Does bryozoan colonization alter the biochemical composition of Saccharina japonica affecting food safety and quality?

Paulos Getachew; Ji-Young Kang; Jae-Suk Choi; Yong-Ki Hong

doi:10.1515/bot-2015-0007

Article

Does bryozoan colonization alter the biochemical composition of Saccharina japonica affecting food safety and quality?

Paulos Getachew
Paulos Getachew is a PhD candidate in Pukyong National University, Korea. He has been working on effects of epiphytic organisms on biochemical composition and proteomic profiles of kelps as a partial fulfilment of his PhD. Especially, his study has been focusing on the induced proteomic changes of the aquacultured Saccharina japonica due to frequent colonization by Bryozoa and Hydra. Furthermore, he is identifying early colonization marker proteins from different sections of colonies and neighbouring tissues. He is a full-time lecturer of the Center for Food Science and Nutrition in Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.
, Ji-Young Kang
Ji-Young Kang was awarded a PhD in Biotechnology by Pukyong National University, Korea for her work on biological analysis of coralline algae and mussel periostracum for antifouling material. She is a researcher for work on bioethics and safety in biomedical research at the National Institute of Health, Korea.
, Jae-Suk Choi
Jae-Suk Choi is Research Professor of Food Biotechnology at Silla University, Korea. He was awarded a PhD in Seaweed Biotechnology by the Pukyong National University, Korea for work on antifouling activities of marine coralline algae. Recent research has concentrated on developing functional foods for health and developing new cosmetics using marine bioresources. He is currently a consultant of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Korea.
and Yong-Ki Hong
Yong-Ki Hong is Professor of Seaweed Biotechnology and Biochemistry at Pukyong National University, Korea. He was awarded a PhD in Seaweed Biotechnology by the University of California, Santa Barbara for work on differential display technique, and a PhD in Microbiology by the Kyungpook National University, Korea for work on plasmid transformation. Since 1993, he has focused on the isolation of biologically active substances (memory enhancers, anti-inflammatory agents, antifoulants, algicidal substances, etc) from seaweed. He was a college dean and editor-in-chief, and is President of the Asian-Pacific Society for Applied Phycology.

Published/Copyright: June 5, 2015

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From the journal Botanica Marina Volume 58 Issue 4

Abstract

The encrusting bryozoan Membranipora membranacea frequently colonizes late-harvested blades of the cultured Saccharina japonica. We measured the proximate compositions, amino acid and fatty acid profiles and metal contents of bryozoans, colonized blades and healthy blades. Bryozoans contained high levels of crude ash (657 g kg^-1 dry weight) and arsenic (As; 49 mg kg^-1 dry weight) contents, exceeding the recommended range for human food, and had relatively low levels of essential amino acids. The content of inorganic As in bryozoans was 31% of the provisional tolerable weekly intake for inorganic As established by the World Health Organization. Hence, bryozoans decrease the food and fodder quality of the seaweed product. After removing the bryozoans, we found that the seaweed blade tissues beneath the colonies had elevated levels of potassium, iodine and docosahexaenoic acid and reduced levels of copper, chromium and cadmium compared to healthy tissues. Thus, lacy crust bryozoans must be removed from the surface of seaweed prior to its use as food or fodder.

Keywords: arsenic; biochemical composition; Bryozoa; Saccharina japonica

Corresponding author: Yong-Ki Hong, Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Namgu, Busan 608-737, Korea, e-mail: ykhong@pknu.ac.kr

About the authors

Paulos Getachew

Paulos Getachew is a PhD candidate in Pukyong National University, Korea. He has been working on effects of epiphytic organisms on biochemical composition and proteomic profiles of kelps as a partial fulfilment of his PhD. Especially, his study has been focusing on the induced proteomic changes of the aquacultured Saccharina japonica due to frequent colonization by Bryozoa and Hydra. Furthermore, he is identifying early colonization marker proteins from different sections of colonies and neighbouring tissues. He is a full-time lecturer of the Center for Food Science and Nutrition in Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia.

Ji-Young Kang

Ji-Young Kang was awarded a PhD in Biotechnology by Pukyong National University, Korea for her work on biological analysis of coralline algae and mussel periostracum for antifouling material. She is a researcher for work on bioethics and safety in biomedical research at the National Institute of Health, Korea.

Jae-Suk Choi

Jae-Suk Choi is Research Professor of Food Biotechnology at Silla University, Korea. He was awarded a PhD in Seaweed Biotechnology by the Pukyong National University, Korea for work on antifouling activities of marine coralline algae. Recent research has concentrated on developing functional foods for health and developing new cosmetics using marine bioresources. He is currently a consultant of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Korea.

Yong-Ki Hong

Yong-Ki Hong is Professor of Seaweed Biotechnology and Biochemistry at Pukyong National University, Korea. He was awarded a PhD in Seaweed Biotechnology by the University of California, Santa Barbara for work on differential display technique, and a PhD in Microbiology by the Kyungpook National University, Korea for work on plasmid transformation. Since 1993, he has focused on the isolation of biologically active substances (memory enhancers, anti-inflammatory agents, antifoulants, algicidal substances, etc) from seaweed. He was a college dean and editor-in-chief, and is President of the Asian-Pacific Society for Applied Phycology.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean government (MEST) (NRF-M1A5A1-2011-0029963).

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Received: 2015-1-14

Accepted: 2015-5-6

Published Online: 2015-6-5

Published in Print: 2015-8-1

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/bot-2015-0007

Keywords for this article

arsenic; biochemical composition; Bryozoa; Saccharina japonica