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Inconsistency between morphological diversity and genetic structuring: proposal for one species of Undaria in Japan

  • Shinya Uwai

    Shinya Uwai is a professor and the director of the Research Center for Inalnd Seas, Kobe University. His research is presently focused on population genetics and phylogeography of seaweeds, especially those in enclosed coastal seas, such as Seto Inland Sea.

     ORCID logo EMAIL logo     , Satomi Takagi

    Satomi Takagi was formerly a post-doctoral researcher at the Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, where she worked on population genetics of the brown algal genus Undaria. Her main research field is biology and ecology of sea urchin and she has a special interest in understanding the nutrient metabolism of edible sea urchin and its effects on sea urchin flavor. She is now a JSPS research fellow at the Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency.

         , Takuma Sekiguchi , Nozomi Emura , Teruwo Morita , Akira Kurashima and Yoichi Sato

    Yoichi Sato is a manager of Research Institute “Yuriage Factory” in Riken Food Co., Ltd, Japan. His research interests include ecology, physiology, and aquaculture of macroalgae.
Published/Copyright: January 4, 2023
Botanica Marina
From the journal Botanica Marina Volume 66 Issue 1

Abstract

Genetic structure analyses have yielded some examples of inconsistencies between genetic and morphological information. Here, eleven nuclear microsatellite markers and mitochondrial haplotypes were used to examine the genetic structure and gene flow among Japanese Undaria pinnatifida populations and the congeneric species U. undarioides and U. peterseniana. Undaria pinnatifida was subdivided into four “Groups” of populations based on Bayesian clustering analysis, Neighbor-net analysis and Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Undaria undarioides samples formed a unique Group. In contrast, U. peterseniana samples either grouped with a mixture of U. pinnatifida and U. undarioides clusters or were included within one of the U. pinnatifida clusters. More significantly, Groups of populations shared alleles with geographically adjacent Groups even between different morphospecies. No clear differences between the inter-and intra-specific genetic divergence were observed in either nuclear or mitochondrial markers. As a result, U. undarioides and U. peterseniana were synonymized with U. pinnatifida. Isolation-by-distance suggested the significance of geographical isolation for maintaining the observed divergence.

Keywords: isolation-by-distance; microsatellite; phaeophyceae; population structure; species boundaries
Corresponding author: Shinya Uwai, Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, 1-1 Rokkodai 1-1, Nadaku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan; and Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi-2, Nishiku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan, E-mail:

About the authors

Shinya Uwai

Shinya Uwai is a professor and the director of the Research Center for Inalnd Seas, Kobe University. His research is presently focused on population genetics and phylogeography of seaweeds, especially those in enclosed coastal seas, such as Seto Inland Sea.

Satomi Takagi

Satomi Takagi was formerly a post-doctoral researcher at the Kobe University Research Center for Inland Seas, where she worked on population genetics of the brown algal genus Undaria. Her main research field is biology and ecology of sea urchin and she has a special interest in understanding the nutrient metabolism of edible sea urchin and its effects on sea urchin flavor. She is now a JSPS research fellow at the Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency.

Yoichi Sato

Yoichi Sato is a manager of Research Institute “Yuriage Factory” in Riken Food Co., Ltd, Japan. His research interests include ecology, physiology, and aquaculture of macroalgae.

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to persons and fishery cooperatives for their help in sampling and permission for sampling. We thank Prof. Guiseppe Zuccarello for his invaluable comments on the manuscript.

  1. Author contributions: SU, ST, and YS conceived, designed, performed experiments and data analyses, and wrote the manuscript. NE and TS performed experiments for Northern Pacific Honshu and the Kii peninsula, respectively. TM and AK collected most of the samples along the Kii peninsula.

  2. Research funding: The present study was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 22K06372 to SU.

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

  4. Data availability: The sequence data of the mitochondrial haplotypes are deposited in Genbank. The full dataset of the SSR genotypes is available from SU on request.

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Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2022-0048).

Received: 2022-08-07
Accepted: 2022-12-09
Published Online: 2023-01-04
Published in Print: 2023-02-23

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

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  13. Annual Reviewer Acknowledgement
  14. Reviewer acknowledgement Botanica Marina volume 65 (2022)
https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2022-0048
Keywords for this article
isolation-by-distance; microsatellite; phaeophyceae; population structure; species boundaries

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