Effects of spray pyrolysis parameters on structural and morphological properties of WO3 thin films prepared from WCl6 precursor and hydrazine mono hydrate as a solvent

Mojtaba Ojakeh; Seyed Mohamad Rozati

doi:10.1515/ijmr-2024-0085

Article

Effects of spray pyrolysis parameters on structural and morphological properties of WO₃ thin films prepared from WCl₆ precursor and hydrazine mono hydrate as a solvent

Mojtaba Ojakeh and Seyed Mohamad Rozati

Published/Copyright: January 24, 2025

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From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 116 Issue 1

Abstract

In this study, WO₃ thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis were evaluated for their structural and surface morphology and optimized according to the parameters of this technique for applications such as hydrophilic uses, which need their own particular surface characteristic. The deposition solution contains tungsten hexachloride (WCl₆), as the precursor, and hydrazine monohydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O), as the solvent. To the best of our knowledge, no report has shown the presence of hydrazine monohydrate as a solvent for the WCl₆ precursor. By increasing the annealing temperature, the crystallite structure and surface morphology for the mentioned application were improved, particularly at the concentration of 0.02 M and annealing temperature of 500 °C, the surface converts from nanogranule into nanoplate. Moreover, at this concentration and annealing temperature intense and narrow peaks were observed around 10.9° and 21.8° in X-ray diffraction pattern, which have not been shown in any other report.

Keywords: Hydrazine mono hydrate; Tungsten hexachloride; Spray pyrolysis; Hydrophilic

Corresponding author: Seyed Mohamad Rozati, Department of Physics, University of Guilan, Namjoo Sreet, Rasht 4199613776, Iran, E-mail: smrozati@guilan.ac.ir. https://guilan.ac.ir

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the research department of University of Guilan.

Research ethics: Not applicable.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Author contributions: The author have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Use of Large Language Models, AI and Machine Learning Tools: None declared.
Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
Research funding: None declared.
Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Received: 2024-03-04

Accepted: 2024-07-11

Published Online: 2025-01-24

Published in Print: 2025-01-29

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2024-0085

Keywords for this article

Hydrazine mono hydrate; Tungsten hexachloride; Spray pyrolysis; Hydrophilic