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Intrinsic heterogeneity of grain boundary phase transitions in the Cu–Bi system: insights from grain boundary diffusion measurements

  • Henning Edelhoff , Vladimir A. Esin and Sergiy V. Divinski ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: January 15, 2024
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International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 115 Issue 2

Abstract

Diffusion of Bi and Ag in a series of polycrystalline Cu–Bi alloys is investigated using a radiotracer technique and applying the 207Bi and 110m Ag isotopes, respectively. Together with the previous measurements (Divinski S., Lohmann M., Herzig C., Straumal B., Baretzky B., Gust W. Grain-boundary Melting Phase Transition in the Cu−Bi System. Phys. Rev. B 2005, 71, 104104), a temperature–concentration interval of strong, by orders of magnitude, enhancements of Bi grain boundary diffusion rates is distinguished and the results are interpreted in terms of a grain boundary pre-wetting/wetting phase transition. Grain boundary diffusivity of Ag exhibits as well a step-wise increase with rising Bi content, mirroring the behaviour observed for the Bi tracer. However, contrary to the Bi tracer atoms for which grain boundary enhancement is observed at about 60 ppm of Bi in Cu–Bi alloys, this transition is revealed by the Ag tracer atoms at a significantly higher concentration, specifically between 90 and 100 ppm of Bi at 1080 K. The Ag diffusion rates in alloys with a moderate Bi content turn out to be not affected by the Bi-induced grain boundary phase transition and the measured grain boundary diffusion coefficients of Ag are nearly the same as those determined for pure polycrystalline Cu. This spectacular result suggests a strong heterogeneity of Bi segregation and Bi-induced phase transition for general high-angle grain boundaries in a given alloy. The behaviour is discussed in terms of the extrinsic grain boundary defects and their impact on mechano-chemical coupling which is accompanying the grain boundary phase transitions.

Keywords: Diffusion; Grain boundary; Grain boundary phase transitions; Grain boundary defects
Corresponding author: Sergiy Divinski, Institute of Materials Physics, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany, E-mail:

Acknowledgment

The paper is written in the memories of two great scientists and distinguished personalities, Prof. Wolfgang Gust and Prof. Christian Herzig, who contributed a lot towards the present understanding of GB phase transitions in Cu–Bi alloys. Financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG) via research grant DI 1419/19-1 is acknowledged.

  1. Research ethics: This work is done in full compliance with valid regulations.

  2. Author contributions: The authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: Partially funded by German Research Foundation (DFG), project DI 1419/19-1.

  5. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Received: 2023-05-22
Accepted: 2023-07-07
Published Online: 2024-01-15
Published in Print: 2024-02-26

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  2. Editorial
  3. Special issue in memory of Prof. Wolfgang Gust
  4. Review
  5. Atomic-level mechanisms of short-circuit diffusion in materials
  6. Original Papers
  7. Grain boundary diffusion and grain boundary phase transition in tungsten in the temperature range of activated sintering
  8. Intrinsic heterogeneity of grain boundary phase transitions in the Cu–Bi system: insights from grain boundary diffusion measurements
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https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2023-0174
Keywords for this article
Diffusion; Grain boundary; Grain boundary phase transitions; Grain boundary defects

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. Special issue in memory of Prof. Wolfgang Gust
  4. Review
  5. Atomic-level mechanisms of short-circuit diffusion in materials
  6. Original Papers
  7. Grain boundary diffusion and grain boundary phase transition in tungsten in the temperature range of activated sintering
  8. Intrinsic heterogeneity of grain boundary phase transitions in the Cu–Bi system: insights from grain boundary diffusion measurements
  9. Dewetting upside-down: two-sided solid state dewetting of thin gold film on soft KBr substrate
  10. Magnetic properties of NdFeB-based alloy under high-pressure torsion
  11. Thermodynamic modelling application for prediction of diffusion formation of supersaturation solution
  12. News
  13. DGM – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde
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