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Translation research and the space for translanguaging: a systematic review of translation literature in secondary and higher education EFL contexts

  • Gede Eka Putrawan ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Marianne Turner ORCID logo and Minh Hue Nguyen ORCID logo
Published/Copyright: June 13, 2025
International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching
From the journal International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching

Abstract

This paper is a systematic review of the literature on translation in English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching in secondary and higher education settings. The review was conducted in order to explore translation-in-education research in relation to a translanguaging lens. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We used both inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify the literature collection in the Scopus database from 2014 to 2024, and a total of 44 publications out of 471 identified were included for review. All the studies under review, whether for experimental, teaching, or learning purposes, showed that translation played various roles in EFL teaching and learning, and machine technology (MT) was a particular focus. Translation was found to provide a number of advantages for language learners of varying proficiency levels, especially those with lower English proficiency, and attitudes towards translation were mostly positive. The main focus of the majority of the studies, however, was on understanding aspects of language, such as specific vocabulary and grammar, rather than on the act – or process – of translating. Suggestions for creating space for empirical research on translanguaging in translation scholarship are discussed.

Keywords: bilingualism; machine translation; multilingualism; PRISMA; translanguaging; translation
Corresponding author: Gede Eka Putrawan, Faculty of Education, Monash University, 29 Ancora Imparo Way, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

We would like to extend the first author’s sincere gratitude to Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan (The Indonesia Endowment Funds for Education – LPDP), Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, for supporting and funding his PhD studies.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  3. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  4. Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.

  5. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest

  6. Research funding: None declared

  7. Data availability: Not applicable.

Appendix 1: The different roles of translation in EFL teaching and learning

No. Author(s) Year Title Setting Country Data collection Purpose MTa Attitude
Teacher Student
1 Multiple roles of translation
1 Adil, Mohammad 2020 Exploring the role of translation in communicative language teaching or the communicative approach University Saudi Arabia Questionnaire Teaching Χ Mostly positive N/Ac
2 Akramy, Sayeed Asif; Habibzada, Sayed Abdullah; Hashemi, Aminuddin 2022 Afghan EFL teachers’ perceptions towards Grammar-Translation Method (GTM) University and language centres Afghanistan Questionnaire Teaching Χ Mostly positive N/A
3 Kaharuddin 2022 E-Learning during the COVID-19 outbreak: The effect of the grammar translation method and the direct method on students’ English competence University Indonesia Questionnaire Teaching Χ N/A N/A
4 Fazal, Shawana; Majoka, Muhammad Iqbal; Khan, Muhammad Ilyas; Masood, Sobia 2017 Technologies supported communicative grammar translation model: A motivational agent for English learning University Pakistan Semi-structured interviews Teaching Χ N/A Mostly positive
5 Boubekri, Abdellah El 2022 Investigating teachers’ perceptions of L1 use in English as a foreign language Moroccan secondary classrooms: A post-communicative perspective Secondary schools Morocco Questionnaire Teaching Χ Ambiguous N/A
6 Luke, Joice Yulinda;

Wiharja, Chandra Kurniawan;

Sidupa, Christiana		 2018 The effectiveness level and positive values of practicing translation using mobile app DUOLINGO for Indonesian freshmen students. University Indonesia Questionnaire (survey) Teaching √ N/A Mostly positive
7 Smagul, Aidana 2024 L1 and translation use in EFL classrooms: A quantitative survey on teachers’ attitudes in Kazakhstani secondary schools Secondary schools Kazakhstan Questionnaire Teaching Χ Ambiguous N/A
8 Emelyanova, Yana 2024 The role of L2 translation activities in translation-oriented foreign language teaching: A student’s perspective University Russia Translation task and questionnaire Teaching Χ N/A Mostly positive
9 Ata, Murat; Debreli, Emre 2021 Machine translation in the language classroom: Turkish EFL learners’ and instructors’ perceptions and use University Turkey Questionnaire Teaching and learningb √ Mostly positive Mostly positive
10 Asgarian, Amir; Vefalı, Gülşen Musayeva 2015 How do English translation majors use translation strategies? A survey of the Iranian EFL context University Iran Questionnaire Learning Χ N/A Mostly positive
11 Putrawan, Gede Eka; Mustika, I Wayan; Riadi, Bambang 2019 A study on EFL learners’ belief about translation as a learning strategy in Indonesia University Indonesia Questionnaire Learning Χ N/A Mostly positive
12 Briggs, Neil 2018 Neural machine translation tools in the language learning classroom: Students’ use, perceptions, and analyses University South Korea Questionnaire and students’ evaluation of MT outputs Learning √ N/A Mostly positive
13 Rangsarittikun, Ronnakrit 2023 Jumping on the Bandwagon: Thai students’ perceptions and practices of implementing Google Translate in their EFL classrooms University Thailand Questionnaire Learning √ N/A Mostly positive
14 Zhan, Ya-Ting; Hsu, Hsiao-Tung 2024 A preliminary study on exploring the use of translation apps and post-editing strategies of university students University Taiwan Questionnaire Learning √ N/A Mostly positive
2 Writing
15 Chung, Eun Seon; Ahn, Soojin 2022 The effect of using machine translation on linguistic features in L2 writing across proficiency levels and text genres University South Korea Writing tasks and survey Experimental √ N/A Mostly positive
16 Chon, Yuah V; Shin, Dongkwang; Kim, Go Eun 2021 Comparing L2 learners’ writing against parallel machine-translated texts: Raters’ assessment, linguistic complexity and errors University South Korea Writing tasks Experimental √ N/A N/A
17 Lee, Sangmin-Michelle;

Briggs, Neil		 2021 Effects of using machine translation to mediate the revision process of Korean university students’ academic writing University South Korea Writing tasks Experimental √ N/A N/A
18 Ramsden, Takako 2021 Paraphrasing translation as a strategy to help L2 learners develop their L2 productive competence: Pedagogical perspectives High school Japan Translation tests and questionnaire Experimental Χ N/A Mostly positive
19 Zhang, Limei 2023 Empowering Chinese college students in English as a foreign language writing classes: Translanguaging with translation methods University China Writing tasks and interviews Experimental Χ N/A Mostly positive
20 Nowroozzadeh, Negar; Bayat, Abbas; Mehrpooya, Abbas 2024 Boosting a language skill by employing translation in task-based language teaching: News-story writing in focus University Iran Writing tasks Experimental Χ N/A N/A
21 Chang, Peichin; Chen, Pin Ju; Lai, Li Ling 2024 Recursive editing with Google Translate: the impact on writing and error correction University Taiwan Error correction test, essay writing, questionnaire Experimental √ N/A Mostly positive
22 Tsai, Shu Chiao 2019 Using Google Translate in EFL drafts: a preliminary investigation University Taiwan Writing tasks and questionnaire Teaching √ N/A Mostly positive
23 Tsai, Shu Chiao 2022 Chinese students’ perceptions of using Google Translate as a translingual CALL tool in EFL writing University Taiwan Writing tasks and questionnaire Teaching √ N/A Mostly positive
24 Sun, Yu Chih;

Yang, Fang Ying		 2023 Exploring the process and strategies of Chinese-English abstract writing using machine translation tools University Taiwan Abstract writing task, survey, interviews Teaching √ N/A Mostly positive
25 Lee, Sangmin-Michelle 2022 An investigation of machine translation output quality and the influencing factors of source texts University South Korea Writing tasks Teaching √ N/A N/A
26 Wang, Yijen 2024 Cognitive and sociocultural dynamics of self-regulated use of machine translation and generative AI tools in academic EFL writing University Japan Surveys and writing journals Teaching √ N/A Mostly positive
27 Yuasa, Mariko; Takeuchi, Osamu 2024 Strategic use of machine translation: A case study of Japanese EFL university students University Japan Observation (via Zoom), stimulated-recall interviews, writing tasks Teaching √ N/A Mostly positive
3 New vocabulary learning
28 Lo, Siowai 2023 Neural machine translation in EFL classrooms: learners’ vocabulary improvement, immediate vocabulary retention and delayed vocabulary retention University Macao Writing tasks Experimental √ N/A N/A
29 Jahangard, Ali 2022 Form-focused instruction in second language vocabulary learning: A case for contrastive analysis and translation (A conceptual replication study) University Iran Reading task, oral task, and translation task Experimental Χ N/A N/A
30 Chang, Le;

Ding, Yumeng		 2021 Comparing the effects of different post-listening output tasks on second language incidental vocabulary acquisition: Revisiting the involvement load hypothesis University China Listening material with three output tasks (gap-filling, translation, and sentence-making) Experimental Χ N/A N/A
31 Alanazi, Zaha 2023 Data-driven learning tasks and involvement load hypothesis University Saudi Arabia Reading task and translation task Experimental Χ N/A N/A
32 Shabani, Gholamhossein;

Dogolsara, Shokoufeh Abbasi		 2023 A comparative study on the impact of lexical inferencing, extended audio glossing, and frequency mode of input instruction on EFL learners’ lexical collocation knowledge University Iran Collocation test Experimental Χ N/A N/A
33 Morabit, Salma El; Manegre, Marni 2024 Comparing student-centered learning in a video-based app to the grammar-translation method in an EFL class Secondary schools Spain Pre-questionnaire, vocabulary pre- and post-tests, post-questionnaire Experimental Χ N/A Mostly positive
34 Sabtan Y.M.N.; Omar A.; Hamouda W.I. 2024 Exploring the role of machine translation in translating English collocations into Arabic: Insights from student translators University Oman Translation tasks Teaching √ N/A N/A
4 Cross-cultural and contextual understanding
35 Ahrari, Ramin; Jamali, Ramineh 2018 Collaborative translation tasks: The case of figurative language Private English language school Iran Figurative language test and semi-structured interviews Experimental Χ N/A Mostly positive
36 Derakhshan, Ali;

Eslami, Zohreh R		 2020 The effect of metapragmatic awareness, interactive translation, and discussion through video-enhanced input on EFL learners’ comprehension of implicature University Iran Implicature listening test Experimental Χ N/A N/A
37 Jayantini, I. Gusti Agung Sri Rwa; Surata, Sang Putu Kaler; Hikmaharyanti, Putu Desi Anggerina; Ariyaningsih, Ni Nyoman Deni 2023 The utilization of Balinese cultural terms by EFL students in their English writing University Indonesia Writing task Teaching Χ N/A N/A
38 Kim, Young Mi 2023 A study of intercultural pragmatic strategies of ELF learners in translation University South Korea Translated texts (of a storybook) Teaching Χ N/A N/A
5 Reading
39 Kim, Hea Suk; Cha, Yoonjung 2023 The role of AI translators on reading comprehension University South Korea Reading tests, questionnaire, and interviews Experimental √ N/A Mostly positive
40 Maghsoudi, Mojtaba; Mirzaeian, Vahid 2020 Machine versus human translation outputs: Which one results in better reading comprehension among EFL learners? University Iran Reading tests and semi-structured interviews Experimental √ N/A Mostly positive
6 Cross-linguistic and multimodal communication
41 Baek, Hyunah; Tae, Jini; Lee, Yoonhyoung; Choi, Wonil 2022 Effects of native translation frequency and L2 proficiency on L2 word recognition: Evidence from Korean speakers of English as a foreign language University South Korea Lexical decision task Experimental Χ N/A N/A
42 Gyogi, Eiko; Lee, Vivian 2022 Multimodality in translation: a look into EFL and JSL classrooms University South Korea and Japan Students’ learning journals Teaching Χ N/A N/A
7 Collaborative engagement
43 Yang, Xianmin;

Guo, Xiaoshan;

Yu, Shengquan		 2016 Effects of cooperative translation on Chinese EFL student levels of interest and self-efficacy in specialized English translation University China Questionnaire, translation tests, and focus group interviews Experimental Χ N/A Mostly positive
44 Mohamadi, Zohre

Rahimpour, Massoud		 2018 Task types and discursive features: Mediating role of meta-talk in focus University Iran Tasks (text reconstruction, dictogloss, translation and jigsaw), students’ interaction (audio-recorded), survey via Telegram Experimental Χ N/A Mostly positive

  1. aMachine translation. bThis study had a dual purpose: teaching and learning. cNot available.

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Received: 2025-02-15
Accepted: 2025-05-25
Published Online: 2025-06-13

© 2025 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

https://doi.org/10.1515/iral-2025-0036
Keywords for this article
bilingualism; machine translation; multilingualism; PRISMA; translanguaging; translation
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