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The role of whey acidic protein four-disulfide-core proteins in respiratory health and disease

  • Donna M. Small EMAIL logo , Declan F. Doherty , Caoifa M. Dougan , Sinéad Weldon and Clifford C. Taggart
Published/Copyright: October 17, 2016

Abstract

Members of the whey acidic protein (WAP) or WAP four-disulfide-core (WFDC) family of proteins are a relatively under-explored family of low molecular weight proteins. The two most prominent WFDC proteins, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and elafin (or the precursor, trappin-2), have been shown to possess multiple functions including anti-protease, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties. It is therefore of no surprise that both SLPI and elafin/trappin-2 have been developed as potential therapeutics. Given the abundance of SLPI and elafin/trappin-2 in the human lung, most work in the area of WFDC research has focused on the role of WFDC proteins in protecting the lung from proteolytic attack. In this review, we will outline the current evidence regarding the expanding role of WFDC protein function with a focus on WFDC activity in lung disease as well as emerging data regarding the function of some of the more recently described WFDC proteins.


Corresponding author: Dr. Donna M. Small, Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome – Wolfson Building, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland

Acknowledgments

Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (WELDON15G0), the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2011) under grant agreement no. 603038 (CF Matters), and the Department for Employment and Learning (Northern Ireland).

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Received: 2016-8-3
Accepted: 2016-10-13
Published Online: 2016-10-17
Published in Print: 2017-4-1

©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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