Aerobic sequential batch reactor for domestic sewage treatment: parametric optimization and kinetics studies
-
Neela Acharya
und
Parmesh Kumar Chaudhari
Abstract
Domestic sewage (DS) was first treated in aerobic sequential batch reactor (SBR). In order to increase the treated water quality, DS from SBR was further treated using electrocoagulation (EC) and Ion exchange (IE) process. In the SBR study, process parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT) and reactor fill time (t f ) was optimized at various volume exchange ratio (VER) of 0.534, 0.4, 0.266, and 0.133. The best HRT and t f were observed to be 0.78 day (d) and 2 h, respectively, providing 72.37% chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction (initial value of COD = 270 mg/dm3). Kinetics of biodegradation in SBR was also studied. The second stage treatment was performed in EC reactor at 1 ampere (A) current for 30 min electrolysis time (tR). EC reactor, further reduced COD and biological oxygen demand (BOD) up to 72 and 21 mg/dm3 from its average initial COD and BOD of 94 and 23 mg/dm3, respectively. Second stage treatment in IE process reduced hardness, sulphate, and phosphate up to 15, 0.05, and 0.13 mg/dm3 from its initial value 350, 5.48 and 1.16 mg/dm3, respectively. The treated water can be used as potable water after disinfection as its water quality is near to river water.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: Sending my original work paper and agreed for this publication without any conflict.
References
Acharya, N., G. Jyoti, C. Thakur, and P. K. Chaudhari. 2020. “Treatment of Domestic Sewage Using Electrocoagulation Followed by Ion Exchange – Parametric and Kinetic Studies.” Desalination and Water Treatment 178: 65–73, https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.24951.Suche in Google Scholar
Badawy, M. I., and M. E. M. Ali. 2006. “Fenton’s Peroxidation and Coagulation Processes for the Treatment of Combined Industrial and Domestic Wastewater.” Journal of Hazardous Materials B 136: 961–6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.01.042.Suche in Google Scholar
Badejo, A. A., D. O. Omole, J. M. Ndambuki, and W. K. Kupolati. 2017. “Municipal Wastewater Treatment Using Sequential Activated Sludge Reactor and Vegetated Submerged Bed Constructed Wetland Planted with Vetiveria Zizanioides.” Ecological Engineering 99: 525–9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.11.012.Suche in Google Scholar
Can, O. T., M. Kobya, E. Demirbas, and M. Bayramoglu. 2006. “Treatment of the Textile Wastewater by Combined Electrocoagulation.” Chemosphere 62: 181–7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.05.022.Suche in Google Scholar
CPCB. 1986. General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants Part-A: Effluents. The Environment (Protection) Rules, Schedule – VI. New Delhi: Central Pollution Control Board.Suche in Google Scholar
Eckenfelder, W. W., and G. Petr. 1998. Water Quality Management Library-Volume 1/Activated Sludge Process Design and Control: Theory and Practice. Pennsylvania: Technomic Publishing Company.10.1201/9780203968567Suche in Google Scholar
Fernandes, H., M. K. Jungles, H. Hoffmann, R. V. Antonio, and R. H.R. Costa. 2013. “Full-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for domestic wastewater: Performance and diversity of microbial communities.” Bioresource Technology 262–268, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.027.Suche in Google Scholar
Gao, D. W., Q. Hu, C. Yao, and N. Q. Ren. 2014. “Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by an Integrated Anaerobic Fluidized-Bed Membrane Bioreactor under Moderate to Low Temperature Conditions.” Bioresearches Technology 159: 193–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.086.Suche in Google Scholar
Gaval, G., and J. J. Pernell. 2003. “Impact of the Repetition of Oxygen Deficiencies on the Filamentous Bacteria Proliferation in Activated Sludge.” Water Research 37: 1991–2000, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1354(02)00421-9.Suche in Google Scholar
Gimeno, O., J. F. García-Araya, F. J. Beltrán, F. J. Rivas, and A. Espejo. 2016. “Removal of Emerging Contaminants from a Primary Effluent of Municipal Wastewater by Means of Sequential Biological Degradation-Solar Photocatalytic Oxidation Processes.” Chemical Engineering Journal 290: 12–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.01.022.Suche in Google Scholar
Haandel, A. V., and J. Lubbe. 2011. Handbook of Biological Wastewater Treatment: Design and Optimisation of Activated Sludge Systems. Colchester: IWA Publishing.Suche in Google Scholar
Janczukowicz, W., M. Szewczyk, M. Krzemieniewski, and J. Pesta. 2001. “Settling Properties of Activated Sludge from a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR).” Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 10: 15–20.Suche in Google Scholar
Jang, N, X. Ren, G. Kim, C. Ahn, J. Cho, and I. S. Kim. 2007. “Characteristics of Soluble Microbial Products and Extracellular Polymeric Substances in the Membrane Bioreactor for Water Reuse.” Desalination 202: 90–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.12.043.Suche in Google Scholar
Katal, R., and H. Pahlavanzadeh. 2011. “Influence of Different Combinations of Aluminum and Iron Electrode on Electrocoagulation Efficiency: Application to the Treatment of Paper Mill Wastewater.” Desalination 265: 199–205, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.07.052.Suche in Google Scholar
Kushwaha, J. P., V. C. Srivastava, and I. D. Mall. 2013. “Sequential Batch Reactor for Dairy Wastewater Treatment: Parametric Optimization; Kinetics and Waste Sludge Disposal.” Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 1: 1036–43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2013.08.018.Suche in Google Scholar
Maranon, E., I. Vazquez, J. Rodriguez, L. Castrillon, Y. Fernandez, and H. Lopez. 2008. “Treatment of Coke Wastewater in a Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) at Pilot Plant Scale.” Bioresearches Technology 99: 4192–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.08.081.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Monod, J. 1949. “The Growth of Bacterial Cultures.” Annual Review of Microbiology 3: 371–94, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.03.100149.002103.Suche in Google Scholar
Okpokwasili, G. C., and C. O. Nweke. 2005. “Microbial Growth and Substrate Utilization Kinetics.” African Journal of Biotechnology 5: 305–17.Suche in Google Scholar
Peavy, H. S., D. R. Rowe, and G. Tchobanoglous. 2009. Environmental Engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.Suche in Google Scholar
Rice, E. W., R. B. Baired, A. D. Eaton, and L. S. Clesceri. 2012. APHA, AWWA and WEF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd ed. Washington DC: American Public Health Association.Suche in Google Scholar
Sahu, O. P., B. Mazumdar, and P. K. Chaudhari. 2019. “Electrochemical Treatment of Sugar Industry Wastewater: Process Optimization by Response Surface Methodology.” International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 16: 1527–40, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1765-0.Suche in Google Scholar
Samrani, A. G. E., B. S. Lartiges, E. Montarges-Pelletier, V. Kazpard, O. Barres, and J. Ghanbaj. 2004. “Clarification of Municipal Sewage with Ferric Chloride: The Nature of Coagulant Species.” Water Research 38: 756–68, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.002.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Sarti, A., M. L. Garcia, M. Zaiat, and E. Foresti. 2007. “Domestic Sewage Treatment in a Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor (ASBBR).” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 51: 237–47, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2006.09.008.Suche in Google Scholar
Sharma, A. K., and A. K. Chopra. 2017. “Removal of Nitrate and Sulphate from Biologically Treated Municipal Wastewater by Electrocoagulation.” Applied Water Science 7: 1239–46, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0320-0.Suche in Google Scholar
Sharma, V., V. C. Srivastava, J. P. Kushwaha, and I. D. Mall. 2010. “Studies on Biodegradation of Resorcinol in Sequential Batch Reactor.” International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 64: 764–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2010.08.009.Suche in Google Scholar
Showkat, U., and I. A. Najar. 2019. “Study on the efficiency of sequential batch reactor (SBR)-based sewage treatment plant.” Applied Water Science 9, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-018-0882-8.Suche in Google Scholar
Thakur, C., V. C. Srivastava, and I. D. Mall. 2014. “Aerobic Degradation of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater in Sequential Batch Reactor.” Journal of Environmental Science and Health A 49: 1436–44, https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2014.928557.Suche in Google Scholar
Wilean, B. M., and P. Balmer. 1999. “The Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on the Structure, Size and Size Distribution of Activated Sludge Flocks.” Water Research 33: 391–400.10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00208-5Suche in Google Scholar
Zhang, X., Z. Wang, Z. Wu, F. Lu, J. Tong, and L. Zang. 2010. “Formation of Dynamic Membrane in an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment.” Chemical Engineering Journal 165: 175–83, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2010.09.013.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Articles
- Removal of iron and sulphate during acid mine drainage treatment using laboratory successive alkalinity producing system and its behavioural relationship
- Biodegradation of acid red 3BN dye in sequential batch reactor: parameters and kinetics studies
- Aerobic sequential batch reactor for domestic sewage treatment: parametric optimization and kinetics studies
- Activated sludge bio-aerobic process to treat sugar industry effluent
- Catalytic thermolysis at atmospheric pressure followed by adsorption in treatment of coking wastewater
- Microwave-assisted preparation of polyphosphoric acid in a continuous-flow reactor
- Multi-objective optimization of an industrial slurry phase ethylene polymerization reactor
- High power microbial fuel cell operating at low temperature using cow dung waste
- Computational analysis of the particle size effect on the pressure profiles and type of flow regimes of TiO2 microparticles in a fluidized bed
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Articles
- Removal of iron and sulphate during acid mine drainage treatment using laboratory successive alkalinity producing system and its behavioural relationship
- Biodegradation of acid red 3BN dye in sequential batch reactor: parameters and kinetics studies
- Aerobic sequential batch reactor for domestic sewage treatment: parametric optimization and kinetics studies
- Activated sludge bio-aerobic process to treat sugar industry effluent
- Catalytic thermolysis at atmospheric pressure followed by adsorption in treatment of coking wastewater
- Microwave-assisted preparation of polyphosphoric acid in a continuous-flow reactor
- Multi-objective optimization of an industrial slurry phase ethylene polymerization reactor
- High power microbial fuel cell operating at low temperature using cow dung waste
- Computational analysis of the particle size effect on the pressure profiles and type of flow regimes of TiO2 microparticles in a fluidized bed
