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“The Romans Will Win!” Q 30:2‒7 in Light of 7th c. Political Eschatology

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Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 24. März 2018
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Der Islam
Aus der Zeitschrift Der Islam Band 95 Heft 1

Abstract:

This article addresses a prophecy found in vv. 2‒7 of the thirtieth Qurʾānic sūra, known as al-Rūm (“The Romans”). These verses report on the Romans’ (al-Rūm) involvement in a conflict against an unnamed enemy and predict its eventual outcome. The passage refers to the conflict between the Byzantines and Sasanians that lasted for about thirty years during the first three decades of the 7th c. (602‒628 CE). These verses are usually considered to be the only Qurʾānic allusion to a historical event that can be confirmed by sources external to the Islamic tradition. In this study I will argue that the prophecy on the Rūm has close parallels with other prophecies on the war that were circulating in the Middle East in the first half of the 7th c. The contextualization and comparison with other 7th c. prophecies will provide us with a better understanding of the Qurʾānic passage.

Keywords: Qurʾān; early Islam; al-Rūm; Q 30:2‒7; Byzantines; Sasanians; Heraclius; Apocalypticism

Article note: A Patricia (“e u so ben t’ammii u mä ’n pò ciû au largu du dulú”). I am grateful to David Powers and John Reeves for their useful comments.

Published Online: 2018-3-24
Published in Print: 2018-3-22

© 2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Titelseiten
  2. Articles
  3. “The Romans Will Win!” Q 30:2‒7 in Light of 7th c. Political Eschatology
  4. Muḥammad the Paraclete and ʿAlī the Messiah: New Remarks on the Origins of Islam and of Shiʿite Imamology
  5. Sasanian Amulet Practices and their Survival in Islamic Iran and Beyond
  6. Dalāʾil al-Nubuwwa Literature as Part of the Medieval Scholarly Discourse on Prophecy
  7. The ʿAbbāsid Revolution in Marw: New Data
  8. Truth and Politics in Late Medieval Arabic Historiography: the Formation of Sultan Barsbāy’s State (1422‒1438) and the Narratives of the Amir Qurqumās al-Shaʿbānī (d. 1438)
  9. Quand une édition imprimée redevient manuscrit: le Kitāb al-Masālik d’Ibn Ḥawqal (Rabat, Fondation ʿAllāl al-Fāsī, ʿayn 608)
  10. Reviews
  11. Lyall R. Armstrong, The Quṣṣāṣ of Early Islam, Leiden: Brill 2017, xii + 341 S., ISBN: 9789004335516.
  12. Teresa Bernheimer, The ʿAlids: The First Family of Islam, 750‒1200, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013, 119 pp., notes, bibliography, index. ISBN 978 0 7486 3847 5 (hardback).
  13. Olivier Bouquet, Les noblesses du nom. Essai d’anthroponymie ottomane, Turnhout: Brepols, 2013, 399 p., ISBN: 978-2-503-55027-5.
  14. Michel Cuypers, The Composition of the Qurʾan: Rhetorical Analysis, translated by Jerry Ryan. London/New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015, ISBN 9784147227483 (hardcover).
  15. Najam Haider, Shīʿī Islam. An Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014, 243 p., ISBN 978-1-107-62578-5.
  16. Peter Jackson, The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, 2017, xxii, 614 S. ISBN 978-0-300-12533-7.
  17. Martin Jacobs, Reorienting the East. Jewish Travelers to the Medieval Muslim World, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014, xi+331 pages, ISBN978-0-8122-4622-3.
  18. Jacob Lassner, Medieval Jerusalem: Forging an Islamic City in Spaces Sacred to Christians and Jews, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2017, xxv, 242 pp., 7 b/w figures, ISBN: 9780472130368 (hardcover), 9780472122868 (e-book).
  19. Wilferd Madelung, ed., Avicenna’s Allegory on the Soul: an Ismaili Interpretation. An Arabic Edition and English Translation of ʿAlī b. Muḥammad b. al-Walīd’s al-Risāla al-mufīda (Ismaili Texts and Translations Series 22), edited by Wilferd Madelung, translated and introduced by Toby Mayer, London/New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers in association with The Institute of Ismaili Studies, 168 pp. (Eng.) + 40 pp. (Ar.), 2016, ISBN 10: 1784530883; ISBN 13: 9781784530884.
  20. James E. Montgomery, Al-Jāḥiẓ: In Praise of Books, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (Edinburgh Studies in Classical Arabic Literature) 2013, 586pp, ISBN 978 0 7486 8332 1.
  21. Muhsin J. al-Musawi, The Medieval Islamic Republic of Letters. Arabic Knowledge Construction, Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 2015, 449 pp., 9 Illustrations, Appendix, ISBN 0-268-02044-2 (Paperback).
  22. Oktay Özel, The Collapse of Rural Order in Ottoman Anatolia: Amasya 1576‒1643. Leiden: Brill, 2016, xii, 282 pp., ISBN 9789004309715.
  23. A.C.S. Peacock, The Great Seljuk Empire, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015. With illustrations and maps, 378 p. incl. appendices, bibliography, and index, ISBN: Paperback: 9780748638260, Hardback: 9780748638253
  24. Michael Philip Penn, Envisioning Islam: Syriac Christians and the Early Muslim World (Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion), Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015, 294 pp., ISBN 9780812247220 (cloth), ISBN 9780812224023 (paperback) ISBN 9780812291445 (E-book)
  25. Sabine Schmidtke, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, xi und 815 Seiten, ISBN 978-0-19-969670-3.
  26. Élise Voguet, Le monde rural du Maghreb central (XIVe–XVe siècles). Réalités sociales et constructions juridiques d’après les Nawāzil Māzūna. Bibliothèque Historique des Pays d’Islam 5, Collection dirigée par Christophe Picard et Pierre Vermeren, Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2014, 512 p., ISBN-10: 2859447784, ISBN-13: 978-2859447786
  27. Andreas Wilde, What is Beyond the River? Power, Authority and Social Order in Transoxiana, 18th‒19th Centuries, xvi, 1101 S. in drei Bänden, fortlaufend paginiert, Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2016 (Veröffentlichungen zur Iranistik Nr. 80). ISBN 978-3-7001-7866-8.
https://doi.org/10.1515/islam-2018-0001
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Qurʾān; early Islam; al-Rūm; Q 30:2‒7; Byzantines; Sasanians; Heraclius; Apocalypticism

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Titelseiten
  2. Articles
  3. “The Romans Will Win!” Q 30:2‒7 in Light of 7th c. Political Eschatology
  4. Muḥammad the Paraclete and ʿAlī the Messiah: New Remarks on the Origins of Islam and of Shiʿite Imamology
  5. Sasanian Amulet Practices and their Survival in Islamic Iran and Beyond
  6. Dalāʾil al-Nubuwwa Literature as Part of the Medieval Scholarly Discourse on Prophecy
  7. The ʿAbbāsid Revolution in Marw: New Data
  8. Truth and Politics in Late Medieval Arabic Historiography: the Formation of Sultan Barsbāy’s State (1422‒1438) and the Narratives of the Amir Qurqumās al-Shaʿbānī (d. 1438)
  9. Quand une édition imprimée redevient manuscrit: le Kitāb al-Masālik d’Ibn Ḥawqal (Rabat, Fondation ʿAllāl al-Fāsī, ʿayn 608)
  10. Reviews
  11. Lyall R. Armstrong, The Quṣṣāṣ of Early Islam, Leiden: Brill 2017, xii + 341 S., ISBN: 9789004335516.
  12. Teresa Bernheimer, The ʿAlids: The First Family of Islam, 750‒1200, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013, 119 pp., notes, bibliography, index. ISBN 978 0 7486 3847 5 (hardback).
  13. Olivier Bouquet, Les noblesses du nom. Essai d’anthroponymie ottomane, Turnhout: Brepols, 2013, 399 p., ISBN: 978-2-503-55027-5.
  14. Michel Cuypers, The Composition of the Qurʾan: Rhetorical Analysis, translated by Jerry Ryan. London/New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2015, ISBN 9784147227483 (hardcover).
  15. Najam Haider, Shīʿī Islam. An Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014, 243 p., ISBN 978-1-107-62578-5.
  16. Peter Jackson, The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, 2017, xxii, 614 S. ISBN 978-0-300-12533-7.
  17. Martin Jacobs, Reorienting the East. Jewish Travelers to the Medieval Muslim World, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014, xi+331 pages, ISBN978-0-8122-4622-3.
  18. Jacob Lassner, Medieval Jerusalem: Forging an Islamic City in Spaces Sacred to Christians and Jews, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2017, xxv, 242 pp., 7 b/w figures, ISBN: 9780472130368 (hardcover), 9780472122868 (e-book).
  19. Wilferd Madelung, ed., Avicenna’s Allegory on the Soul: an Ismaili Interpretation. An Arabic Edition and English Translation of ʿAlī b. Muḥammad b. al-Walīd’s al-Risāla al-mufīda (Ismaili Texts and Translations Series 22), edited by Wilferd Madelung, translated and introduced by Toby Mayer, London/New York: I.B. Tauris Publishers in association with The Institute of Ismaili Studies, 168 pp. (Eng.) + 40 pp. (Ar.), 2016, ISBN 10: 1784530883; ISBN 13: 9781784530884.
  20. James E. Montgomery, Al-Jāḥiẓ: In Praise of Books, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (Edinburgh Studies in Classical Arabic Literature) 2013, 586pp, ISBN 978 0 7486 8332 1.
  21. Muhsin J. al-Musawi, The Medieval Islamic Republic of Letters. Arabic Knowledge Construction, Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press, 2015, 449 pp., 9 Illustrations, Appendix, ISBN 0-268-02044-2 (Paperback).
  22. Oktay Özel, The Collapse of Rural Order in Ottoman Anatolia: Amasya 1576‒1643. Leiden: Brill, 2016, xii, 282 pp., ISBN 9789004309715.
  23. A.C.S. Peacock, The Great Seljuk Empire, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015. With illustrations and maps, 378 p. incl. appendices, bibliography, and index, ISBN: Paperback: 9780748638260, Hardback: 9780748638253
  24. Michael Philip Penn, Envisioning Islam: Syriac Christians and the Early Muslim World (Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion), Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015, 294 pp., ISBN 9780812247220 (cloth), ISBN 9780812224023 (paperback) ISBN 9780812291445 (E-book)
  25. Sabine Schmidtke, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Islamic Theology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, xi und 815 Seiten, ISBN 978-0-19-969670-3.
  26. Élise Voguet, Le monde rural du Maghreb central (XIVe–XVe siècles). Réalités sociales et constructions juridiques d’après les Nawāzil Māzūna. Bibliothèque Historique des Pays d’Islam 5, Collection dirigée par Christophe Picard et Pierre Vermeren, Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2014, 512 p., ISBN-10: 2859447784, ISBN-13: 978-2859447786
  27. Andreas Wilde, What is Beyond the River? Power, Authority and Social Order in Transoxiana, 18th‒19th Centuries, xvi, 1101 S. in drei Bänden, fortlaufend paginiert, Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2016 (Veröffentlichungen zur Iranistik Nr. 80). ISBN 978-3-7001-7866-8.
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