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Isolation and characterization of lignin from beech wood and chestnut sawdust for the preparation of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) from wood industry side-streams

  • Florian Zikeli , Vittorio Vinciguerra , Anna Rita Taddei , Alessandro D’Annibale , Manuela Romagnoli and Giuseppe Scarascia Mugnozza EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: June 23, 2018
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Abstract

Lignin was isolated through mild acidolysis from local wood sources such as beech wood and chestnut wood sawdust, a high-volume side product of wood industries. The lignin fractions were characterized by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and two-dimensional heteronuclear single-quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (2D HSQC NMR) spectroscopies and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The Klason lignin (KL) content and polysaccharide composition were determined using traditional methods. Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were prepared via a non-solvent method involving dialysis and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and FTIR and UV-VIS spectroscopies. Semi-porous as well as hollow nanoparticles endowed with a spherical shape were observed. The large majority of the LNPs exhibited an average particle diameter of 90–120 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed that both distribution and frequency of dimensional classes of LNPs are clearly affected by the lignin solvent system, i.e. solvent selection governs the size distribution of LNPs.

Acknowledgments

This work was conducted in the frame of the PRIN-MIUR 2015 (Research Projects of National Interest by the Ministry of Education, University and Research of Italy) “Wood value-chain” project (grant number: 2015YW8JWA, coord. G. Scarascia-Mugnozza). Financial support from the PON R&C ALForLab (grant number: PON03PE_00024_1) Public-Private Partnership and the CNR-ISAFOM Institute (Dir. G. Matteucci) is also gratefully acknowledged. Support with 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy experiments from Prof. Roberta Bernini from the Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy, is gratefully acknowledged. Support in dynamic light scattering experiments from Nathalie Sandrine Bieri from Bern University of Applied Sciences, Wood and Civil Engineering, area of competence Materials and Wood Chemistry, is gratefully acknowledged.

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Employment or leadership: None declared.

  3. Honorarium: None declared.

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Received: 2017-12-15
Accepted: 2018-05-25
Published Online: 2018-06-23
Published in Print: 2018-11-27

©2018 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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