Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Gonyaulax kunsanensis sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) from Korean coastal waters
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Hyeon Ho Shin
Hyeon Ho Shin is a principal researcher at Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology. His major focus is on taxonomy, genomics, ecophysiology of marine microalgae and understanding the effect of abiotic and biotic factors on the toxin production in culture of marine dinoflagellate. Other areas of current research include interpretation between dinoflagellate cysts and environmental changes in Korean coastal areas.
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Zhun Li
Zhun Li is a senior research scientist at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology. His current scientific interest aims to clarify the function of the microbial community and molecular mechanisms at the physiological changes of microalgae. Classification of marine microalgae using molecular tools, taxonomy and molucular genetics are also among his current research activities. He received his PhD in life science at the Hanyang University of Korea.
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Kenneth Neil Mertens
Kenneth Neil Mertens is a researcher at Ifremer, LER BO, Concarneau, France. He received his PhD in 2009 from Ghent University. His research interests are the taxonomy, evolution, phylogeny and biogeography of dinoflagellates, and the palaeoceanographical application of dinoflagellate cysts, particularly in the Quaternary and Neogene.
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Yeong Du Yoo
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Joo Yeon Youn
Haifeng Gu is a principal researcher at Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China. He received his PhD in 2007 from Ocean University of China. His research interests are the taxonomy and evolution of dinoflagellates.
Abstract
Two Gonyaulax-like strains were established by isolating cells from Korean coastal waters, and their morphologies and molecular phylogenies based on SSU and LSU rRNA gene sequences were examined. The motile cells displayed neutral torsion and a plate formula typical for the genus Gonyaulax, and were characterized by a reticulated surface with many pores, and a marked antapical flange on the boundary between 1″″ and 2p or two prominent spines. The reticulate ornamentation was sometimes absent on the plate margin or on the entire plate. Pronounced rows of pores on the margins of precingular, cingular and postcingular plates were observed, and especially a distinct pore was always present on the margin of the anterior sulcal plate contacting with 1″. A spiniferate resting cyst had a red body, gonal and intergonal processes, and an antapical flange. In the phylogenetic tree, the Korean isolates had a close relationship to Gonyaulax membranacea and were clearly divergent from other Gonyaulax species. These species can be distinguished by the presence or absence of a distinct pore on the margin of the anterior sulcal plate in touch with 1″, and different process types in cyst morphology. Based on these morpho-molecular data, Gonyaulax kunsanensis sp. nov. is proposed.
Funding source: National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK)
Funding source: Korean Culture Collection of Microalgae and Collaboration Center
Award Identifier / Grant number: NRF-2022M3H9A1083426
Funding source: Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries
Award Identifier / Grant number: KIMST-20220526 and RS-2023-00256330
Funding source: KIOST Project
Award Identifier / Grant number: PEA0121
Funding source: National Natural Science Foundation of China
Award Identifier / Grant number: 42076085
About the authors
Hyeon Ho Shin is a principal researcher at Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology. His major focus is on taxonomy, genomics, ecophysiology of marine microalgae and understanding the effect of abiotic and biotic factors on the toxin production in culture of marine dinoflagellate. Other areas of current research include interpretation between dinoflagellate cysts and environmental changes in Korean coastal areas.
Zhun Li is a senior research scientist at the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology. His current scientific interest aims to clarify the function of the microbial community and molecular mechanisms at the physiological changes of microalgae. Classification of marine microalgae using molecular tools, taxonomy and molucular genetics are also among his current research activities. He received his PhD in life science at the Hanyang University of Korea.
Kenneth Neil Mertens is a researcher at Ifremer, LER BO, Concarneau, France. He received his PhD in 2009 from Ghent University. His research interests are the taxonomy, evolution, phylogeny and biogeography of dinoflagellates, and the palaeoceanographical application of dinoflagellate cysts, particularly in the Quaternary and Neogene.
Haifeng Gu is a principal researcher at Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China. He received his PhD in 2007 from Ocean University of China. His research interests are the taxonomy and evolution of dinoflagellates.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: Hyeon Ho Shin and Gu Haifeng: conceived the project, isolated the new strain, analysed the data and drafting manuscript; Zhun Li and Kenneth Neil Mertens: drafted the manuscript, performed phylogenetic analysis and wrote the final version of the manuscript; Yeong Du Yoo: wrote the final version of the manuscript and analysed the data; Joo Yeon Youn and Minji Lee: took microphotographs and carried out SEM observations. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests regarding this article.
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Research funding: This work was supported by the management of Marine Fishery Bio-Resources Center (2024) funded by the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK), the Korean Culture Collection of Microalgae and Collaboration Center (NRF-2022M3H9A1083426), Korea Institute of Marine Science and Technology Promotion (KIMST) funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (KIMST-20220526 and RS-2023-00256330), KIOST Project (PEA0121), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42076085).
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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Supplementary Material
This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0106).
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Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- In this issue
- Physiology and Ecology
- Gambierdiscus carpenteri (Dinophyceae) from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California: morphology, genetic affinities, and mouse toxicity
- New record of the green macroalga Gayralia brasiliensis (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) in Singapore
- Taxonomy/Phylogeny and Biogeography
- Three new Lobophora species (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from Phuket on the west coast of Thailand
- Proposal of Cryptonemia floridana comb. nov. (Halymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) based on rbcL gene analysis of collections from type locality and female reproductive morphology
- Kapraunia silviae (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta), a new species from the South Atlantic Ocean
- Pseudogomphonema lukinicum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), a new endophytic diatom found inside multicellular red algae from the Northwest Pacific
- Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Gonyaulax kunsanensis sp. nov. (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) from Korean coastal waters
- Introducing a new species, Vaginatispora acrostichi (Lophiostomataceae), based on morphology and multigene phylogeny
- Genomics
- Evaluation of cryptic invasion in Japanese Undaria populations based on mitochondrial haplotypic analysis
