Abstract
Malaysian Mandarin is a unique variation of Mandarin that exhibits certain degrees of variation as opposed to Putonghua, the standardized Mandarin spoken in Mainland China. Following the spread of Putonghua under the Mandarin globalization trend, the issue of language standardization has become a central concern among the Chinese Malaysian community. This article examines the central principles of language standardization and thus gives suggestions to the proper and workable strategies needed for managing the Malaysian Mandarin variations. By these principles, in addition to an analysis of issues within Malaysian Mandarin standardization, this article proposes, through illustration of lexical standardization, a flexible and dynamic approach to setting strategies for standardization of Malaysian Mandarin with regard to the Mandarin globalization trend.
References
Chen, Chongyu. 1981. Bendi huayu li de shengdiao [A problem in the tone system of local Mandarin] Singapore: Yuwen 7. 38–42.Search in Google Scholar
Chew, Cheng Hai. 2009. Biandong zhong de yuyan [Language in motion]. Chew Cheng Hai Language in motion: Modern Mandarin and Huayu, 15–37. Singapore: Lingzi Media Pte Ltd.Search in Google Scholar
Chew, Cheng Hai. 2011. Rensheng jiyi – yige huawen jiaoxuezhe de huiyi [Memories of life – memoirs of a Mandarin educationist]. Singapore: Global Publishing.Search in Google Scholar
Guo, Xi. 2002a. Yu neiwai hanyu xietiao wenti chuyi [A draft suggestion on integration of Mainland China and overseas Mandarin]. Beijing: Applied Linguistics 3. 34–40.Search in Google Scholar
Guo, Xi. 2002b. Putonghua cihui he xinma huayu cihui de xietiao yu guifan wenti – jianlun yu neiwai hanyu cihui xietiao de yuanze he fangfa [Integration and standardization of Putonghua and Singapore Malaysia Mandarin lexicon – concurrent discussion on the principle and methodology for Mandarin lexical integration for overseas mandarins]. Nanjing: Social Sciences in Nanjing 12. 79–84.Search in Google Scholar
Guo, Xi. 2004. Lun ‘Huayu’ [Discussions on ‘Huayu’]. Guangzhou: Journal of College of Chinese Language of Jinan University 2. 56–62.Search in Google Scholar
Kachru, Braj B. 1986. The alchemy of Englishes-the spread, functions and models of non-native Englishes. Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2011a. Tantan Malaixiya huayu guifanhua [Comments on Malaysia Mandarin standardization]. Kuala Lumpur: Oriental Daily, 8–9 October.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2011b. Zai tan Malaixiya huayu guifanhua [Second comment on Malaysia Mandarin standardization]. Kuala Lumpur: Oriental Daily, 26–27 October.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2012. Malaixiya yu Xinjiapo huayu cihui chayi jiqi huanjing yinsu [Malaysia and Singapore Mandarin lexical differences and their formation]. Beijing: The Journal of Chinese Sociolinguistics 12. 96–111.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2013a. Malaixiya huayu zhong de fangyanci yindu bianyi – duo fangyan shehui haunjing zhong yuma zhuanhuan yu yuyan hunhe de xianxiang kaocha [Sound changes of dialect borrowed words in Malaysian Mandarin –an observation of code-mixing and language mixing in a multi-dialectal society]. In Lin Zhongqiang, Zhuang Huaxing, Pan Yongqiang, Zhang Bingqi, Xu Defa & Zhan Yuanduan (eds.), Selected papers from the Inaugural Biennial Conference on Chinese Malaysians Studies, 349–376. Kuala Lumpur: Centre for Chinese Malaysians Studies.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2013b. Dianpu zhaopai zhong de Malaixiya huayu cihui [Malaysian Mandarin lexicons as seen on signages]. Hong Kong: Chinese Language Review 102. 47–55.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2013c. ‘Da Huayu’ xingshi xia zhi quyu cihui xietiao – pingyi Malaixiya ‘wushi’ yu ‘shiziwu’ zhi zheng [Lexical integration within the ‘Global Mandarin’ – a critical review of the ‘Wushi’ and ‘Shiziwu’ debate in Malaysia]. Hong Kong: Chinese Language Review 103. 49–56.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2013d. On standardization of Malaysian Mandarin lexicons. In Yamato Eriko, Lim Sep Neo, Khoo Kiak Uei (eds.), Studies on foreign languages and cultures in Malaysia, 85–95. Kuala Lumpur: Universiti Putra Malaysia Press.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei. 2013e. Lun ‘Huayu’ yu Malaixiya huayu yanjiu [On Mandarin and Malaysian Mandarin studies]. Kuala Lumpur: Journal of Chinese Malaysians Studies 15. 1–24.Search in Google Scholar
Khoo, Kiak Uei, Yee Sow Kee, Heng Huey Lin. 2011. Malaixiya sanda zhongwen baozhang de yufa cuowu fenxi [An analysis of grammatical errors in the 3 major Chinese Malaysians newspapers]. In Wong Ling Yann, Ang Lay Hoon & Kiak Uei Khoo (eds.), New trends and scientific implications in Chinese linguistic studies, 30–39. Kuala Lumpur: Cemerlang Publications Sdn. Bhd.Search in Google Scholar
Li, Chenggang. 2013a. Yao han buyao han [Want ‘han’ or don’t want ‘han’]. Kuala Lumpur: Oriental Daily, 5 February.Search in Google Scholar
Li, Chenggang. 2013b. shei shi Guozhen de tuoshuaijia [Who is the bad apple in Guozhen]. Kuala Lumpur: Oriental Daily, 23 April.Search in Google Scholar
Li, Yuming. 2010. Quanqiu Huayu Cidian [Global Mandarin Dictionary]. Beijing: Commercial Press.Search in Google Scholar
Lin, Shuihao. 1982. Fangyan yu biaozhun huayu [Dialect and standard Mandarin]. In Lai Guanfu (eds.), Explorations of Chinese Malaysians culture, 94–102. Kuala Lumpur: The Federation of Alumni Associations of Taiwan Universities, Malaysian.Search in Google Scholar
Lu, Jianming. 1995. Guanyu Xinjiapo huayu guifanhua wenti [Issues on Singapore Mandarin standardization]. Singapore: Lianhe Zaobao, 16 June.Search in Google Scholar
Lu, Jianming. 2005. Guanyu jianli ‘Da Huayu’ gainian de jianyi [Discussion on establishing the concept of a ‘Greater Mandarin’]. Beijing: Hanyu Jiaoxue Xuekan 1. 1–4.Search in Google Scholar
Lu, Jianming, Zhang Chuhao, Qian Ping. 2002. Xinjiapo huayu yufa de tedian [Syntatic characteristic of Singaporean Mandarin]. In Chew Cheng Hai (eds.), Xinjiapo huayu cihui yu yufa [Lexicon and syntax in Singaporean Mandarin], 75–148. Singapore: Lingzi Media Pte Ltd.Search in Google Scholar
Rao, Chuanghui. 2003. Malaixiya huayu:yufa yu cihui yanjiu [Malaysian Mandarin: A study on syntax and lexicon]. Singapore: National University of Singapore MA Thesis.Search in Google Scholar
Saw, Kin Lee. 2011. Zhongwen baozhang de yuwu xianxiang [Grammatical errors in Chinese newspaper]. In Wong Ling Yann, Ang Lay Hoon & Kiak Uei Khoo (eds.), New trends and scientific implications in Chinese linguistic studies, 40–51. Kuala Lumpur: Cemerlang Publications Sdn. Bhd.Search in Google Scholar
Ser, Wue Hiong. 2013. Ma xin huayu de lishi kaocha: cong shijiu shiji mo dao 1919 nian [Historical research on Mandarin development in Malaya-Singapore: From 19th century to 1919]. Kuala Lumpur: Journal of Chinese Malaysians Studies 15. 85–124.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, Huidi. 2009. Malaixiya huayu guifan fanglue [Strategies in Standardization of Malaysia Mandarin]. Paper presented at The 2nd Chinese Language International Conference, University of Malaya, 14–15 February.Search in Google Scholar
Wang, Xiaomei. 2012. Mandarin spread in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press.Search in Google Scholar
Xu, Jie. 2003. Kuanshi guoji huayu dajiating de yiyuan – Xinjiapo huayu de dingwei yu guifan [A member of the International Mandarin Family – the status and standardization of Singapore Mandarin]. In Global Chinese Education Society (eds.), The 7th World Chinese Teaching Conference Paper Collection, 33–47. Taipei: Shijie Huawen Publishing Co.Search in Google Scholar
Xu, Daming & Xiaomei Wang. 2009. Quanqiu huayu shuolue [An overview of global Mandarin regions]. Jilin: Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition 49(2). 132–137.Search in Google Scholar
Yan, Ci. 2010. Zhiyi Quanqiu Huayu Cidian de quanwei xing [Questioning the authority of Global Mandarin Dictionary]. Kuala Lumpur: Oriental Daily, 17 November.Search in Google Scholar
Yan, Zhiwei, Ye Chuyuan, Zheng Cuiwei. 2012. Pinglun Quanqiu Huayu Cidian zhong de Malaixiya citiao [A critic on Malaysian Mandarin lexicons in the Global Mandarin Dictionary]. In Khoo Kiak Uei, Ser, Wue Hiong, Zhuang Huaxing (eds.), Xue Wen 1, 90–97. Kuala Lumpur: Persatuan Pengajiaan Budaya Xue Wen.Search in Google Scholar
Yang, Xinru. 2013. Ye tan ‘wushi’ de cixing [Another discussion on ‘wushi’]. Hong Kong: Chinese Language Review 104. 57–58.Search in Google Scholar
Yang, Yingying. 2014. Minnanhua ‘gou’ yu malaixiya huayu ‘dao’ de lianxi [The relations between ‘gou’ in southern Min dialect and ‘dao’ in Malaysian Mandarin]. In Kiak Uei Khoo & Ser Wue Hiong (eds.), Xue Wen 5, 60–68. Kuala Lumpur: Persatuan Pengajiaan Budaya Xue Wen.Search in Google Scholar
You, Rujie & Zou Jiayan. 2004. Shehui yuyanxue jiaocheng [A course in sociolinguistics]. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.Search in Google Scholar
Zhang, Congxing. 2003. Huaren, huayu de dingyi wenti [Definitions of ‘Huaren’ and ‘Huayu’]. Hong Kong: Chinese Language Review 74. 19–25.Search in Google Scholar
Zhang, Peini. 2012. Malaixiya huayu yu Putonghua ciyu duibi yanjiu—jiyu quanqiu huayu cidian de kaocha [A comparison between Malaysian Huayu and Mainland Putonghua terms based on ‘a dictionary of global Huayu (Chinese language)]. Beijing: Beijing Language and Culture University MA Thesis.Search in Google Scholar
©2017 by De Gruyter Mouton
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Introduction: understanding language management and multilingualism in Malaysia
- Language planning for Malay in Malaysia: A case of failure or success?
- When blinkers come off: Undergraduate students’ performance at simulated job interviews
- Malaysian Mandarin variation with regard to Mandarin globalization trend: Issues on language standardization
- Family language policy by Hakkas in Balik Pulau, Penang
- Indigenous language development in East Malaysia
- Language vitality among the Orang Asli of Malaysia: the case of the Mah Meri on Telo’ Gunjeng (Carey Island, Selangor)
- Thirty years of French language planning in Malaysia: From individual attempt to national strength
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Introduction: understanding language management and multilingualism in Malaysia
- Language planning for Malay in Malaysia: A case of failure or success?
- When blinkers come off: Undergraduate students’ performance at simulated job interviews
- Malaysian Mandarin variation with regard to Mandarin globalization trend: Issues on language standardization
- Family language policy by Hakkas in Balik Pulau, Penang
- Indigenous language development in East Malaysia
- Language vitality among the Orang Asli of Malaysia: the case of the Mah Meri on Telo’ Gunjeng (Carey Island, Selangor)
- Thirty years of French language planning in Malaysia: From individual attempt to national strength