The dark side of Instagram: How voyeurism and malicious envy drive negative gossip?

References

Akkaş, C., & Turan, A. H. (2024). Social network use and life satisfaction: A systematic review. Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 28(3), 231–251. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-03-2023-003710.1108/MHSI-03-2023-0037Suche in Google Scholar

Appel, H., Gerlach, A., & Crusius, J. (2016). The interplay between Facebook use, social comparison, envy, and depression. Current Opinion in Psychology, 9, 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COPSYC.2015.10.00610.1016/j.copsyc.2015.10.006Suche in Google Scholar

Bagdasarov, Z., Greene, K., Banerjee, S. C., Krcmar, M., Yanovitzky, I., & Ruginyte, D. (2010). I am what I watch: Voyeurism, sensation seeking, and television viewing patterns. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 54(2), 299–315. https://doi.org/10.1080/0883815100373499510.1080/08838151003734995Suche in Google Scholar

Brady, D. L., Brown, D. J., & Liang, L. H. (2017). Moving beyond assumptions of deviance: The reconceptualization and measurement of workplace gossip. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl000016410.1037/apl0000164Suche in Google Scholar

Briki, W. (2019). Harmed trait self-control: Why do people with a higher dispositional malicious envy experience lower subjective wellbeing? A cross-sectional study. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20(2), 523–540. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9955-x10.1007/s10902-017-9955-xSuche in Google Scholar

Brooks, A. W., Huang, K., Abi-Esber, N., Buell, R. W., Huang, L., & Hall, B. (2019). Mitigating malicious envy: Why successful individuals should reveal their failures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 148(4), 667–687. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge000053810.1037/xge0000538Suche in Google Scholar

Buglass, S. L., Binder, J. F., Betts, L. R., & Underwood, J. D. M. (2017). Motivators of online vulnerability: The impact of social network site use and FOMO. Computers in Human Behavior, 66, 248–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.05510.1016/j.chb.2016.09.055Suche in Google Scholar

Bumgarner, B. A. (2007). You have been poked: Exploring the uses and gratifications of Facebook among emerging adults. First Monday. https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v12i11.202610.5210/fm.v12i11.2026Suche in Google Scholar

Cai, Z. (2023). You will gaze what you are gazed: Mediated voyeurism and exhibitionism on Wechat. Journal of Theory and Practice of Social Science, 3(8), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.53469/jtpss.2023.03(08).0610.53469/jtpss.2023.03(08).06Suche in Google Scholar

Calvert, C. (2004). Voyeur nation: Media, privacy, and peering in modern culture. Westview Press.Suche in Google Scholar

Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295–336.Suche in Google Scholar

Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge.10.4324/9780203771587Suche in Google Scholar

Cramer, E. M., Song, H., & Drent, A. M. (2016). Social comparison on Facebook: Motivation, affective consequences, self-esteem, and Facebook fatigue. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 739–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.07.04910.1016/j.chb.2016.07.049Suche in Google Scholar

Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., Budhiraja, S., & Islam, N. (2021). The dark side of social media: Stalking, online self-disclosure and problematic sleep. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 45(6), 1373–1391. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.1265910.1111/ijcs.12659Suche in Google Scholar

Dores Cruz, T. D., Nieper, A. S., Testori, M., Martinescu, E., & Beersma, B. (2021). An integrative definition and framework to study gossip. Group & Organization Management, 46(2), 252–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/105960112199288710.1177/1059601121992887Suche in Google Scholar

Eder, D., & Enke, J. L. (1991). The structure of gossip: Opportunities and constraints on collective expression among adolescents. American Sociological Review, 56(4), 494–508. https://doi.org/10.2307/209627010.2307/2096270Suche in Google Scholar

Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook “friends”: Social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12(4), 1143–1168. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.x10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00367.xSuche in Google Scholar

Ellwardt, L., Labianca, G. (J.), & Wittek, R. (2012). Who are the objects of positive and negative gossip at work? Social Networks, 34(2), 193–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2011.11.00310.1016/j.socnet.2011.11.003Suche in Google Scholar

Estévez, J. L., Kisfalusi, D., & Takács, K. (2022). More than one’s negative ties: The role of friends’ antipathies in high school gossip. Social Networks, 70, 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2021.11.00910.1016/j.socnet.2021.11.009Suche in Google Scholar

Fehr, D., & Sutter, M. (2019). Gossip and the efficiency of interactions. Games and Economic Behavior, 113, 448–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2018.10.00310.1016/j.geb.2018.10.003Suche in Google Scholar

Feng, W., Yang, M. X., Yu, I. Y., & Tu, R. (2021). When positive reviews on social networking sites backfire: The role of social comparison and malicious envy. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 30(1), 120–138. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2020.177574510.1080/19368623.2020.1775745Suche in Google Scholar

Festinger, L. (1954). A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 7(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187267540070020210.1177/001872675400700202Suche in Google Scholar

Fioravanti, G., & Casale, S. (2020). The active and passive use of Facebook: Measurement and association with Facebook addiction. Journal of Psychopathology, 176–182. https://doi.org/10.36148/2284-0249-329Suche in Google Scholar

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382–388. https://doi.org/10.2307/315098010.1177/002224378101800313Suche in Google Scholar

Grosser, T. J., Lopez-Kidwell, V., & Labianca, G. (2010). A social network analysis of positive and negative gossip in organizational life. Group & Organization Management, 35(2), 177–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/105960110936039110.1177/1059601109360391Suche in Google Scholar

Haferkamp, N., Eimler, S. C., Papadakis, A.-M., & Kruck, J. V. (2012). Men are from Mars, women are from Venus? Examining gender differences in self-presentation on social networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(2), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.015110.1089/cyber.2011.0151Suche in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-710.1007/978-3-030-80519-7Suche in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152.10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202Suche in Google Scholar

Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Rethinking some of the rethinking of partial least squares. European Journal of Marketing, 53(4), 566–584. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-10-2018-066510.1108/EJM-10-2018-0665Suche in Google Scholar

Hayes, A. F. (2015). An index and test of linear moderated mediation. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2014.96268310.1080/00273171.2014.962683Suche in Google Scholar

Hess, N. H., & Hagen, E. H. (2019). Gossip, reputation, and friendship in within-group competition: An evolutionary perspective. In F. Giardini & R. Wittek (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Gossip and Reputation (pp. 274–302). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190494087.013.1510.1093/oxfordhb/9780190494087.013.15Suche in Google Scholar

Jang, J. Y., Han, K., & Lee, D. (2015). No reciprocity in “liking” photos: Analyzing like activities in Instagram. Proceedings of the 26^th ACM Conference on Hypertext & Social Media – HT ’15, 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1145/2700171.279104310.1145/2700171.2791043Suche in Google Scholar

Jin, S. V. (2018). Interactive effects of Instagram foodies’ hashtagged #Foodporn and peer users’ eating disorder on eating intention, envy, parasocial interaction, and online friendship. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21(3), 157–167. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.047610.1089/cyber.2017.0476Suche in Google Scholar

Jin, S. V., & Ryu, E. (2020). “I’ll buy what she’s #wearing”: The roles of envy toward and parasocial interaction with influencers in Instagram celebrity-based brand endorsement and social commerce. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55, 102121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.10212110.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102121Suche in Google Scholar

Jin, S. V., & Ryu, E. (2022). “A streetcar named Instagram desire”: Evolutionary psychological perspectives on the multifarious human desires that shape Instagram selfie-and-groupfie cultures. Behavioral Sciences, 12(10), 396.10.3390/bs12100396Suche in Google Scholar

Kim, H., & Chung, N. (2023). An ambivalent role of travel envy on social media. Current Issues in Tourism, 26(21), 3516–3531. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2022.213074110.1080/13683500.2022.2130741Suche in Google Scholar

Kim, Y., Sohn, D., & Choi, S. M. (2011). Cultural difference in motivations for using social network sites: A comparative study of American and Korean college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(1), 365–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.01510.1016/j.chb.2010.08.015Suche in Google Scholar

Krasnova, H., Widjaja, T., Buxmann, P., Wenninger, H., & Benbasat, I. (2015). Why following friends can hurt you: An exploratory investigation of the effects of envy on social networking sites among college-age users. Information Systems Research, 26(3), 585–605. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2015.058810.1287/isre.2015.0588Suche in Google Scholar

Lange, J., & Crusius, J. (2015). The tango of two deadly sins: The social-functional relation of envy and pride. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 109(3), 453–472. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspi000002610.1037/pspi0000026Suche in Google Scholar

Lange, J., Crusius, J., & Hagemeyer, B. (2016). The Evil Queen’s dilemma: Linking narcissistic admiration and rivalry to benign and malicious envy. European Journal of Personality, 30(2), 168–188. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.204710.1002/per.2047Suche in Google Scholar

Latif, K., Weng, Q., Pitafi, A. H., Ali, A., Siddiqui, A. W., Malik, M. Y., & Latif, Z. (2021). Social comparison as a double-edged sword on social media: The role of envy type and online social identity. Telematics and Informatics, 56, 101470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.10147010.1016/j.tele.2020.101470Suche in Google Scholar

Lim, M. S., & Kim, J. (2018). Facebook users’ loneliness based on different types of interpersonal relationships: Links to grandiosity and envy. Information Technology and People, 31(3), 646–665. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITP-04-2016-009510.1108/ITP-04-2016-0095Suche in Google Scholar

Lim, M., & Yang, Y. (2015). Effects of users’ envy and shame on social comparison that occurs on social network services. Computers in Human Behavior, 51, 300–311.10.1016/j.chb.2015.05.013Suche in Google Scholar

Lim, M., & Yang, Y. (2019). Upward social comparison and Facebook users’ grandiosity: Examining the effect of envy on loneliness and subjective well-being. Online Information Review, 43(4), 635–652. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-04-2017-013710.1108/OIR-04-2017-0137Suche in Google Scholar

Lin, R. (2018). Silver lining of envy on social media? The relationships between post content, envy type, and purchase intentions. Internet Research, 28(4), 1142–1164. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-05-2017-020310.1108/IntR-05-2017-0203Suche in Google Scholar

Liu, C., & Ma, J. (2020). Social media addiction and burnout: The mediating roles of envy and social media use anxiety. Current Psychology, 39(6), 1883–1891. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9998-010.1007/s12144-018-9998-0Suche in Google Scholar

Liu, H., Wu, L., & Li, X. (2019). Social media envy: How experience sharing on social networking sites drives millennials’ aspirational tourism consumption. Journal of Travel Research, 58(3), 355–369. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/004728751876161510.1177/0047287518761615Suche in Google Scholar

Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 19(1), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.153350110.1080/15252019.2018.1533501Suche in Google Scholar

Lup, K., Trub, L., & Rosenthal, L. (2015). Instagram# instasad? Exploring associations among Instagram use, depressive symptoms, negative social comparison, and strangers followed. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(5), 247–252.10.1089/cyber.2014.0560Suche in Google Scholar

Mäntymäki, M. and Islam, A. N. (2014). Voyeurism and exhibitionism as gratifications from prosuming social networking sites. Europeam Conference on Information Systems. Tel Aviv.Suche in Google Scholar

Mäntymäki, M., & Islam, A. N. (2016). The Janus face of Facebook: Positive and negative sides of social networking site use. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.02.07810.1016/j.chb.2016.02.078Suche in Google Scholar

Marino, C., Gini, G., Vieno, A., & Spada, M. M. (2018). A comprehensive meta-analysis on problematic Facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 83, 262–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.02.00910.1016/j.chb.2018.02.009Suche in Google Scholar

Matthes, J., Karsay, K., Schmuck, D., & Stevic, A. (2020). “Too much to handle”: Impact of mobile social networking sites on information overload, depressive symptoms, and well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 105, 106217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.10621710.1016/j.chb.2019.106217Suche in Google Scholar

Mattke, J., Maier, C., Reis, L., & Weitzel, T. (2020). Herd behavior in social media: The role of Facebook likes, strength of ties, and expertise. Information & Management, 57(8), 103370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2020.10337010.1016/j.im.2020.103370Suche in Google Scholar

McAndrew, F. T., Bell, E. K., & Garcia, C. M. (2007). Who do we tell and whom do we tell on? Gossip as a strategy for status enhancement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(7), 1562–1577. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00227.x10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00227.xSuche in Google Scholar

McAndrew, F. T., & Jeong, H. S. (2012). Who does what on Facebook? Age, sex, and relationship status as predictors of Facebook use. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(6), 2359–2365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.00710.1016/j.chb.2012.07.007Suche in Google Scholar

Meier, A., Gilbert, A., Börner, S., & Possler, D. (2021). Instagram inspiration: How upward comparison on social network sites can contribute to well-being. Journal of Communication, 70(5), 721–743. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1093/JOC/JQAA02510.1093/joc/jqaa025Suche in Google Scholar

Meier, A., & Schäfer, S. (2018). Positive side of social comparison on social network sites: How envy can drive inspiration on Instagram. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 21(7), 411–417. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.070810.1089/cyber.2017.0708Suche in Google Scholar

Meshi, D., Elizarova, A., Bender, A., & Verdejo-Garcia, A. (2019). Excessive social media users demonstrate impaired decision making in the Iowa Gambling Task. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8(1), 169–173. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.13810.1556/2006.7.2018.138Suche in Google Scholar

Metzl, J. M. (2004). Voyeur nation? Changing definitions of voyeurism, 1950–2004. Harv Rev Psychiatry, 12(2), 127–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1067322049044724510.1080/10673220490447245Suche in Google Scholar

Murtaza, G., Neveu, J., Khan, R., & Talpur, Q. (2023). Gossip 2.0: The role of social media and moral attentiveness on counterproductive work behaviour. Applied Psychology, 72(4), 1478–1505. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.1244910.1111/apps.12449Suche in Google Scholar

Ng, J. C. K., Lin, E. S. S., & Lee, V. K. Y. (2023). Does Instagram make you speak ill of others or improve yourself? A daily diary study on the moderating role of malicious and benign envy. Computers in Human Behavior, 148, 107873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.10787310.1016/j.chb.2023.107873Suche in Google Scholar

Noon, E. J., & Meier, A. (2019). Inspired by friends: Adolescents’ network homophily moderates the relationship between social comparison, envy, and inspiration on Instagram. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22(12), 787–793. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.041210.1089/cyber.2019.0412Suche in Google Scholar

Okazaki, S., Rubio, N., & Campo, S. (2014). Gossip in social networking sites: Why people chitchat about ad campaigns. International Journal of Market Research, 56(3), 317–340. https://doi.org/10.2501/IJMR-2014-02210.2501/IJMR-2014-022Suche in Google Scholar

Ottoni, R., Pesce, J. P., Las Casas, D., Franciscani Jr., G., Meira Jr., W., Kumaraguru, P., & Almeida, V. (2013). Ladies first: Analyzing gender roles and behaviors in Pinterest. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 7(1), 457–465. https://doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v7i1.1443810.1609/icwsm.v7i1.14438Suche in Google Scholar

Ouwerkerk, J. W., & Johnson, B. K. (2016). Motives for online friending and following: The dark side of social network site connections. Social Media + Society, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/205630511666421910.1177/2056305116664219Suche in Google Scholar

Pancer, E., McShane, L., & Poole, M. (2017). Schadenfreude and product failures: The role of product deservingness and product status. Journal of Marketing Management, 33(15–16), 1236–1255. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2017.138163910.1080/0267257X.2017.1381639Suche in Google Scholar

Park, K.-G., Kim, J., & Kim, H. (2022). How exhibitionism and voyeurism contribute to engagement in SNS use: The mediating effects of content production and consumption. Telematics and Informatics, 69, 101798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2022.10179810.1016/j.tele.2022.101798Suche in Google Scholar

Parrott, W. G., & Smith, R. H. (1993). Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64(6), 906.10.1037//0022-3514.64.6.906Suche in Google Scholar

Pratto, F., & John, O. P. (1991). Automatic vigilance: The attention-grabbing power of negative social information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(3), 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.3.38010.1037//0022-3514.61.3.380Suche in Google Scholar

Reimann, L.-E., Ozimek, P., Rohmann, E., & Bierhoff, H.-W. (2021). Post more! The mediating role of social capital between Instagram use and satisfaction with life. Current Psychology, 42, 12175–12189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02579-610.1007/s12144-021-02579-6Suche in Google Scholar

Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2021). SmartPLS 3. http://www.smartpls.comSuche in Google Scholar

Robbins, M. L., & Karan, A. (2020). Who gossips and how in everyday life? Social Psychological and Personality Science, 11(2), 185–195. https://doi.org/10.1177/194855061983700010.1177/1948550619837000Suche in Google Scholar

Rosnow, R. L. (2001). Rumor and gossip in interpersonal interaction and beyond: A social exchange perspective. In R. M. Kowalski (Ed.), Behaving badly: Aversive behaviors in interpersonal relationships (pp. 203–232). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10365-00810.1037/10365-008Suche in Google Scholar

Rozgonjuk, D., Sindermann, C., Elhai, J. D., & Montag, C. (2020). Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and social media’s impact on daily-life and productivity at work: Do WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat use disorders mediate that association? Addictive Behaviors, 110, 106487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.10648710.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106487Suche in Google Scholar

Salerno, A., Laran, J., & Janiszewski, C. (2019). The bad can be good: When benign and malicious envy motivate goal pursuit. Journal of Consumer Research, 46(2), 388–405. https://doi.org/10.1093/jcr/ucy07710.1093/jcr/ucy077Suche in Google Scholar

Sheldon, P., & Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.05910.1016/j.chb.2015.12.059Suche in Google Scholar

Smith, R. H. (2004). Envy and its transmutations. In L. Z. Tiedens & C. W. Leach (Eds.), The social life of emotions (pp. 43–63). Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511819568.004Suche in Google Scholar

Smith, R. H., & Kim, S. H. (2007). Comprehending envy. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.4610.1037/0033-2909.133.1.46Suche in Google Scholar

Tai, K., Narayanan, J., & McAllister, D. J. (2012). Envy as pain: Rethinking the nature of envy and its implications for employees and organizations. Academy of Management Review, 37(1), 107–129. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.048410.5465/amr.2009.0484Suche in Google Scholar

Talwar, S., Dhir, A., Kaur, P., Zafar, N., & Alrasheedy, M. (2019). Why do people share fake news? Associations between the dark side of social media use and fake news sharing behavior. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 51, 72–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.05.02610.1016/j.jretconser.2019.05.026Suche in Google Scholar

Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2021). Dark consequences of social media-induced fear of missing out (FoMO): Social media stalking, comparisons, and fatigue. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 171, 120931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.12093110.1016/j.techfore.2021.120931Suche in Google Scholar

Taylor, D. G., & Strutton, D. (2016). Does Facebook usage lead to conspicuous consumption? The role of envy, narcissism and self-promotion. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 10(3), 231–248. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-01-2015-000910.1108/JRIM-01-2015-0009Suche in Google Scholar

Turner, M. M., Mazur, M. A., Wendel, N., & Winslow, R. (2003). Relational ruin or social glue? The joint effect of relationship type and gossip valence on liking, trust, and expertise. Communication Monographs, 70(2), 129–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/036377503200013378210.1080/0363775032000133782Suche in Google Scholar

Ulaş, M., Yeşi̇l, A., & Yilmaz, A. (2022). Bireysel dijital imajin gözetimi: Instagram stalk pratiği üzerine ampirik bir araştirma [Monitoring individual digital image: An empirical study on Instagram stalking practices]. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7(2), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.107655910.47107/inifedergi.1076559Suche in Google Scholar

Utz, S., & Beukeboom, C. J. (2011). The role of social network sites in romantic relationships: Effects on jealousy and relationship happiness. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 16(4), 511–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2011.01552.x10.1111/j.1083-6101.2011.01552.xSuche in Google Scholar

Van De Ven, N. (2016). Envy and its consequences: Why it is useful to distinguish between benign and malicious envy. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 10(6), 337–349. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.1225310.1111/spc3.12253Suche in Google Scholar

Van De Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2009). Leveling up and down: The experiences of benign and malicious envy. Emotion, 9(3), 419–429. https://doi.org/10.1037/a001566910.1037/a0015669Suche in Google Scholar

Van De Ven, N., Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2012). Appraisal patterns of envy and related emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 36(2), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-011-9235-810.1007/s11031-011-9235-8Suche in Google Scholar

Verduyn, P., Lee, D. S., Park, J., Shablack, H., Orvell, A., Bayer, J., Ybarra, O., Jonides, J., & Kross, E. (2015). Passive Facebook usage undermines affective well-being: Experimental and longitudinal evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 144(2), 480–488. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge000005710.1037/xge0000057Suche in Google Scholar

Vrabel, J. K., Zeigler-Hill, V., & Southard, A. C. (2018). Self-esteem and envy: Is state self-esteem instability associated with the benign and malicious forms of envy? Personality and Individual Differences, 123, 100–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.11.00110.1016/j.paid.2017.11.001Suche in Google Scholar

Walker, C., Cohen, A., & Sibbald, K. (2008). Self-gossip on Facebook: A tactic of self-presentation. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Psychological Science (2008, May). Chicago.Suche in Google Scholar

Wang, S. S. (2015). To unfriend or not: Exploring factors affecting users in keeping friends on Facebook and the implications on mediated voyeurism. Asian Journal of Communication, 25(5), 465–485. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2014.99046910.1080/01292986.2014.990469Suche in Google Scholar

Wang, T., Mai, X. T., & Thai, T. D.-H. (2021). Approach or avoid? The dualistic effects of envy on social media users’ behavioral intention. International Journal of Information Management, 60, 102374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.10237410.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102374Suche in Google Scholar

Wang, T., Thai, T. D.-H., Yeh, R. K.-J., & Tamariz Fadic, C. (2023). Unveiling the effect of benign and malicious envy toward social media influencers on brand choice. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 18(2), 275–293. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-11-2022-033510.1108/JRIM-11-2022-0335Suche in Google Scholar

Wang, Y., Sun, Y., & Wang, N. (2024). Authentic presentation or false exaggeration? Exploring the effects of social- and personal-based comparisons from cognitive emotion theory. Computers in Human Behavior, 156, 108231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2024.10823110.1016/j.chb.2024.108231Suche in Google Scholar

We Are Social (2025). We are social UK. https://wearesocial.com/uk/blog/2025/02/digital-2025/Suche in Google Scholar

Wenninger, H., Cheung, C. M. K., & Chmielinski, M. (2021). Understanding envy and users’ responses to envy in the context of social networking sites: A literature review. International Journal of Information Management, 58, 102303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.10230310.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102303Suche in Google Scholar

Wenninger, H., Cheung, C. M., & Krasnova, H. (2019). College-aged users behavioral strategies to reduce envy on social networking sites: A cross-cultural investigation. Computers in Human Behavior, 97, 10–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.02.02510.1016/j.chb.2019.02.025Suche in Google Scholar

Wu, J., & Srite, M. (2014). How envy influences SNS intentions to use. 20^th Americas Conference on Information Systems, AMCIS 2014.Suche in Google Scholar

Wu, J., & Srite, M. (2021). Envy on social media: The good, the bad and the ugly. International Journal of Information Management, 56, 102255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.10225510.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102255Suche in Google Scholar

Xu, J., Wang, Y., & Jiang, Y. (2023). How do social media tourist images influence destination attitudes? Effects of social comparison and envy. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 40(4), 310–325. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2023.224541010.1080/10548408.2023.2245410Suche in Google Scholar

Yan, Q., Chen, Y., Jiang, Y., & Chen, H. (2023). Exploring the impact of envy and admiration on social media fatigue: Social media loneliness and anxiety as mediators. Current Psychology, 42(20), 16830–16843. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02904-710.1007/s12144-022-02904-7Suche in Google Scholar

Yin, L., Wang, P., Nie, J., Guo, J., Feng, J., & Lei, L. (2021). Social networking sites addiction and FoMO: The mediating role of envy and the moderating role of need to belong. Current Psychology, 40(8), 3879–3887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00344-410.1007/s12144-019-00344-4Suche in Google Scholar

Yucel, M., Sjobeck, G. R., Glass, R., & Rottman, J. (2021). Being in the know: Social network analysis of gossip and friendship on a college campus. Human Nature, 32(3), 603–621. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-021-09409-510.1007/s12110-021-09409-5Suche in Google Scholar

Zhao, H., & Zhang, H. (2022). How personal relative deprivation influences moral disengagement: The role of malicious envy and honesty–humility. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 63(3), 246–255. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.1279110.1111/sjop.12791Suche in Google Scholar

Zhu, X., & Smith, R. (2016). Advancing research on the spread of stigmatizing beliefs with insights from rumor transmission. American Behavioral Scientist, 60(11), 1342–1361. https://doi.org/10.1177/000276421665738210.1177/0002764216657382Suche in Google Scholar

Zizzo, D. J., & Oswald, A. J. (2001). Are people willing to pay to reduce others’ incomes? Annales d’Économie et de Statistique, 63/64, 39–65. https://doi.org/10.2307/2007629510.2307/20076295Suche in Google Scholar