Preparation of Cross-Linked High Amylose Corn-Starch and Its Effects on Self-Reinforced Starch Films
-
Xingxun Liu
,
Cao Lan
Abstract
Incorporation of biodegradable self-reinforced starch composite to starch film is a promising method to improve the mechanical property of the film. In this study, cross-linked starch with different degree of cross-linking level was used as matrix to reinforce in the starch film. The thermal properties and mechanical properties of the cross-linked starch were investigated by differential scanning calorimetory (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Instron tensile testing respectively. It was found that the cross-linking level greatly impact on the thermal properties of the cross-linked starch. The gelatinization temperature of starch increased with the increasing level of cross-linking modification. In addition, the cross-linking modification showed a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the starch films when the cross-linking level was controlled at a certain range.
Acknowledgments
The authors from China would like to acknowledge the research funds NFSC (31301554, and 31570789).
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
References
1. Liu HS, Xie FW, Yu L, Chen L, Li L. Thermal processing of starch-based polymers. Prog Polym Sci 2009;34:1348–68.10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2009.07.001Search in Google Scholar
2. Yu L, Dean K, Li L. Polymer blends and composites from renewable resources. Prog Polym Sci 2006;31:576–602.10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.03.002Search in Google Scholar
3. Liu P, Chen L, Corrigan PA, Yu L, Liu ZD. Application of atomic force microscopy on studying micro- and nano-structures of starch. Int J Food Eng 2008;4:7.10.2202/1556-3758.1510Search in Google Scholar
4. Su B, Xie FW, Li M, Corrigan PA, Yu L, Li XX, et al. Extrusion processing of starch film. I Int J Food Eng 2009;5:7.10.2202/1556-3758.1617Search in Google Scholar
5. Yu L, Christie G. Microstructure and mechanical properties of orientated thermoplastic starches. J Mater Sci 2005;40:111–16.10.1007/s10853-005-5694-1Search in Google Scholar
6. Noshirvani N, Ghanbarzadeh B, Fasihi H, Almasi H. Starch–PVA nanocomposite film incorporated with cellulose nanocrystals and MMT: a comparative study. Int J Food Eng 2016;12:37.10.1515/ijfe-2015-0145Search in Google Scholar
7. Sandoval Gordillo Carlos A, Ayala Valencia G, Vargas Zapata Rubén A, Agudelo Henao Ana C. Physicochemical characterization of arrowroot starch (Maranta arundinacea Linn) and glycerol/arrowroot starch membranes. Int J Food Eng 2014;10:727.10.1515/ijfe-2014-0122Search in Google Scholar
8. Cristina Freire A, Fertig CC, Podczeck F, Veiga F, Sousa J. Starch-based coatings for colon-specific drug delivery. Part I: The influence of heat treatment on the physico-chemical properties of high amylose maize starches. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009;72:574–86.10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.02.008Search in Google Scholar PubMed
9. Freire C, Podczeck F, Veiga F, Sousa J. Starch-based coatings for colon-specific delivery. Part II: Physicochemical properties and in vitro drug release from high amylose maize starch films. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2009;72:587–94.10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.02.010Search in Google Scholar PubMed
10. Nasri-Nasrabadi B, Mehrasa M, Rafienia M, Bonakdar S, Behzad T, Gavanji S. Porous starch/cellulose nanofibers composite prepared by salt leaching technique for tissue engineering. Carbohydr Polym 2014;108:232–8.10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.075Search in Google Scholar PubMed
11. Lawton JW. Effect of starch type on the properties of starch containing films. Carbohydr Polym 1996;29:203–8.10.1016/0144-8617(96)00028-8Search in Google Scholar
12. Lourdin D, Valle GD, Colonna P. Influence of amylose content on starch films and foams. Carbohydr Polym 1995;27:261–70.10.1016/0144-8617(95)00071-2Search in Google Scholar
13. Maiti M, Kaith BS, Jindal R, Jana AK. Synthesis and characterization of corn starch based green composites reinforced with Saccharum spontaneum L graft copolymers prepared under micro-wave and their effect on thermal, physio-chemical and mechanical properties. Polym Degrad Stabil 2010;95:1694–703.10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.05.024Search in Google Scholar
14. Duanmu J, Gamstedt EK, Rosling A. Hygromechanical properties of composites of crosslinked allylglycidyl-ether modified starch reinforced by wood fibres. Compos Sci Technol 2007;67:3090–7.10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.04.027Search in Google Scholar
15. Kaith BS, Jindal R, Jana AK, Maiti M. Development of corn starch based green composites reinforced with Saccharum spontaneum L fiber and graft copolymers – Evaluation of thermal, physico-chemical and mechanical properties. Bioresource Technol 2010;101:6843–51.10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.113Search in Google Scholar
16. Lu Y, Weng L, Cao X. Morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of ramie crystallites – reinforced plasticized starch biocomposites. Carbohydr Polym 2006;63:198–204.10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.08.027Search in Google Scholar
17. Wilhelm HM, Sierakowski MR, Souza GP, Wypych F. Starch films reinforced with mineral clay. Carbohydr Polym 2003;52:101–10.10.1016/S0144-8617(02)00239-4Search in Google Scholar
18. Woehl MA, Canestraro CD, Mikowski A, Sierakowski MR, Ramos LP, Wypych F. Bionanocomposites of thermoplastic starch reinforced with bacterial cellulose nanofibres: Effect of enzymatic treatment on mechanical properties. Carbohydr Polym 2010;80:866–73.10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.12.045Search in Google Scholar
19. Kim KJ, Yu W-R, Harrison P. Optimum consolidation of self-reinforced polypropylene composite and its time-dependent deformation behavior. Compos Part A-A 2008;39:1597–605.10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.06.005Search in Google Scholar
20. Kmetty Á, Bárány T, Karger-Kocsis J. Self-reinforced polymeric materials: A review. Prog Polym Sci 2010;35:1288–310.10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.07.002Search in Google Scholar
21. Gao C, Yu L, Liu H, Chen L. Development of self-reinforced polymer composites. Prog Polym Sci 2012;37:767–80.10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.09.005Search in Google Scholar
22. Koo SH, Lee KY, Lee HG. Effect of cross-linking on the physicochemical and physiological properties of corn starch. Food Hydrocolloids 2010;24:619–25.10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.02.009Search in Google Scholar
23. Yoneya T, Ishibashi K, Hironaka K, Yamamoto K. Influence of cross-linked potato starch treated with POCl3 on DSC, rheological properties and granule size. Carbohydr Polym 2003;53:447–57.10.1016/S0144-8617(03)00143-7Search in Google Scholar
24. Ratnayake WS, Jackson DS. Phase transition of cross-linked and hydroxypropylated corn (Zea mays L.) starches. LWT – Food Sci Technol 2008;41:346–58.10.1016/j.lwt.2007.03.008Search in Google Scholar
25. Hirsch JB, Kokini JL. Understanding the mechanism of cross-linking agents (POCl3, STMP, and EPI) through swelling behavior and pasting properties of cross-linked waxy maize starches. Cereal Chem 2002;79:102–7.10.1094/CCHEM.2002.79.1.102Search in Google Scholar
26. Chatakanonda P, Varavinit S, Chinachoti P. Effect of crosslinking on thermal and microscopic transitions of rice starch. LWT – Food Sci Technol 2000;33:276–84.10.1006/fstl.2000.0662Search in Google Scholar
27. Bae SO, Lim S-T. Physical properties of extruded strands of hydroxypropylated normal and high-amylose corn starch. Cereal Chem J 1998;75:449–54.10.1094/CCHEM.1998.75.4.449Search in Google Scholar
28. McPherson AE, Bailey TB, Jane J. Extrusion of cross-linked hydroxypropylated corn starches I. Pasting Properties. Cereal Chem J 2000;77:320–5.10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.3.320Search in Google Scholar
29. McPherson AE, Jane J. Extrusion of cross-linked hydroxypropylated corn starches II. Morphological and molecular characterization. Cereal Chem J 2000;77:326–32.10.1094/CCHEM.2000.77.3.326Search in Google Scholar
30. Lan C, Yu L, Chen P, Chen L, Zou W, Simon G, et al. Design, preparation and characterization of self-reinforced starch films through chemical modification. Macromol Mater Eng 2010;295:1025–30.10.1002/mame.201000186Search in Google Scholar
31. Lan C, Liu H, Chen P, Yu L, Chen L, Li X, et al. Gelatinization and retrogradation of hydroxypropylated cornstarch. Int J Food Eng 2010;6:11.10.2202/1556-3758.1905Search in Google Scholar
32. Carmona-Garcia R, Sanchez-Rivera MM, Méndez-Montealvo G, Garza-Montoya B, Bello-Pérez LA. Effect of the cross-linked reagent type on some morphological, physicochemical and functional characteristics of banana starch (Musa paradisiaca). Carbohydr Polym 2009;76:117–22.10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.09.029Search in Google Scholar
33. Liu H, Yu L, Xie F, Chen L. Gelatinization of cornstarch with different amylose/amylopectin content. Carbohydr Polym 2006;65:357–63.10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.01.026Search in Google Scholar
34. Liu X, Yu L, Liu H, Chen L, Li L. In situ thermal decomposition of starch with constant moisture in a sealed system. Polym Degrad Stabil 2008;93:260–2.10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.09.004Search in Google Scholar
35. Liu X, Yu L, Xie F, Li M, Chen L, Li X. Kinetics and mechanism of thermal decomposition of cornstarches with different amylose/amylopectin ratios. Starch – Stärke 2010;62:139–46.10.1002/star.200900202Search in Google Scholar
36. Liu XX, Yu L, Liu HS, Chen L, Thermal LiL. Decomposition of corn starch with different amylose/amylopectin ratios in open and sealed systems. Cereal Chem 2009;86:383–5.10.1094/CCHEM-86-4-0383Search in Google Scholar
37. Liu X, Ma H, Yu L, Chen L, Tong Z, Chen P. Thermal-oxidative degradation of high-amylose corn starch. J Therm Anal Calorim 2014;115:659–65.10.1007/s10973-013-3354-2Search in Google Scholar
38. Liu X, Wang Y, Yu L, Tong Z, Chen L, Liu H, et al. Thermal degradation and stability of starch under different processing conditions. Starch‐Stärke 2013;65:48–60.10.1002/star.201200198Search in Google Scholar
©2016 by De Gruyter
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Colorimetry Technique as a Tool for Determining Release Kinetics and Mass Transfer Parameters of Anthocyanins Encapsulated in W1/O/W2 Double Emulsions
- Image Analysis and High Dimensional Control Chart for Inspection of Sausage Color Homogeneity and Uniformity
- Impact of Encapsulated Lactobacillus casei 01 Along with Pasteurized Purple-Rice Drinks on Modulating Colon Microbiome using a Digestive Model
- Effects of Soy Lecithin Levels and Microfluidization Conditions on Properties of Fish Gelatin-Based Film Incorporated with Palm Oil
- Effect of Temperature on the Drying Behavior and Quality of Citrus Peels
- Preparation of Cross-Linked High Amylose Corn-Starch and Its Effects on Self-Reinforced Starch Films
- Modeling and Optimization of Lipase-Catalyzed Partial Hydrolysis for Diacylglycerol Production in Packed Bed Reactor
- Effect of Ohmic Heating on Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, Electrical and Physicochemical Properties of Fresh Tender Coconut Water
- Incorporation of β-Glucans into Pasta Extracted from Two Tunisian Barley Cultivars
- Assessment of Various Pretreatment and Extraction Methods for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf via Microstructures Analysis
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Research Articles
- Colorimetry Technique as a Tool for Determining Release Kinetics and Mass Transfer Parameters of Anthocyanins Encapsulated in W1/O/W2 Double Emulsions
- Image Analysis and High Dimensional Control Chart for Inspection of Sausage Color Homogeneity and Uniformity
- Impact of Encapsulated Lactobacillus casei 01 Along with Pasteurized Purple-Rice Drinks on Modulating Colon Microbiome using a Digestive Model
- Effects of Soy Lecithin Levels and Microfluidization Conditions on Properties of Fish Gelatin-Based Film Incorporated with Palm Oil
- Effect of Temperature on the Drying Behavior and Quality of Citrus Peels
- Preparation of Cross-Linked High Amylose Corn-Starch and Its Effects on Self-Reinforced Starch Films
- Modeling and Optimization of Lipase-Catalyzed Partial Hydrolysis for Diacylglycerol Production in Packed Bed Reactor
- Effect of Ohmic Heating on Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, Electrical and Physicochemical Properties of Fresh Tender Coconut Water
- Incorporation of β-Glucans into Pasta Extracted from Two Tunisian Barley Cultivars
- Assessment of Various Pretreatment and Extraction Methods for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Orthosiphon stamineus Leaf via Microstructures Analysis
