Calculations of activation energy and frequency factors for corn leafs pyrolysis using excel solver: new concept
-
Omar Salim Al-Ayed
,
Mohammad Waleed Amer
Abstract
Thermal degradations of biomass corn leaves were studied for kinetic modeling. Thermogravimetric-differential analyzer runs at 5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min−1 heating rates were employed. Apparent activation energy and frequency factor values were calculated for first-order kinetics using several procedures. The procedure of Coats and Redfern showed 28.89 to 31.78 kJ mol−1 apparent activation energy and 15.5 to 157.12 min−1 frequency factor, respectively. Calculation of the apparent activation energy and frequency factor using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose procedure gave 229.9–364.2 kJ/mol and 8.567 × 1023 and 1.13 × 1031 (min−1), respectively as the conversion increased from 0.1 to 0.9. The newly introduced excel solver procedure indicates a distribution activation energy over the entire range of conversion. For first-order reaction kinetics, the calculated apparent activation energy magnitudes ranged between 5.0 kJ mol−1 with frequency factor equals to 0.239 and 196.2 kJ mol−1 with frequency factor 2.89 × 1012 in the studied range. The low or high magnitudes of the calculated activation energy are not associated with a particular value of the conversion. The calculated apparent activation energies are related to the direct solution of the simultaneous equations that constitute the basis of the excel solver.
-
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
References
Afzal, I., M. S. Ahmad, S. Malik, M. Ibrahim, O. S. Al-Ayed, G. Qadir, H. Al Doghaither, and M. Gull. 2018. “Bioenergy Potential of Eichhornia crassipes Assessed Via Thermodynamics and Kinetics Analyses.” Protein and Peptide Letters 25 (2): 187–94, https://doi.org/10.2174/0929866525666180122104237.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Akahira, T., and T. Sunose. 1971. “Joint Convention of Four Electrical Institutes.” Science and Technology 16.Suche in Google Scholar
Al-Ayed, O. S., and W. Saadeh. 2021. “Approaches to Biomass Kinetic Modelling: Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes.” Jordanian Journal of Engineering and Chemical Industries 4 (1).10.48103/jjeci412021Suche in Google Scholar
Aydinli, B., A. Caglar, S. Pekol, and A. Karaci. 2017. “The Prediction of Potential Energy and Matter Production from Biomass Pyrolysis with Artificial Neural Network.” Energy Exploration and Exploitation 35 (6): 698–712, https://doi.org/10.1177/0144598717716282.Suche in Google Scholar
Amer, M. W., J. S. Aljariri, A. S. Ibrahim, G. Q. Marc Marshall, and O. S. Al-Ayed. 2021. “Potential Use of Corn Leaf Waste for Biofuel Production in Jordan (Physio-chemical Study).” Energy 214: 118863, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118863.Suche in Google Scholar
Abu-Romman, S. M., M. A. Haddad, and K. J. Al-Hadid. 2015. “The Potential Allelopathic Effects of Varthemia Iphionoides and the Identification of Phenolic Allelochemicals.” Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 8: 4, https://doi.org/10.12816/0027066.Suche in Google Scholar
Bartocci, P., R. Tschentscher, R. E. Stensrød, M. Barbanera, F. Fantozzi. 2019. “Kinetic Analysis of Digestate Slow Pyrolysis with the Application of the Master-Plots Method and Independent Parallel Reactions Scheme.” Molecules 24 (9): 1657, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091657.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
Biswa, B., N. Pandey, Y. Bisht, R. Singh, J. Kumar, and T. Bhaskar. 2017. “Pyrolysis of Agricultural Biomass Residues: Comparative Study of Corn Cob, Wheat Straw, Rice Straw and Rice Husk.” Bioresource Technology 237: 57–63, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.046.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Bridgwater, A. V. 2012. “Review of Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass and Product Upgrading.” Biomass and Bioenergy 38: 68–94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.048.Suche in Google Scholar
Cai, J., W. Wu, and R. Liu. 2014. “An Overview of Distributed Activation Energy Model and its Application in the Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 36: 236–46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.052.Suche in Google Scholar
Chen, D., Y. Zheng, and X. Zhu. 2013. “In-Depth Investigation on the Pyrolysis Kinetics of Raw Biomass. Part I: Kinetic Analysis for the Drying and Devolatilization Stages.” Bioresource Technology 131: 40–6, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.136.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
Coats, A. W., and Refern, J. P. (1964). Nature 201: 68–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/201068a0.Suche in Google Scholar
Demirbas, A. 2004. “Effect of Initial Moisture Content on the Yields of Oily Products from Pyrolysis of Biomass.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 71 (2): 803–15, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2003.10.008.Suche in Google Scholar
El-Sayeda, S. A., and M. Khairy. 2015. “Effect of Heating Rate on the Chemical Kinetics of Different Biomass Pyrolysis Materials.” Journal of Biofuels 6 (3-4): 1–14, https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2015.1065590.Suche in Google Scholar
Gronli, M. G., and M. C. Melaaen. 2000. “Mathematical Model for Wood Pyrolysis-Comparison of Experimental Measurements with Model Predictions.” Energy and Fuels 14: 791–800.10.1021/ef990176qSuche in Google Scholar
Huang, Y. F., P. T. Chiueh, W. H. Kuan, and S. L. Lo. 2013. “Pyrolysis Kinetics of Biomass from Product Information.” Applied Energy 110: 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.034.Suche in Google Scholar
Imtiaz, A. 2018. “Misuse of Pre-exponential Factor in the Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies Using Thermogravimetric Analysis and its Implications.” Bioresource Technology Reports 2: 88–91.10.1016/j.biteb.2018.04.011Suche in Google Scholar
Kan, T., V. Strezov, and T. J. Evans. 2016. “Lignocellulosic Biomass Pyrolysis: A Review of Product Properties and Effects of Pyrolysis Parameters.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 57: 1126–40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.185.Suche in Google Scholar
Kirtania, K., and S. Bhattacharya. 2012. “Application of the Distributed Activation Energy Model to the Kinetic Study of Pyrolysis of the Fresh Water Algae Chlorococcum Humicola.” Bioresource Technology 107: 476–81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.12.094.Suche in Google Scholar
Lanzetta, M., and C. Di Blasi. 1998. “Pyrolysis Kinetics of Wheat and Corn Straw.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 44 (2): 181–92, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2370(97)00079-x.Suche in Google Scholar
Li, Z., Z. Chen, C. Liu, Z. Hu, W. Zhao, and G. Zhao. 2011. “Study on Pyrolysis Characteristics of Corn Straw.” International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 9: A46, https://doi.org/10.1515/1542-6580.2420.Suche in Google Scholar
Li, Z., W. Zhao, B. Meng, C. Liu, Q. Zhu, and G. Zhao. 2008. “Kinetic Study of Corn Straw Pyrolysis: Comparison of Two Different Three-Pseudocomponent Models.” Bioresource Technology 99: 7616–22, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.003.Suche in Google Scholar
Mehrabian, R., R. Scharler, and I. Obernberger. 2012. “Effects of Pyrolysis Conditions on the Heating Rate in Biomass Particles and Applicability of TGA Kinetic Parameters in Particle Thermal Conversion Modelling.” Fuel 93: 567–75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.09.054.Suche in Google Scholar
Meng, A., H. Zhou, L. Qin, Y. Zhang, and Q. Li. 2013. “Quantitative and Kinetic TG-FTIR Investigation on Three Kinds of Biomass Pyrolysis.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 104: 28–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2013.09.013.Suche in Google Scholar
Mettler, M. S., D. G. Vlachos, and P. J. Dauenhauer (2012). Top Ten Fundamental Challenges of Biomass Pyrolysis for Biofuels. Energy and Environmental Science 7: 7677–8028.10.1039/c2ee21679eSuche in Google Scholar
Muhammad, S. A., M. A. Mehmooda, O. S. Al-Ayed, G. Ye, H. M. Luo, U. Rashide, I. A. Nehdi, and G. Qadir. 2017. “Kinetic Analyses and Pyrolytic Behavior of Para Grass (Urochloa Mutica) for its Bioenergy Potential.” Bioresource Technology 224: 708–13.10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.090Suche in Google Scholar
Newalkar, G., K. Lisa, A. D. D’Amico, C. Sievers, and P. Agrawal. 2014. “Effect of Temperature, Pressure, and Residence Time on Pyrolysis of Pine in an Engrained Flow Reactor.” Energy and Fuels 28: 5144–57, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef5009715.Suche in Google Scholar
Pan, W. P., and G. N. Richards. 1989. “Influence of Metal-Ions on Volatile Products of Pyrolysis of Wood.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 16: 117–26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2370(89)85011-9.Suche in Google Scholar
Patra, T. K., and P. N. Sheth. 2015. “Biomass Gasification Models for Downdraft Gasifiers: A State of the Art Review.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 50: 583–93, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.05.012.Suche in Google Scholar
Ranzi, E., Corbetta, E., Manenti, F., Pierucci, S. (2014). “Kinetic Modeling of the Thermal Degradation and Combustion of Biomass.” Chemical Engineering Science 110: 2–12, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2013.08.014.Suche in Google Scholar
Scott, D. S., L. Paterson, J. Piskorz, and D. Radlein. 2001. “Pretreatment of Poplar Wood for Fast Pyrolysis: Rate of Cation Removal.” Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 57: 169–76, https://doi.org/10.1016/s0165-2370(00)00108-x.Suche in Google Scholar
Sharma, A., V. Pareek, and D. Zhang. 2015. “Biomass Pyrolysis—A Review of Modelling, Process Parameters and Catalytic Studies.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 50: 1081–96, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.193.Suche in Google Scholar
Stephen, D. 2011. Fast Pyrolysis of Corn Residues for Energy Production. Master thesis, Stellenbosch University, 2011.Suche in Google Scholar
Thenmozhi, P., B. Rekha, R. Saravanathamizhan, and K. Iyappan. 2019. Thermogravimetric and Kinetic Study of Pyrolysis of Corn Cob Biomass. Journal of Renewable Energy and Environment 6 (4): 35–40.Suche in Google Scholar
Van de Velden, M., J. Baeyens, A. Brems, B. Janssens, and R. Dewil. 2010. “Fundamentals, Kinetics and Endothermicity of the Biomass Pyrolysis Reaction.” Renewable Energy 35 (1): 232–42, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2009.04.019.Suche in Google Scholar
Várhegyi, G., B. Bobály, E. Jakab, and H. Chen. 2011. “Thermogravimetric Study of Biomass Pyrolysis Kinetics. A Distributed Activation Energy Model with Prediction Tests.” Energy and Fuels 25: 24–32.10.1021/ef101079rSuche in Google Scholar
Vyazovkin, S. 2015. Isoconversional Kinetics of Thermally Stimulated Processes, 1–239. Basel, Switzerland: Springer.10.1007/978-3-319-14175-6_1Suche in Google Scholar
Xiao, R., W. Yang, X. Cong, K. Dong, J. Xu, D. Wang, and X. Yang. 2020. “Thermogravimetric Analysis and Reaction Kinetics of Lignocellulosic Biomass Pyrolysis.” Energy 201: 117537, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117537.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- 10.1515/ijcre-2021-0153
- Special Issue Articles
- Kinetics studies on free radical scavenging property of ceria in polysulfone–ceria radiation resistant mixed-matrix membrane
- Dynamics of dust particles in a conducting water-based kerosene nanomaterials: a computational approach
- Calculations of activation energy and frequency factors for corn leafs pyrolysis using excel solver: new concept
- Removal of organic matter from wastewater coming from fruit juice production using solar photo-Fenton process
- Effects of aspect ratio and mushy-zone parameter on melting performance of a thermal energy storage unit filled with phase change material
- Simulation studies of n-heptane/toluene separation by extractive distillation using sulfolane, phenol, and NMP
- Kinetic-invariant analysis of dye degradation in an annular slurry bubble-column photo reactor
- Process intensification for enzyme assisted turmeric starch hydrolysis in hydrotropic and supercritical conditions
- Investigation on crystallization phenomena with supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) as the antisolvent
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Editorial
- 10.1515/ijcre-2021-0153
- Special Issue Articles
- Kinetics studies on free radical scavenging property of ceria in polysulfone–ceria radiation resistant mixed-matrix membrane
- Dynamics of dust particles in a conducting water-based kerosene nanomaterials: a computational approach
- Calculations of activation energy and frequency factors for corn leafs pyrolysis using excel solver: new concept
- Removal of organic matter from wastewater coming from fruit juice production using solar photo-Fenton process
- Effects of aspect ratio and mushy-zone parameter on melting performance of a thermal energy storage unit filled with phase change material
- Simulation studies of n-heptane/toluene separation by extractive distillation using sulfolane, phenol, and NMP
- Kinetic-invariant analysis of dye degradation in an annular slurry bubble-column photo reactor
- Process intensification for enzyme assisted turmeric starch hydrolysis in hydrotropic and supercritical conditions
- Investigation on crystallization phenomena with supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) as the antisolvent
