Structuring step dependent characteristics in joining using pin-like structures in the vibration welding process
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Michael Wolf
and
Dietmar Drummer
Abstract
With this study, correlations in the structuring step of pin-like joining were derived. Increased friction energy due to higher amplitude or force leads to a reduction in structuring time. Changes in thermo-mechanical properties for humid specimens result in increased process times. The theoretical geometry of the pin-like structures is well reproduced in the lower pin area, regardless of the process control. In the upper pin area, increased force and amplitude results in increased defects and air inclusions as a result of an accelerate and more inhomogeneous pin formation. Humidity does not affect the general pin geometry, but should be avoided due to increased air inclusions that can weaken the structure. For the multi-material joints, high bond strengths of up to 30 % of the base material (max. 50 % possible with the geometry used) can be achieved. Therefore, a minimum undercut is required. Once this is reached, the pin defects and the corresponding pin-foot ratio are decisive for the resulting bond quality.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding this study within the project DFG-432470536 “Joining by using pin-like structures in welding processes”. Further, the authors would like to thank the BASF AG, the Evonik Industries AG, and the Sabic Europe B.V. for providing the used materials.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: German Research Foundation (DFG), DFG-432470536 “Joining by using pin-like structures in welding processes.
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Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.
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- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Investigation of the effects of water uptake on the mechanical properties of wood dust particle filled Prosopis Juliflora reinforced phenol formaldehyde hybrid polymer composites
- Experimental investigation on mechanical and tribological analysis of pineapple leaf (Ananas comosus) and sisal (Agave sisalana) fibers reinforced hybrid epoxy composites
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- Fabrication of electrospun nanofiber from a blend of PVC and PHB
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- Optimizing laser-based micro-cutting for PMMA microfluidic device fabrication: thermal analysis and parameter optimization
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