Startseite Assessment of humoral and cellular immunity after bivalent BNT162b2 vaccination and potential association with reactogenicity
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Assessment of humoral and cellular immunity after bivalent BNT162b2 vaccination and potential association with reactogenicity

  • Gian Luca Salvagno , Laura Pighi , Brandon M. Henry , Myriam Valentini , Beatrice Tonin , Damiano Bragantini , Gianluca Gianfilippi , Simone De Nitto , Mario Plebani ORCID logo und Giuseppe Lippi ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 2. Februar 2023
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Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)
Aus der Zeitschrift Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) Band 61 Heft 7

Abstract

Objectives

This study investigated the feasibility and clinical value of using a novel, automated and high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA), combined with total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies assessment, for evaluating the immune response after bivalent BNT162b2 vaccination.

Methods

A cohort of healthcare workers, who already underwent primary vaccination and boosting with monovalent BNT162b2 vaccine, received a booster dose of the new BNT162b2 bivalent formulation. Blood samples were taken immediately before vaccination (T0) and 1 month afterwards (T1). Humoral and cellular immunity were assayed with Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and Roche Elecsys IGRA SARS-CoV-2, respectively.

Results

The study population consisted of 51 subjects (median age: 43 years; 51% females). Total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and IGRA SARS-CoV-2 values increased at T1 from 9,050 to 25,000 BAU/mL (p<0.001), and from 0.44 to 0.78 IU/mL (p=0.385), accounting for median increase of 2.0 and 1.6 folds, respectively. Increased T1 values of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and IGRA SARS-CoV-2 were recorded in 100% and 68.6% subjects, respectively. In those with baseline values below the median, post-vaccine levels displayed larger increases of 3.3 and 5.1 folds for anti-SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies and IGRA SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The variation of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was inversely associated with their T0 values (r=−0.97; p<0.001), whilst that of IGRA SARS-CoV-2 was inversely associated with its T0 value (r=−0.58; p<0.001). No other signifcant associations were found with demographical or clinical variables, including side effects.

Conclusions

The bivalent BNT162b2 vaccine booster enhances humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2, especially in recipients with lower baseline biological protection.

Keywords: antibodies; COVID-19; immunity; interferon gamma release assay; SARS-CoV-2; vaccination
Corresponding author: Prof. Giuseppe Lippi, Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy, Phone: 0039-045-8122970, Fax: 0039-045-8124308, E-mail:

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the staff of the Service of Laboratory Medicine and the Medical Direction of the Pederzoli Hospital (Peschiera del Garda, Italy) for support and technical assistance.

  1. Research funding: None declared.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  5. Ethical approval: All subjects recruited in this prospective observational study provided written informed consents for undergoing COVID-19 vaccination and for being included in the immunological prospective survey. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and its protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Provinces of Verona and Rovigo (59COVIDCESC; November 8, 2021).

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-0055).

Received: 2023-01-14
Accepted: 2023-01-20
Published Online: 2023-02-02
Published in Print: 2023-06-27

© 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2023-0055
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
antibodies; COVID-19; immunity; interferon gamma release assay; SARS-CoV-2; vaccination

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Editorial
  3. ChatGPT: Angel or Demond? Critical thinking is still needed
  4. Mini Review
  5. Diagnostic accuracy of Siemens SARS-CoV-2 Antigen (CoV2Ag) chemiluminescent immunoassay for diagnosing acute SARS-CoV-2 infection: a pooled analysis
  6. Opinion Papers
  7. Neurofilament light chain as neuronal injury marker – what is needed to facilitate implementation in clinical laboratory practice?
  8. Clinical evidence requirements according to the IVDR 2017/746: practical tools and references for underpinning clinical evidence of IVD-MDs
  9. EFLM Papers
  10. Potentials and pitfalls of ChatGPT and natural-language artificial intelligence models for the understanding of laboratory medicine test results. An assessment by the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group on Artificial Intelligence (WG-AI)
  11. Detection of antinuclear antibodies: recommendations from EFLM, EASI and ICAP
  12. Analytical aspects of the antinuclear antibody test by HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence: EFLM report on an international survey
  13. Guidelines and Recommendations
  14. Variability of cardiac troponin levels in normal subjects and in patients with cardiovascular diseases: analytical considerations and clinical relevance
  15. General Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
  16. Pre-analytical long-term stability of neopterin and neurofilament light in stored cerebrospinal fluid samples
  17. Development of a candidate reference measurement procedure by ID-LC-MS/MS for total tau protein measurement in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
  18. Assessing the commutability of candidate reference materials for the harmonization of neurofilament light measurements in blood
  19. Surface plasmon resonance assays for the therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab indicate clinical relevance of anti-infliximab antibody binding properties
  20. An antibody-free LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of sex hormone binding globulin in human serum and plasma
  21. Accurate stratification between VEXAS syndrome and differential diagnoses by deep learning analysis of peripheral blood smears
  22. Establishing quality indicators for point of care glucose testing: recommendations from the Canadian Society for Clinical Chemists Point of Care Testing and Quality Indicators Special Interest Groups
  23. Clinical implication by differential analytical performances of serum free light chain quantitation analysis using fully automated analyzers
  24. Simultaneous analysis of antihyperglycemic small molecule drugs and peptide drugs by means of dual liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry
  25. Reference Values and Biological Variations
  26. Reference intervals for thyroid biomarkers to enhance the assessment of thyroid status in childhood and adolescence
  27. Biological variation of CA 15-3, CA 125 and HE 4 on lithium heparinate plasma in apparently healthy Caucasian volunteers
  28. Cancer Diagnostics
  29. Individual risk prediction of high grade prostate cancer based on the combination between total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and free to total PSA ratio
  30. Cardiovascular Diseases
  31. Using logistic regression models to investigate the effects of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T confounders on ruling in acute myocardial infarction
  32. Infectious Diseases
  33. Assessment of humoral and cellular immunity after bivalent BNT162b2 vaccination and potential association with reactogenicity
  34. Three rounds of a national external quality assessment reveal a link between disharmonic anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody quantifications and the infection stage
  35. Corrigendum
  36. Where is laboratory medicine headed in the next decade? Partnership model for efficient integration and adoption of artificial intelligence into medical laboratories
  37. Letters to the Editor
  38. Please do not call it Theranos
  39. Lot-to-lot bias for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentrations ≥1000 ng/L
  40. Lot-to-lot reagent changes and commutability of quality testing materials for total bile acid measurements
  41. On the importance of sampling interval in studies of biological variation in thyroid function
  42. Stability of plasma renin concentration based on plasma freezing time, as an adjunct to the stability data reported in the paper by Hepburn and others
  43. Falsely low beta-hCG results in pregnant woman on Siemens Atellica: don’t forget the “hook effect”
  44. Proenkephalin A 119–159 (penKid) – a novel biomarker and its quantification on the Nexus IB10 POC system for assessing kidney function
  45. Investigating the polyuria-polydipsia syndrome: the “PP” Shiny app
  46. Evaluation of a novel, stand-alone system to measure interleukin-6
  47. Spurious low WBC count in the WNR channel of Sysmex XN-9000 hematology analyzer in a case with leukocyte aggregation
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