Abstract
Based on multidimensional equivalent water height (EWH) time series in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau recovered from GRACE data, rotated multi-channel singular spectrum analysis (RMSSA) was employed to separate and reconstruct its more accurate local mode of inter-annual oscillations of terrestrial water storage (TWS). The results show that RMSSA could effectively suppress the mode mixture of MSSA, and improve the physical interpretation of the inter-annual oscillations of TWS. Three significant inter-annual oscillations with periods of 6.1a, 3.4a, and 2.5a have been found in the multidimensional EWH series in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), which account for 38.5 %, 23.5 %, and 16.7 % of the total variance, respectively (after the seasonal and long term have been deducted). The spatial patterns and propagation paths of these three inter-annual oscillations are different and exhibit their own independent local characteristics. Based on the analysis of multi-source GRACE GSM data, the results show that the data solution errors have little influence on the extraction of inter-annual oscillations of TWS. The significant 6.4a, 3.5a, and 2.5a inter-annual oscillations are also found in CPC hydrologic model in the QTP using RMSSA, which account for 22.9, 29.9, and 19.3 % of the total variance, respectively. Three inter-annual oscillations separated from GRACE and CPC show similar spatial patterns and significant cross-correlations, respectively. The maximum cross-correlation coefficients are above 0.5 at the 95 % confidence level over 42, 71, and 75 % of the grids in the QTP, respectively. The results indicate that the soil moisture and terrestrial water storage from GRACE have common inter-annual oscillations and corresponding driving factors in the QTP. We conclude that these three inter-annual oscillations of TWS can be explained by the influence of the Arctic oscillation, oceanic Niña, and Indian Ocean dipole.
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 41804010
Funding source: National Key Research and Development Program of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 2018YFC1503606
Funding statement: This research was funded by The Science and Technology Innovation Fund of the First Monitoring and Application Center, CEA, No. FMC2022001; National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 41804010; National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2018YFC1503606.
Acknowledgment
We acknowledge the CSR, JPL and GFZ for providing the GRACE data, CPC for providing soil moisture data, and NOAA and JAMSTEC for providing the climate indexes data. The figures are generated using the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) software.
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Author contributions: CDZ contributed to the design of the study, data processing, analysis of results, and manuscript writing. WZ contributed to reviewing and editing the manuscript.
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Conflict of interest: All the authors declare no competing financial and non-financial interests.
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© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Construction of precise three-dimensional engineering control network with total station and laser tracker
- Combination of three global Moho density contrast models by a weighted least-squares procedure
- Optimization of baseline configuration in a GNSS network (Nile Delta network, Egypt) – A case study
- Investigation of determining the accuracy of spatial vectors by the satellite method in a real time mode
- Inter-annual oscillations of terrestrial water storage in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau from GRACE data
- Accuracy assessment of available airborne gravity data in the central western desert of Egypt
- Reduction as an improvement of a precise satellite positioning based on an ambiguity function
- Determination of local geometric geoid model for Kuwait
- The use of gravity data to determine orthometric heights at the Hong Kong territories
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Construction of precise three-dimensional engineering control network with total station and laser tracker
- Combination of three global Moho density contrast models by a weighted least-squares procedure
- Optimization of baseline configuration in a GNSS network (Nile Delta network, Egypt) – A case study
- Investigation of determining the accuracy of spatial vectors by the satellite method in a real time mode
- Inter-annual oscillations of terrestrial water storage in Qinghai-Tibetan plateau from GRACE data
- Accuracy assessment of available airborne gravity data in the central western desert of Egypt
- Reduction as an improvement of a precise satellite positioning based on an ambiguity function
- Determination of local geometric geoid model for Kuwait
- The use of gravity data to determine orthometric heights at the Hong Kong territories