des Orients 43: 256–72.Suche in Google Scholar
Radner, K. 2009. “The Assyrian king and his scholars: the syro-Anatolian and the Egyptian schools.” In Of God(s), Trees, Kings and Scholars. Neo-Assyrian and Related Studies in Honour of Simo Parpola, edited by M. Luukko, A. Svärd, and R. Mattila, pp. 221–38. Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Society.Suche in Google Scholar
Ray, J. D. 2013. Demotic Ostraca and Other Inscriptions from the Sacred Ani- mal Necropolis, North Saqqara. Texts from Excavations 16. London: Egypt Exploration Society.Suche in Google Scholar
Rémondon, R. 1964. “Problème du bilinguisme dans l’Egypte lagide (UPZ I, 148).” CdÉ 39: 126–46, https://doi.org/10.1484/j.cde.2.307986.Suche in Google Scholar
Roccati, A. 2001. Magica Taurinensia: Il libro magico di Torino e i suoi duplicati. AnOr 56, Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico.Suche in Google Scholar
Rouffet, F. 2009. “Le ‘venin éconduit’ ou les dangers de son expulsion (O. DeM 1046).” ENiM 2: 1–8.Suche in Google Scholar
Satzinger, H. 1996. “Der Amonpriester Horus-vom-Busch: eine saïtische Hockerstatue neu in Wien.” InWege öffnen. Festschrift für Rolf Gundlach. Ägypten und Altes Testament 35, edited by R. Gundlach and M. Schade-Busch, pp. 258–63, pl. 19b. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Suche in Google Scholar
Sauneron, S. 1989. Un traité égyptien d’ophiologie. Papyrus du Brooklyn Museum No. 47.218.48 et 85. Bibliothèque générale 11. Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale.Suche in Google Scholar
Shaw, I. 2012. Ancient Egyptian Technology and Innovation. Bristol: Bloomsbury.Suche in Google Scholar
Steiner, R. 2001. “The scorpion spell from Wadi Hammamat: another Aramaic text in demotic script.” JNES 60/4: 259–68, https://doi.org/10.1086/468948.Suche in Google Scholar
Tallet, P. 2002. “Notes sur le Ouadi Maghara et sa région au Moyen Empire.” BIFAO 102: 371–87.Suche in Google Scholar
Tallet, P. 2011. “Les conjurateurs de Serket et repousseurs de scorpions au Sinaï à la fin de la XIIe dynastie.” In De Cybèle à Isis, edited by J.-P. Montesino, pp. 3–11. Paris: Cybele.Suche in Google Scholar
Veldhuis, N. 1993. “An Ur III Incantation Against the Bite of a Snake, a Scorpion or a Dog.” ZA 83/II: 161–69.10.1515/za-1993-0122Suche in Google Scholar
Verhoeven, U. 2001. Untersuchungen zur späthieratischen Buchschrift. OLA 99. Leuven: Peeters.Suche in Google Scholar
Vittmann, G. 1984. “Ein Zauberspruch gegen Skorpione in Wadi Hammamat.” In Grammata demotika: Festschrift für Erich Lüddeckens zum 15. Juni 1983, edited by H.-J. Thissen and K.-T. Zauzich, pp. 245–56, pl. 35. Würzburg Zauzich.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Scholars, Priests, and Temples: Babylonian and Egyptian Science in Context. Introduction
- Part I. Priests, scholars, and their communities
- Charming Snakes (and Kings), from Egypt to Persia
- The Descendants of the Sîn-lēqi-unnīnī during the Late Achaemenid and Early Hellenistic Periods – A Family of Priests, Scribes and Scholars and Their Archival and Learned Texts
- Priestly Scholars in Late Egypt: The Theoretical Side
- Stellar Scientists: The Egyptian Temple Astrologers
- Part II. Developments in scholarship
- Berossus and the Creation Story
- From Tablet to Talmud: Canonised Knowledge in Late Antiquity
- The Religious Sciences in Ancient Egypt
- Egyptian Scholars, Priests and Temples between Autonomy and State Authority
- Weather Prediction in Babylonia
- The Continued Relevance of MUL.APIN in Late Babylonian Astronomy
- Writing History Under Empire: The Babylonian Chronicle Reconsidered
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Scholars, Priests, and Temples: Babylonian and Egyptian Science in Context. Introduction
- Part I. Priests, scholars, and their communities
- Charming Snakes (and Kings), from Egypt to Persia
- The Descendants of the Sîn-lēqi-unnīnī during the Late Achaemenid and Early Hellenistic Periods – A Family of Priests, Scribes and Scholars and Their Archival and Learned Texts
- Priestly Scholars in Late Egypt: The Theoretical Side
- Stellar Scientists: The Egyptian Temple Astrologers
- Part II. Developments in scholarship
- Berossus and the Creation Story
- From Tablet to Talmud: Canonised Knowledge in Late Antiquity
- The Religious Sciences in Ancient Egypt
- Egyptian Scholars, Priests and Temples between Autonomy and State Authority
- Weather Prediction in Babylonia
- The Continued Relevance of MUL.APIN in Late Babylonian Astronomy
- Writing History Under Empire: The Babylonian Chronicle Reconsidered