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Genetic analysis of Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) type specimens resolves northeast Pacific blade-forming species

  • Jeffery R. Hughey

    Jeffery R. Hughey is an instructor of biology at Hartnell College in Salina, California, USA. He received his PhD in 2001 under Dr. Max Hommersand at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. His expertise is using PCR and genomic methods to analyze DNA from type material of algae. He also monitors and studies introduced algae in California. Dr. Hughey has authored genetic investigations on bacteria, algae, sponges, flies, aphids, snails, fish, lizards, birds and humans.

     ORCID logo     , Kathy Ann Miller

    Kathy Ann Miller is the Curator of Algae at the University Herbarium, University of California at Berkeley. She is a systematist who studies Pacific seaweeds, both native and introduced. She supports marine conservation and public outreach in California.

     ORCID logo     and Paul W. Gabrielson

    Paul W. Gabrielson is an algal systematist. He obtained his PhD at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill with Max Hommersand and was a post-doc with Gerald T. Kraft and the late Robert F. Scagel. He retooled from morpho-anatomy to DNA sequencing while teaching at a small, liberal arts college for nine years, before returning to UNC, Chapel Hill. He collaborates with phycologists worldwide sequencing contemporary field-collected specimens, as well as type specimens of seaweeds from the eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

     ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: March 11, 2024
Botanica Marina
From the journal Botanica Marina Volume 67 Issue 2

Abstract

Misapplication of Ulva epithets in GenBank has led to confusion in the scientific literature and community. To solve some of the problems, targeted DNA sequencing of plastid encoded rbcL gene amplicons or high-throughput sequencing was performed on all blade-forming Ulva type specimens from the northeast Pacific. Recently collected specimens from at or near type localities were also analyzed for some taxa. Based on these genetic analyses, we confirmed currently recognized species: U. californica, with U. angusta and U. scagelii as heterotypic synonyms, U. stenophylla, U. taeniata, and U. tanneri. Ulva dactylifera, currently considered a synonym of U. taeniata based on morpho-anatomy, is recognized as a distinct species, as is U. expansa whose type specimen was sequenced in 2018. All but two of the ITS, rbcL and tufA sequences in GenBank that were labeled U. californica were correctly named, in contrast to U. taeniata, for which only one of 14 sequences was correctly labeled. These results show that DNA sequencing of Ulva type specimens is essential for the correct application of names.

Keywords: Ulva californica ; Ulva dactylifera ; Ulva stenophylla ; Ulva taeniata ; Ulva tanneri
Corresponding author: Paul W. Gabrielson, Biology Department and Herbarium, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Coker Hall CB 3280, 27599-3280, Chapel Hill, NC, USA, E-mail:

About the authors

Jeffery R. Hughey

Jeffery R. Hughey is an instructor of biology at Hartnell College in Salina, California, USA. He received his PhD in 2001 under Dr. Max Hommersand at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. His expertise is using PCR and genomic methods to analyze DNA from type material of algae. He also monitors and studies introduced algae in California. Dr. Hughey has authored genetic investigations on bacteria, algae, sponges, flies, aphids, snails, fish, lizards, birds and humans.

Kathy Ann Miller

Kathy Ann Miller is the Curator of Algae at the University Herbarium, University of California at Berkeley. She is a systematist who studies Pacific seaweeds, both native and introduced. She supports marine conservation and public outreach in California.

Paul W. Gabrielson

Paul W. Gabrielson is an algal systematist. He obtained his PhD at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill with Max Hommersand and was a post-doc with Gerald T. Kraft and the late Robert F. Scagel. He retooled from morpho-anatomy to DNA sequencing while teaching at a small, liberal arts college for nine years, before returning to UNC, Chapel Hill. He collaborates with phycologists worldwide sequencing contemporary field-collected specimens, as well as type specimens of seaweeds from the eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Acknowledgments

We thank the curators at the Steere Herbarium (New York Botanical Garden) and the University of British Columbia herbarium (Beaty Biodiversity Museum) for sending fragments of type material for DNA sequencing, without which we would be unable to correctly apply historical algal names. PWG thanks Dr. Todd Vision (UNC, CH) for the use of lab space and equipment.

  1. Research ethics: Procedures are/were in accordance with national laws.

  2. Author contributions: Jeffery R. Hughey: concept, field-collections, genome and targeted PCR sequencing, genome annotation and phylogenetic analyses, writing; Kathy Ann Miller: concept, loan acquisition, writing; Paul W. Gabrielson: concept, loan acquisition, targeted PCR sequencing, phylogenetic analyses, writing.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Research funding: PWG by a family trust.

  5. Data availability: The raw data can be obtained on request from the corresponding author.

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0072).

Received: 2023-08-30
Accepted: 2024-01-09
Published Online: 2024-03-11
Published in Print: 2024-04-25

© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Editorial
  4. Phylogeny and ecology of the green seaweed Ulva
  5. Cultivation
  6. Germanium dioxide as agent to control the biofouling diatom Fragilariopsis oceanica for the cultivation of Ulva fenestrata (Chlorophyta)
  7. Seasonal and culture period variations in the lipid and fatty acid content of Ulva lactuca cultivated in Mikhmoret onshore (Israel)
  8. Ecology and Biology
  9. Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
  10. High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
  11. Evolution and Biodiversity
  12. Environmental gradients influence geographic differentiation and low genetic diversity of morphologically similar Ulva species in the Northwest Pacific
  13. Taxonomic assessment of blade-forming Ulva species (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in the Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador using DNA sequencing
  14. Genetic analysis of Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) type specimens resolves northeast Pacific blade-forming species
  15. Updating the Ulvaceae in the green seaweeds of Britain and Ireland
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2023-0072
Keywords for this article
Ulva californica; Ulva dactylifera; Ulva stenophylla; Ulva taeniata; Ulva tanneri

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. In this issue
  3. Editorial
  4. Phylogeny and ecology of the green seaweed Ulva
  5. Cultivation
  6. Germanium dioxide as agent to control the biofouling diatom Fragilariopsis oceanica for the cultivation of Ulva fenestrata (Chlorophyta)
  7. Seasonal and culture period variations in the lipid and fatty acid content of Ulva lactuca cultivated in Mikhmoret onshore (Israel)
  8. Ecology and Biology
  9. Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with the seaweed Ulva sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh
  10. High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
  11. Evolution and Biodiversity
  12. Environmental gradients influence geographic differentiation and low genetic diversity of morphologically similar Ulva species in the Northwest Pacific
  13. Taxonomic assessment of blade-forming Ulva species (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) in the Galápagos Archipelago, Ecuador using DNA sequencing
  14. Genetic analysis of Ulva (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) type specimens resolves northeast Pacific blade-forming species
  15. Updating the Ulvaceae in the green seaweeds of Britain and Ireland
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