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Mechanisms of Immunosensitization to Metals (IUPAC Technical Report)

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Chemistry International -- Newsmagazine for IUPAC
From the journal Chemistry International -- Newsmagazine for IUPAC Volume 26 Issue 6

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Making an imPACt|Recent IUPAC technical reports and recommendations that affect the many fields of pure and applied chemistry.

See also www.iupac.org/publications/pac

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Mechanisms of Immunosensitization to Metals (IUPAC Technical Report)

D.M. Templeton

Pure and Applied Chemistry

Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. 1255–1268 (2004)

Many metal ions produce immunosensitization. While metals common in the body, such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe, are immunologically inactive, some trace elements are strong immunosensitzers. Often, exposure to high local concentrations of a metal in the lung or on the skin initiates the immunological process and leads to acute or chronic disease. Exposures to such metals in the workplace, in connection with drug therapy, or in everyday life have considerable health consequences for society.

This present review summarizes our knowledge of the mechanisms by which certain trace elements evoke allergenicity. Some physiological electrolytes (e.g., Na+, K+) and macro-nutrients (e.g., Ca2+, Fe3+) are immunologically inactive. However, some trace elements essential for cell function (e.g., Co2+, Cu2+, Cr3+),as well as nonessential elements generally considered toxic (e.g., Hg species) or in use as therapeutic agents (e.g., some species of Pt and Au), can give rise to adverse immune reactions. Specific immunological responses to Ni, Co, Cr, Hg, Be, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ir, In, and Au are discussed. In general, these elements can activate T or B cells by specific receptor interactions, resulting in clonal expansion of a metal-specific lymphocyte and an immune response (typically dermatitis) upon re-exposure.

This report constitutes the background for another IUPAC project which goal is to evaluate and harmonize the use of specific biomarkers for metal sensitization.

www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2004/7606/7606x1255.html

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Page last modified 10 November 2004.

Copyright © 2003-2004 International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

Questions regarding the website, please contact edit.ci@iupac.org

Published Online: 2009-09-01
Published in Print: 2004-11

© 2014 by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co.

Articles in the same Issue

  1. From the Editor
  2. Contents
  3. Chemists in a Vulnerable World
  4. Strengthening International Science for the Benefit of Society: An Overview of the International Council for Science
  5. Women in Chemistry: Her Lab in Your Life
  6. The Future of Chemistry Education
  7. Young Observers Going to Beijing
  8. Marian Góral Received the 2004 Franzosini Award
  9. International Year of Physics, 2005
  10. Electromotivity to Replace Electromotive Force?
  11. Bonded by Stereobonds
  12. Reference Methods, Standards, and Applications of Photoluminescence
  13. Glossary of Terms Used in Biomolecular Screening
  14. Practical Studies for Medicinal Chemistry Guidelines
  15. Internationally Agreed Terminology for Observations in Scientific Communication
  16. Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments
  17. Quantities, Terminology, and Symbols in Photothermal and Related Spectroscopies (IUPAC Recommendations 2004)
  18. Electrochemical Detection in Liquid Flow Analytical Techniques: Characterization and Classification (IUPAC Technical Report)
  19. Piezoelectric Chemical Sensors (IUPAC Technical Report)
  20. Guidelines for Calibration in Analytical Chemistry. Part 2: Multicomponent Calibration (IUPAC Technical Report)
  21. Critical Evaluation of the State of the Art of the Analysis of Light Elements in Thin Films Demonstrated Using the Examples of SiOXNY and AlOXNY Films (IUPAC Technical Report)
  22. Mechanisms of Immunosensitization to Metals (IUPAC Technical Report)
  23. Chemistry at the Interfaces
  24. Macromolecules and Materials Science
  25. Introdução à Química Orgânica
  26. Polymers in Medicine, Nanotechnology, Degradation, and Stabilization
  27. Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics
  28. Functional and Nano Systems
  29. π-Electron Systems
  30. Biomolecular Chemistry
  31. Food Safety
  32. Analytical Methodologies in Trace Metal Speciation
  33. Hydrogen Energy
  34. Polymer Gels and Networks
  35. Nanostructured Advanced Materials
  36. Physics and Sustainable Development
  37. Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins
  38. Mark Your Calendar
  39. Index for 2004
https://doi.org/10.1515/ci.2004.26.6.24b

Articles in the same Issue

  1. From the Editor
  2. Contents
  3. Chemists in a Vulnerable World
  4. Strengthening International Science for the Benefit of Society: An Overview of the International Council for Science
  5. Women in Chemistry: Her Lab in Your Life
  6. The Future of Chemistry Education
  7. Young Observers Going to Beijing
  8. Marian Góral Received the 2004 Franzosini Award
  9. International Year of Physics, 2005
  10. Electromotivity to Replace Electromotive Force?
  11. Bonded by Stereobonds
  12. Reference Methods, Standards, and Applications of Photoluminescence
  13. Glossary of Terms Used in Biomolecular Screening
  14. Practical Studies for Medicinal Chemistry Guidelines
  15. Internationally Agreed Terminology for Observations in Scientific Communication
  16. Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments
  17. Quantities, Terminology, and Symbols in Photothermal and Related Spectroscopies (IUPAC Recommendations 2004)
  18. Electrochemical Detection in Liquid Flow Analytical Techniques: Characterization and Classification (IUPAC Technical Report)
  19. Piezoelectric Chemical Sensors (IUPAC Technical Report)
  20. Guidelines for Calibration in Analytical Chemistry. Part 2: Multicomponent Calibration (IUPAC Technical Report)
  21. Critical Evaluation of the State of the Art of the Analysis of Light Elements in Thin Films Demonstrated Using the Examples of SiOXNY and AlOXNY Films (IUPAC Technical Report)
  22. Mechanisms of Immunosensitization to Metals (IUPAC Technical Report)
  23. Chemistry at the Interfaces
  24. Macromolecules and Materials Science
  25. Introdução à Química Orgânica
  26. Polymers in Medicine, Nanotechnology, Degradation, and Stabilization
  27. Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics
  28. Functional and Nano Systems
  29. π-Electron Systems
  30. Biomolecular Chemistry
  31. Food Safety
  32. Analytical Methodologies in Trace Metal Speciation
  33. Hydrogen Energy
  34. Polymer Gels and Networks
  35. Nanostructured Advanced Materials
  36. Physics and Sustainable Development
  37. Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins
  38. Mark Your Calendar
  39. Index for 2004
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