Effect of fiber modification with 3-isopropenyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) on the mechanical properties and water absorption of hemp-unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites
Abstract
Hemp fibers were modified with 3-isopropenyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI), in presence of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBT) as a catalyst. Then reinforced hemp-unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites were prepared with modified fibers by means of hand lay-up compression molding. The fiber treatments significantly increased the tensile strength (TS), flexural strength (FS), and water resistance of the resulting composites, while their flexural modulus (FM) was not influenced. The tensile-fractured surfaces of the composites were observed by SEM and the images revealed that fiber treatments significantly improved the interfacial adhesion between hemp fibers and UPE resins. FT-IR spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicated that the treated-fibers were partly covalently bound to TMI.
The authors greatly appreciate funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31070495, 31250007), the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2011J01282), and the Ministry of Education of China for the Chinese Returned Scholar from Overseas (Grant No. Jybxjj03).
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©2014 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original articles
- Enhancement of paper dry strength by carboxymethylated β-d-glucan from oat as additive
- Effect of fiber modification with 3-isopropenyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) on the mechanical properties and water absorption of hemp-unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites
- Pulping-tailored fiber properties from a novel Brazilian Eucalyptus hybrid
- Mechanical performance of cellulose nanofibril film-wood flake laminate
- Variation of mechanical properties of single bamboo fibers (Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro) with respect to age and location in culms
- Determination of the mechanical properties of radiata pine timber by means of longitudinal and transverse vibration methods
- A theoretical and experimental study of the circular sawing process
- Mathematical modeling of drying of Masson pine lumber and its asymmetrical moisture content profile
- Combined treatment of green pitch pine wood by heat and superheated steam and the effects on physical properties of the products
- Effect of mild torrefaction on pulverization of Norway spruce (Picea abies) by oscillatory ball milling: particle morphology and cellulose crystallinity
- Improved weathering performance and wettability of wood protected by CeO2 coating deposited onto the surface
- Impregnation of laser incised wood of Douglas fir and Japanese cedar by dipping (passive impregnation) in solutions of copper azole (CuAz-B) and a fire retardant (PPC)
- Short Notes
- Effect of initial moisture content on the anti-swelling efficiency of thermally modified Scots pine sapwood treated in a high-pressure reactor under saturated steam
- Comparison of antitermite properties of 2-thioxocoumarins against Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki
- Meetings
- Meetings
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Original articles
- Enhancement of paper dry strength by carboxymethylated β-d-glucan from oat as additive
- Effect of fiber modification with 3-isopropenyl-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) on the mechanical properties and water absorption of hemp-unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites
- Pulping-tailored fiber properties from a novel Brazilian Eucalyptus hybrid
- Mechanical performance of cellulose nanofibril film-wood flake laminate
- Variation of mechanical properties of single bamboo fibers (Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro) with respect to age and location in culms
- Determination of the mechanical properties of radiata pine timber by means of longitudinal and transverse vibration methods
- A theoretical and experimental study of the circular sawing process
- Mathematical modeling of drying of Masson pine lumber and its asymmetrical moisture content profile
- Combined treatment of green pitch pine wood by heat and superheated steam and the effects on physical properties of the products
- Effect of mild torrefaction on pulverization of Norway spruce (Picea abies) by oscillatory ball milling: particle morphology and cellulose crystallinity
- Improved weathering performance and wettability of wood protected by CeO2 coating deposited onto the surface
- Impregnation of laser incised wood of Douglas fir and Japanese cedar by dipping (passive impregnation) in solutions of copper azole (CuAz-B) and a fire retardant (PPC)
- Short Notes
- Effect of initial moisture content on the anti-swelling efficiency of thermally modified Scots pine sapwood treated in a high-pressure reactor under saturated steam
- Comparison of antitermite properties of 2-thioxocoumarins against Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki
- Meetings
- Meetings