Uncovering the ultrastructure of ramiform pits in the parenchyma cells of bamboo [Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houz.]
-
Caiping Lian
,
Feng Yang
und
Benhua Fei
Abstract
Pits are the main transverse channels of intercellular liquid transport in bamboo. Ramiform pits are a special type of simple pit with two or more branches. However, little is known about the morphology and physiological functions of ramiform pits. The anatomy of plants can provide important evidence for the role of cells. To better understand the ultrastructure and the structure-function relationship of ramiform pits, their characteristics need to be investigated. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative features of ramiform pits were studied using field-emission environmental scanning electron microscopy (FE-ESEM). The samples included the native structures and the replica structures obtained by resin castings. The results show that the ramiform pits have a diverse morphology that can be divided into main categories: type I (the primary branches) and type II (the secondary branches). The distribution of ramiform pits is different in ground parenchyma cells (GPCs) and vascular parenchyma cells (VPCs). The number, the pit aperture diameter and the pit canal length of ramiform pits in the VPCs were, respectively, greater (3-fold), larger (2–3-fold) and shorter (1.3-fold) than those in the GPCs.
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation
Award Identifier / Grant number: 31770599
Funding statement: The authors acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation, funder Id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809 (grant no. 31770599).
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful for the help of Huangfei Lv, Xiangtian Jin and Jingyi Zhao from the International Center for Bamboo and Rattan.
Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Employment or leadership: None declared.
Honorarium: None declared.
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Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Wood color changes and termiticidal properties of teak heartwood extract used as a wood preservative
- Relationship between attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of western juniper and natural resistance to fungal and termite attack
- Natural durability of four Tunisian Eucalyptus spp. and their respective compositions in extractives
- Understanding the structural changes of lignin in poplar following steam explosion pretreatment
- Influence of long-term heat treatment of kraft black liquor on lignin precipitation and material properties
- Effect of structure of technical lignin on the electrochemical performance of lignin-derived porous carbon from K2CO3 activation
- The effect of ionic liquid and superbase pre-treatment on the spring-back, set-recovery and Brinell hardness of surface-densified Scots pine
- Microwave-assisted direct transformation of lignocellulose into methyl glycopyranoside in ionic liquid
- Uncovering the ultrastructure of ramiform pits in the parenchyma cells of bamboo [Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houz.]
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Wood color changes and termiticidal properties of teak heartwood extract used as a wood preservative
- Relationship between attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of western juniper and natural resistance to fungal and termite attack
- Natural durability of four Tunisian Eucalyptus spp. and their respective compositions in extractives
- Understanding the structural changes of lignin in poplar following steam explosion pretreatment
- Influence of long-term heat treatment of kraft black liquor on lignin precipitation and material properties
- Effect of structure of technical lignin on the electrochemical performance of lignin-derived porous carbon from K2CO3 activation
- The effect of ionic liquid and superbase pre-treatment on the spring-back, set-recovery and Brinell hardness of surface-densified Scots pine
- Microwave-assisted direct transformation of lignocellulose into methyl glycopyranoside in ionic liquid
- Uncovering the ultrastructure of ramiform pits in the parenchyma cells of bamboo [Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houz.]
