Seasonal patterns of growth, alginate content and block structure of the alien invader Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Ochrophyta) from the Atlantic coast of Morocco

Zahira Belattmania; Samir El Atouani; Fouad Bentiss; Charafeddine Jama; Annalisa Falace; Abdellatif Chaouti; Abdeltif Reani; Brahim Sabour

doi:10.1515/bot-2021-0050

Article

Seasonal patterns of growth, alginate content and block structure of the alien invader Sargassum muticum (Fucales, Ochrophyta) from the Atlantic coast of Morocco

Zahira Belattmania

Zahira Belattmania is Assistant Professor of Phycology at Chouaïb Doukkali University, Morocco. Her research interest is marine biodiversity and biotechnology. Her more recent research has focused on ecology and valorization of marine macrolagae. She obtained her Master’s degree in biotechnology in 2014 and her PhD degree in marine biodiversity and biotechnology in 2018 from University of Chouaïb Doukkali.
, Samir El Atouani , Fouad Bentiss

Fouad Bentiss is Full Professor of Chemistry at the University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. His research activities are focused on the electrochemical behavior of metals and alloys, corrosion and inhibition, and development of new surface modification processes. He has published over 200 scientific research papers with an h-index = 62.
, Charafeddine Jama

Charafeddine Jama started his research career in 1990 at the University of Lille developing several industrial processes. He has authored more than 130 research papers in international journals. He joined the UMET UMR CNRS 8207 laboratory at Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), part of Centrale Lille Institute, in 1999 and is developing research in material science characterization, multifunctional materials, environment, anticorrosion and antibacterial applications.
, Annalisa Falace

Annalisa Falace is Associate Professor in marine algal taxonomy and ecology at the University of Trieste. Her main research interest is the biology and ecology of marine macroalgae and seagrasses. Her expertise in this field relates to: 1) macroalgal biodiversity – assessment of quality status of water bodies, 2) coralligenous and rhodolith beds, and 3) restoration of marine forests. She is involved in several national and international research projects.
, Abdellatif Chaouti , Abdeltif Reani and Brahim Sabour

Brahim Sabour is Full Professor of Phycology at the University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. His research activity focuses on the diversity, ecology and biotechnology of marine algae and cyanobacteria in Morocco. Previous degrees include a MSc in marine sciences from the University of Chouaïb Doukkali in 1996 and a PhD in algology – ecotoxicology from the University of Hassan II – Casablanca, Morocco.

Published/Copyright: December 7, 2021

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From the journal Botanica Marina Volume 65 Issue 1

Abstract

In the present study, alginate yield and composition were investigated during the seasonal life cycle of the alien brown alga Sargassum muticum harvested from the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Alginate yield ranged from 11.14% in winter to 25.62% in spring/early summer, coinciding with maximum vegetative growth. Monthly monitoring of the alginate block structure showed that the highest mannuronate (M)/guluronate (G) ratio was recorded during the maximum development of S. muticum, before sexual maturity and during resumption of vegetative growth, giving maximum flexibility to the alga. The unusually high molar monad fractions (F_G) and dyad fractions (F_GG) of guluronic acid in late summer/early autumn appeared to be related to stiffness of senescent thalli. Rheological characterisation showed that the alginate of S. muticum exhibited pseudoplastic behaviour, with the highest apparent viscosities measured in late summer/early autumn when the G blocks dominated the alginate structure. This study suggests that S. muticum could be exploited as an alginophyte for commercial applications. The best harvest time is May-June, which corresponds to the highest alginate yield, maximum thallus growth, and largely completed sexual reproduction, ensuring sustainable exploitation of the species.

Keywords: alginate; chemical characterisation; rheology; Sargassum muticum ; seasonal variation

Corresponding author: Zahira Belattmania, Phycology, Blue Biodiversity and Biotechnology RU, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization—CNRST Labeled Research Unit N°10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, P.O. Box 20, 24000 El Jadida, Morocco, E-mail: belattmania.z@ucd.ac.ma

About the authors

Zahira Belattmania

Zahira Belattmania is Assistant Professor of Phycology at Chouaïb Doukkali University, Morocco. Her research interest is marine biodiversity and biotechnology. Her more recent research has focused on ecology and valorization of marine macrolagae. She obtained her Master’s degree in biotechnology in 2014 and her PhD degree in marine biodiversity and biotechnology in 2018 from University of Chouaïb Doukkali.

Fouad Bentiss

Fouad Bentiss is Full Professor of Chemistry at the University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. His research activities are focused on the electrochemical behavior of metals and alloys, corrosion and inhibition, and development of new surface modification processes. He has published over 200 scientific research papers with an h-index = 62.

Charafeddine Jama

Charafeddine Jama started his research career in 1990 at the University of Lille developing several industrial processes. He has authored more than 130 research papers in international journals. He joined the UMET UMR CNRS 8207 laboratory at Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Lille (ENSCL), part of Centrale Lille Institute, in 1999 and is developing research in material science characterization, multifunctional materials, environment, anticorrosion and antibacterial applications.

Annalisa Falace

Annalisa Falace is Associate Professor in marine algal taxonomy and ecology at the University of Trieste. Her main research interest is the biology and ecology of marine macroalgae and seagrasses. Her expertise in this field relates to: 1) macroalgal biodiversity – assessment of quality status of water bodies, 2) coralligenous and rhodolith beds, and 3) restoration of marine forests. She is involved in several national and international research projects.

Brahim Sabour

Brahim Sabour is Full Professor of Phycology at the University of Chouaïb Doukkali, Morocco. His research activity focuses on the diversity, ecology and biotechnology of marine algae and cyanobacteria in Morocco. Previous degrees include a MSc in marine sciences from the University of Chouaïb Doukkali in 1996 and a PhD in algology – ecotoxicology from the University of Hassan II – Casablanca, Morocco.

Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
Research funding: This research was funded by the project VPMA3/DESRS-ANPMA-CNRST “Exploitation de la diversité spécifique et génétique pour une bioraffinerie innovante des algues marines de la côte atlantique marocaine”.
Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2021-05-29

Accepted: 2021-10-20

Published Online: 2021-12-07

Published in Print: 2022-02-23

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https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2021-0050

Keywords for this article

alginate; chemical characterisation; rheology; Sargassum muticum; seasonal variation