Electrogeneration of Active Chlorine in a Filter-Press-Type Reactor Using a New Sb2O5 Doped Ti/RuO2-ZrO2 Electrode: Indirect Indigoid Dye Oxidation
-
Francisca A. Rodríguez
and
Ignacio González
Abstract
This paper presents the study on active chlorine mediated electrochemical oxidation of model solutions that simulate textile effluents containing an indigoid dye (indigo carmine) and sodium chloride (0.05 M) using a new Sb2O5-doped Ti/RuO2-ZrO2 electrode. The study was carried out in a filter-press electrochemical reactor specially designed to minimize flow deviations and provide homogeneous mass transfer flux over the electrode surface. Firstly, the mass-transfer-limited chloride oxidation reaction was studied in the absence of dye in order to understand the active chlorine formation process. Changes in pH, chloride concentration and UV-visible absorption spectra during electrolysis reveal the formation of active chlorine (mainly hypochlorite) with current efficiencies for chloride oxidation of 0.558 and 0.503 at 10 and 20 mA cm−2, respectively. Secondly, chloride oxidation was investigated in the presence of indigo carmine dye (0.5 mM) where in-situ generated active chlorine was responsible for -C=C- bond breaking and dye degradation. The solution discoloration followed a pseudo-first order kinetics where kinetic coefficient was inversely proportional to dye concentration. The oxidation with active chlorine had an average efficiency of 0.7 and a very competitive energy consumption between 49.2 and 128.5 kW h (kg COD removed)−1 depending on current density and flow rate.
Funding statement: We are thankful for the support from UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT program, Project IN 114315. F.A. Rodríguez (grant holder number 227108) is grateful to Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the PhD fellowship granted.
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Articles in the same Issue
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- Genetic Programming based Drag Model with Improved Prediction Accuracy for Fluidization Systems
- Catalytic Photodegradation of Rhodamine B in the Presence of Natural Iron Oxide and Oxalic Acid under Artificial and Sunlight Radiation
- Esterification of Lauric Acid with Glycerol in the Presence of STA/MCM-41 Catalysts
- Existence of Synergistic Effects During Co-pyrolysis of Petroleum Coke and Wood Pellet
- Photocatalytic Treatment of Binary Mixture of Dyes using UV/TiO2 Process: Calibration, Modeling, Optimization and Mineralization Study
- Aqueous Phase Biosorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) onto Cabbage Leaves Powder
- Design and Simulation of a Chaotic Micromixer with Diamond-Like Micropillar Based on Artificial Neural Network
- Experimentally Validated CFD Model for Gas-Liquid Flow in a Round-Bottom Stirred Tank Equipped with Rushton Turbine
- Pyrolysis Products Characterization and Dynamic Behaviors of Hydrothermally Treated Lignite
- Pd/ZrO2: An Efficient Catalyst for Liquid Phase Oxidation of Toluene in Solvent Free Conditions
- Micro-reactor for Non-catalyzed Esterification Reaction: Performance and Modeling
- Mathematical Modeling of Carbon Nanotubes Formation in Fluidized Bed Chemical Vapor Deposition
- Electrogeneration of Active Chlorine in a Filter-Press-Type Reactor Using a New Sb2O5 Doped Ti/RuO2-ZrO2 Electrode: Indirect Indigoid Dye Oxidation
- Adsorptive Removal of As(III) from Aqueous Solution by Raw Coconut Husk and Iron Impregnated Coconut Husk: Kinetics and Equilibrium Analyses
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