Abstract
Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng) aril contains high levels of bioactive compounds including β-carotene, lycopene and fatty acids. Therefore, it is important to find an extraction method of Gac oil resulting in the highest content of bioactive compounds. The effects of microwave and air-drying pre-treatments of Gac aril prior to hydraulic pressing and Soxhlet extraction on the oil yield, nutrients and chemical properties of the oil were compared. Results showed that the highest oil yield could be obtained when the aril was microwave-dried before Soxhlet extraction. This finding was explained by microstructural changes of the dried arils. Microwave-drying prior to pressing resulted in the highest content of β-carotene (174 mg/100 mL) and lycopene (511 mg/100 mL) in the oil extract. Oleic acid (48%) and linoleic acid (18%) were found to be the dominant fatty acids in the oil extracts. Gac oil with the lowest acid (0.69 mg KOH/g) and peroxide values (1.80 meq O2/kg) was extracted when microwave-drying was applied prior to pressing. It can be concluded that the microwave drying pre-treatment before pressing was better than the air-drying pre-treatment for extracting Gac oil of high quality.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by a scholarship by the University of Newcastle, Australia to Mr T.C. Kha.
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©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin / Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Mass Transfer Coefficients and Correlation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Sarawak Black Pepper
- Higher Order Predictive Functional Control Versus Dynamical Matrix Control for a Milk Pasteurisation Process: Transfer Function Versus Finite Step Response Internal Models
- Fluidized Bed Drying of Sprouted Wheat(Triticum aestivum)
- Investigation of Hydrodynamics, Kinetics, Energetic and Exergetic Aspects of Fluidized Bed Drying of Rough Rice
- Flux Behavior and Quality of Effluent from a Poultry Processing Plant Treated by Membrane Bioreactor
- Experimental Analysis and Numerical Modeling of Microwave Reheating of Cylindrically Shaped Instant Rice
- Microwave, Air and Combined Microwave-Air Drying of Grape Leaves (Vitis vinifera L.) and the Determination of Some Quality Parameters
- Modelling the Influence of Time and Temperature on Respiration Rate of Fresh Fig and Diced Papaya
- Identification of Peanut Pods with Three or More Kernels by Machine Vision and Neural Network
- Effect of Drying Pre-treatments on the Yield and Bioactive Content of Oil Extracted from Gac Aril
- Effect of Pulsed Electric Field on Microstructure of Some Amino Acid Group of Soy Protein Isolates
- A Novel Modified Starch/Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Montmorillonite Bionanocomposite Film: Structural and Physical Properties
- Effects of Spray Drying Conditions on the Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Spray-Dried Soluble Maté
- Effect of Frying Time and Temperature on the Functional Properties of Carrot Pomace, Pulse Powder and Rice Flour–Based Extrudates
- Effects of Moisture Content and Impact Energy on the Cracking Characteristics of Walnuts
- Spray Drying of Karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyces and Evaluation of the Product
- Optimization of Closed-Cycle Fluidized Bed Drying of Sesame Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology and Genetic Algorithms
- Assessment of Heat Transfer and Mass Change During Fruits and Vegetables Impingement Pre-Cooling
- High Temperature Short Time Air Puffed Ready-To-Eat (RTE) Tapioca–Peanut Snack: Process Parameters Optimization
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Mass Transfer Coefficients and Correlation of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Sarawak Black Pepper
- Higher Order Predictive Functional Control Versus Dynamical Matrix Control for a Milk Pasteurisation Process: Transfer Function Versus Finite Step Response Internal Models
- Fluidized Bed Drying of Sprouted Wheat(Triticum aestivum)
- Investigation of Hydrodynamics, Kinetics, Energetic and Exergetic Aspects of Fluidized Bed Drying of Rough Rice
- Flux Behavior and Quality of Effluent from a Poultry Processing Plant Treated by Membrane Bioreactor
- Experimental Analysis and Numerical Modeling of Microwave Reheating of Cylindrically Shaped Instant Rice
- Microwave, Air and Combined Microwave-Air Drying of Grape Leaves (Vitis vinifera L.) and the Determination of Some Quality Parameters
- Modelling the Influence of Time and Temperature on Respiration Rate of Fresh Fig and Diced Papaya
- Identification of Peanut Pods with Three or More Kernels by Machine Vision and Neural Network
- Effect of Drying Pre-treatments on the Yield and Bioactive Content of Oil Extracted from Gac Aril
- Effect of Pulsed Electric Field on Microstructure of Some Amino Acid Group of Soy Protein Isolates
- A Novel Modified Starch/Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Montmorillonite Bionanocomposite Film: Structural and Physical Properties
- Effects of Spray Drying Conditions on the Stability and Antioxidant Properties of Spray-Dried Soluble Maté
- Effect of Frying Time and Temperature on the Functional Properties of Carrot Pomace, Pulse Powder and Rice Flour–Based Extrudates
- Effects of Moisture Content and Impact Energy on the Cracking Characteristics of Walnuts
- Spray Drying of Karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyces and Evaluation of the Product
- Optimization of Closed-Cycle Fluidized Bed Drying of Sesame Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology and Genetic Algorithms
- Assessment of Heat Transfer and Mass Change During Fruits and Vegetables Impingement Pre-Cooling
- High Temperature Short Time Air Puffed Ready-To-Eat (RTE) Tapioca–Peanut Snack: Process Parameters Optimization