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Feasibility of ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of Gongolaria nodicaulis (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) for restoration of warm temperate marine forests in Atlantic Morocco

  • Khaoula Khaya

    Khaoula Khaya is PhD student at University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. Her PhD research focuses on diversity, phenology and ecological restoration of Cystoseira populations on the Moroccan Atlantic coast.

         , Annalisa Falace , Ester A. Serrão , João Neiva

    João Neiva is a researcher at Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve (CCMAR) in Portugal. His research is focused on understanding the patterns and processes underlying marine radiations, speciation and population genetic structure, with particular emphasis on canopy-forming macroalgae, including historical biogeography, oceanographic connectivity, mating systems and hybridization, and how marine species and intra-specific genetic variation are affected by ongoing climatic change.

         , Abdeltif Reani

    Abdeltif Reani is a full professor of phycology from the Chouaïb Doukkali University, Morocco. He obtained his PhD degree in 1998 from Chouaïb Doukkali University. He got his Engineer Diploma-Phycology in 1986 from Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II Morocco. In 1984, he earned a Specialized Higher Studies Diploma in marine culture, University of Caen, France. His research interests focus on ecology and biotechnology of seaweeds in Morocco.

         , Brahim Sabour

    Brahim Sabour is a full professor of phycology from the University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. His research activity focuses on the diversity, ecology and biotechnology of marine algae and cyanobacteria in Morocco.Previous degrees include a Master’s degree in marine sciences from the University of Chouaïb Doukkali in 1996 and a PhD degree in algology–ecotoxicology from the University of Hassan II – Casablanca, Morocco.

         and Zahira Belattmania

    Zahira Belattmania is an associate professor of phycology at Chouaïb Doukkali University (CDU), Morocco. Her research interest is marine biodiversity and biotechnology. Her more recent research has focused on ecology and valorization of seaweeds. She obtained her Master’s degree in biotechnology in 2014 and her PhD degree in marine biodiversity and biotechnology in 2018 from CDU.

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Published/Copyright: May 1, 2024
Botanica Marina
From the journal Botanica Marina Volume 67 Issue 3

Abstract

Brown algal forests provide many ecosystem services but are declining worldwide, prompting a growing number of conservation and restoration efforts. Recent attempts to recover Cystoseira forests are encouraging in the Mediterranean, but whether this is possible in more challenging Atlantic conditions has not yet been investigated. In this study, we assess the feasibility of cultivating Gongolaria nodicaulis by producing ex-situ recruits for reforestation on the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Embryos of G. nodicaulis were cultured on clay tiles for 26 days under controlled conditions without water motion, reaching an average length of 3 mm before being outplanted on the intertidal zone. The transplants were monitored for six months. Recruits experienced high loss rates, approximately 47 % of zygotes within 7 days in culture and 75 % of outplanted seedlings within 10 days in the field. The latter might result from natural self-thinning (competition), but our observations suggested that it was also largely due to the weak attachment of recruits to the tiles resulting from cultivation under calm conditions. Six months after the transplants, the surviving individuals reached the size of wild adult algae (average length of 13.5 cm), and some even became reproductive. Globally, survival rates, growth, physiological condition and fertility in this restoration pilot suggest that ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of G. nodicaulis is a promising approach to recover forests in Atlantic Morocco.

Keywords: brown algae; fucoid; embryology; ex-situ culture; Cystoseira s.l.
Corresponding author: Zahira Belattmania, Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology RU, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization – CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco, E-mail:

Funding source: AFRIMED

Award Identifier / Grant number: EASME/EMFF/2017/1.2.1.12/S4/01/SI2.789059

Funding source: MARAFRICA: AGA-KHAN

Award Identifier / Grant number: MARAFRICA: AGA-KHAN/540316524/2019

Funding source: FCT DivRestore

Award Identifier / Grant number: FCT DivRestore/0013/2020 EU-BiodivERsA

Funding source: Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)

Award Identifier / Grant number: DL 57/2016/CP1361/CT0010

Funding source: FORESCUE DivProtect/0006/2021 EU-BiodivERsA

Award Identifier / Grant number: FORESCUE DivProtect/0006/2021 EU-BiodivERsA

Funding source: Project RESTORESEAS

Award Identifier / Grant number: BiodivRestore-253/BiodivERsA & Water JPI

About the authors

Khaoula Khaya

Khaoula Khaya is PhD student at University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. Her PhD research focuses on diversity, phenology and ecological restoration of Cystoseira populations on the Moroccan Atlantic coast.

João Neiva

João Neiva is a researcher at Centro de Ciências do Mar do Algarve (CCMAR) in Portugal. His research is focused on understanding the patterns and processes underlying marine radiations, speciation and population genetic structure, with particular emphasis on canopy-forming macroalgae, including historical biogeography, oceanographic connectivity, mating systems and hybridization, and how marine species and intra-specific genetic variation are affected by ongoing climatic change.

Abdeltif Reani

Abdeltif Reani is a full professor of phycology from the Chouaïb Doukkali University, Morocco. He obtained his PhD degree in 1998 from Chouaïb Doukkali University. He got his Engineer Diploma-Phycology in 1986 from Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II Morocco. In 1984, he earned a Specialized Higher Studies Diploma in marine culture, University of Caen, France. His research interests focus on ecology and biotechnology of seaweeds in Morocco.

Brahim Sabour

Brahim Sabour is a full professor of phycology from the University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. His research activity focuses on the diversity, ecology and biotechnology of marine algae and cyanobacteria in Morocco.Previous degrees include a Master’s degree in marine sciences from the University of Chouaïb Doukkali in 1996 and a PhD degree in algology–ecotoxicology from the University of Hassan II – Casablanca, Morocco.

Zahira Belattmania

Zahira Belattmania is an associate professor of phycology at Chouaïb Doukkali University (CDU), Morocco. Her research interest is marine biodiversity and biotechnology. Her more recent research has focused on ecology and valorization of seaweeds. She obtained her Master’s degree in biotechnology in 2014 and her PhD degree in marine biodiversity and biotechnology in 2018 from CDU.

  1. Research ethics: Not applicable.

  2. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: This study was funded by the Project RESTORESEAS BiodivRestore-253 – FCT DivRestore/0013/2020 EU-BiodivERsA and Water JPI, and partially funded by AFRIMED Project, EASME/EMFF/2017/1.2.1.12/S4/01/SI2.789059, and MARAFRICA: AGA-KHAN/540316524/2019. JN was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the contract DL 57/2016/CP1361/CT0010 and project FORESCUE DivProtect/0006/2021 EU-BiodivERsA.

  5. Data availability: Not applicable.

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Received: 2023-10-10
Accepted: 2024-04-04
Published Online: 2024-05-01
Published in Print: 2024-06-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Obituary
  4. A life for science and seaweeds: Klaus-Otto Lüning (1941–2023)
  5. Review
  6. Chemical ecology of plankton parasitism in algae
  7. Physiology and Ecology
  8. Saccharina sporophytes settling on kelp cultivation rafts come from wild intertidal populations and not from the farmed cultivars
  9. Feasibility of ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of Gongolaria nodicaulis (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) for restoration of warm temperate marine forests in Atlantic Morocco
  10. Taxonomy/Phylogeny and Biogeography
  11. Phymatolithopsis acervata comb. nov., and P. roseola sp. nov. (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta) from South Africa with a comment on infraordinal classification
  12. A new species of marine algae from the Mexican Atlantic based on morphology and molecular data: Gelidium rodrigueziae sp. nov. (Gelidiaceae, Rhodophyta)
  13. Occurrence of Dictyosphaeria (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) species on the Brazilian coast and oceanic islands, based on morphological and molecular data
  14. New morphological data for two rare species of sand-dwelling marine dinoflagellates, Amphidiniella sedentaria and Pachena cf. leibnizii
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0093
Keywords for this article
brown algae; fucoid; embryology; ex-situ culture; Cystoseira s.l.

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Obituary
  4. A life for science and seaweeds: Klaus-Otto Lüning (1941–2023)
  5. Review
  6. Chemical ecology of plankton parasitism in algae
  7. Physiology and Ecology
  8. Saccharina sporophytes settling on kelp cultivation rafts come from wild intertidal populations and not from the farmed cultivars
  9. Feasibility of ex-situ recruitment and outplanting of Gongolaria nodicaulis (Fucales, Phaeophyceae) for restoration of warm temperate marine forests in Atlantic Morocco
  10. Taxonomy/Phylogeny and Biogeography
  11. Phymatolithopsis acervata comb. nov., and P. roseola sp. nov. (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta) from South Africa with a comment on infraordinal classification
  12. A new species of marine algae from the Mexican Atlantic based on morphology and molecular data: Gelidium rodrigueziae sp. nov. (Gelidiaceae, Rhodophyta)
  13. Occurrence of Dictyosphaeria (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) species on the Brazilian coast and oceanic islands, based on morphological and molecular data
  14. New morphological data for two rare species of sand-dwelling marine dinoflagellates, Amphidiniella sedentaria and Pachena cf. leibnizii
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